New Mitogenomes from the Genus (Diptera: Chironomidae, Tanypodiinae): Characterization and Phylogenetic Implications.

(1) Background: The insect mitogenome encodes essential genetic components and serves as an effective marker for molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis in insects due to its small size, maternal inheritance, and rapid evolution. The morphological identification of is challenging, particularly for non-experts. Thus, there is an increasing need for molecular data to improve classification accuracy and phylogenetic analysis.

DNA barcodes and morphology reveal new species within the Cryptochironomus Kieffer from Oriental China (Diptera: Chironomidae).

The genus Cryptochironomus has a cosmopolitan distribution including over 140 valid described species worldwide. The morphological characteristics and DNA barcode data of Cryptochironomus inflatus Liu, sp. nov.

Phylogenetic and Comparative Analysis of , and Inferred from Mitogenomes (Diptera: Chironomidae).

(1) Background: Mitochondrial genomes have been extensively employed as a crucial marker in numerous dipteran families for understanding phylogenetics and systematics relations, thereby playing a pivotal role in molecular biology studies. The phylogenetic relationship of the generic complex remains contentious due to the paucity of taxonomic and molecular data. Specifically, the evolutionary relationships among , , and Harnischia are still unclear.

Erratum: Corrigendum: Liu W-B, Wang C-Y, Tang Y-N, Wang Y, Pei W-X, Yan C-C (2024) Six new species of Kieffer (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the Nearctic region. ZooKeys 1200: 275-302. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1200.119225.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1200.

Six new species of Kieffer (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the Nearctic region.

Six new species of Kieffer, 1918, Liu, , Liu, , Liu, , Liu, , Liu, and Liu, , are described and illustrated based on adult males. The specimens were collected from various water systems in the United States and preserved by Dr. Leonard Charles Ferrington Jr.

New descriptions of the larval and pupal stages of and from Xizang, China (Diptera, Chironomidae).

Background: Tibetan Plateau is one of the most typical areas of biodiversity in the world because of its unique environmental and regional units, which breed unique biological communities and concentrate on many unique and rare wild animals and plants. Research on Chironomidae in the Tibetan Plateau is relatively weak. At present, the identification of Chironomidae species mainly depends on male adults, while identification of larvae and pupae is relatively difficult and there is less research on them.

Lipidomics reveals the dysregulated ceramide metabolism in oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced macrophage-derived foam cell.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is associated with increasing lipid peroxidation. Oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) is one most important factors contributing to the pathogenesis and clinical features of AS. The lipid composition influenced by ox-LDL is not known clearly.

Color-reflected chemical regulations of the scorched rhubarb (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) revealed by the integration analysis of visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography.

Rhubarb has been used as herbal purgative with a worldwide long history. In traditional Chinese medicine, rhubarb can be stir-baked to scorch to eliminate the purgative function when it is a side effect. Under-scorched rhubarb still has the side effect of purgative, while over-scorched rhubarb can lose all bioactivities.

Rapid and Integrated Quality Assessment of Organic-Inorganic Composite Herbs by FTIR Spectroscopy-Global Chemical Fingerprints Identification and Multiple Marker Components Quantification of Indigo Naturalis ().

This research aimed to develop an FTIR-based method for rapid and low-cost integrated quality assessment of organic-inorganic composite herbs, which are kinds of herbs composed of both organic and inorganic active ingredients or matrix components. A two-step quality assessment route was designed and verified using the example of Indigo Naturalis (). First, the FTIR spectra were used as global chemical fingerprints to identify the true and fake samples.

[Standardization system of industry decoction pieces based on whole process quality control concept].

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction pieces refer to prescription drugs that can be used in clinical or preparation production after processing medicinal herbs. TCM decoction pieces industries are inherited from the culture of TCM and are important because of their independent intellectual property rights. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (Ch.

[Standardization of preparation of rice fried Codonopsis Radix based on correlation analysis of functional component and shape index].

The quality standard of Chinese herbal medicine is the key in quality control, and the establishment of rice processing technology standard of rice fried Codonopsis Radix has important significance for the overall quality control. In this study, the color brightness (L*), red-green chromaticity coordinate (a*), yellow-blue chromaticity coordinate (b*) and total color value（E*ab）were determined by colorimeter and used as the shape indexes. Ethanol extractives, polysaccharide, lobetyolin and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural contents were determined by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultraviolet (UV), and used as chemical indexes in the analysis by normalization distance method.

[Simultaneous content determination of 14 components in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma by high performance liquid chromatography method].

To establish an HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) method for the simultaneous content determination of gallic acid, (+)-catechin, (－)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, isolindleyin, 4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone, emodin, chrysophanol, physcion, aloe-emodin, rhein, lindleyin, 4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone-4'-O-β-D-(2″-O-galloyl-6″-O-cinnamoyl)-glucopyranoside, sennoside A and sennoside B in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. The analysis was performed on Agilent Zorbax SB-C₁₈ (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm) with 0.

[Development of whole process quality control and management system of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces based on traditional Chinese medicine quality tree].

The whole process quality control and management of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction pieces is a system engineering, involving the base environment, seeds and seedlings, harvesting, processing and other multiple steps, so the accurate identification of factors in TCM production process that may induce the quality risk, as well as reasonable quality control measures are very important. At present, the concept of quality risk is mainly concentrated in the aspects of management and regulations, etc. There is no comprehensive analysis on possible risks in the quality control process of TCM decoction pieces, or analysis summary of effective quality control schemes.

[Discussion on research thinking of traditional Chinese medicine standardization system based on whole process quality control].

The concept of "Quality by design" indicates that good design for the whole life cycle of pharmaceutical production enables the drug to meet the expected quality requirements. Aiming at the existing problems of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) industry, the TCM standardization system was put forward in this paper from the national strategic level, under the guidance by the idea of quality control in international manufacturing industry and with considerations of TCM industry's own characteristics and development status. The connotation of this strategy was to establish five interrelated systems: multi-indicators system based on tri-indicators system, quality standard and specification system of TCM herbal materials and decoction pieces, quality traceability system, data monitoring system based on whole-process quality control, and whole-process quality management system of TCM, and achieve the whole process systematic and scientific study in TCM industry through "top-level design-implement in steps-system integration" workflow.