Bilirubin nanoparticles modulate Treg/Th17 cells and functional metabolism of gut microbiota to inhibit lung adenocarcinoma.

The level of serum bilirubin is associated with the incidence of lung cancer in both smokers and non-smokers, but the specific mechanism is unknown. Bilirubin nanoparticles (BRNPs) were synthesized to explore the effects on Treg/Th17 immunity and gut microbiota in Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) mice, to provide insights for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. 10 μg/mL BRNPs promoted apoptosis of A549, NCI-H1299 and LLC cells.

Sintering Evolving MnO-LaMnO Perovskite Heterointerfaces as Highly Active and Durable Catalysts for Catalytic Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds.

Improving the catalyst performance for the thermal oxidation reaction faces the daunting challenge of the activity-stability trade-off. Herein, an evolved heterointerface was constructed on spherical MnO nanocatalysts to achieve exceptional stability while maintaining adequate activity by simply introducing La. The generation of the active MnO-MnO heterointerfaces by La doping was experimentally observed, which further segregates to the surface during thermal aging and forms epitaxially grown heterostructured LaMnO-MnO with Mn atoms.

Percutaneous Kyphoplasty Alleviates Pain Occurring Distal to the Fracture Area Caused by Stage I and II Kümmell Disease.

Background: Kümmell disease (KD)-a rare and relatively complex spinal condition-is a type of posttraumatic osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture manifesting as a delayed collapse of a vertebral body. Although most patients with KD present with pain in the fracture area, some present with pain in the rib region or distal lumbosacral region, without pain in the fracture area, which poses challenges for diagnosing and treating KD.

Objective: We aimed to explore whether percutaneous kyphoplasty can alleviate pain distal to the fracture area caused by either Stage I or Stage II KD.

Extraordinary synergy on 3D hierarchical porous Co-Cu nanocomposite for catalytic elimination of VOCs at low temperature and high space velocity.

It is still a challenge to develop hierarchically nanostructured catalysts with simple approaches to enhance the low-temperature catalytic activity. Herein, a set of mesoporous Co-Cu binary metal oxides with different morphologies were successfully prepared via a facile ammonium bicarbonate precipitation method without any templates or surfactants, which were further applied for catalytic removal of carcinogenic toluene. Among the catalysts with different ratios, the CoCu composite oxide presented the best performance, where the temperature required for 90% conversion of toluene was only 237°C at the high weight hour space velocity (WHSV) of 240,000 mL/(g·hr).

Percutaneous Mesh-Container-Plasty versus Percutaneous Kyphoplasty in the Treatment of Osteoporotic Compression Fractures with Up-Endplate Injury: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Percutaneous mesh-container-plasty (PMCP), a modified traditional percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) technique, is increasingly being used to treat osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with up-endplate injury. This retrospective study aimed to compare the clinical and radiological results of PKP and PMCP for the treatment of this disease.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with osteoporotic compression fractures and upper endplate injuries treated at our hospital between January 2019 and December 2021.

Engineering Oxygen Vacancies of Co-Mn-Ni-Fe-Al High-Entropy Spinel Oxides by Adjusting Co Content for Enhanced Catalytic Combustion of Propane.

Transition metal-based oxides with similar oxidation activities for catalytic hydrocarbon combustion have attracted much attention. In this study, a new class of metal high-entropy oxides (CoMnNiFeAl)O ( = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) with a porous structure was fabricated through a simple and inexpensive NaCl template-assisted sol-gel approach, which was employed for the catalytic oxidation of propane. The results indicated that the content of cobalt has a great impact on its activity, and the (CoMnNiFeAl)O catalyst exhibited the best catalytic activity.

The need for thoracic magnetic resonance imaging before vertebral augmentation surgery in patients with lumbar vertebral fractures.

Background: Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) of the lumbar region may be accompanied by thoracic fractures. Treating only the lumbar fractures can lead to worsening of the thoracic fractures or unresolved postoperative symptoms. This study aims to investigate the need to perform thoracic MRI before vertebral augmentation (including percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty) in patients with lumbar OVCF.

Enhancing sorption kinetics by oriented and single crystalline array-structured ZSM-5 film on monoliths.

To enhance the reaction kinetics without sacrificing activity in porous materials, one potential solution is to utilize the anisotropic distribution of pores and channels besides enriching active centers at the reactive surfaces. Herein, by designing a unique distribution of oriented pores and single crystalline array structures in the presence of abundant acid sites as demonstrated in the ZSM-5 nanorod arrays grown on monoliths, both enhanced dynamics and improved capacity are exhibited simultaneously in propene capture at low temperature within a short duration. Meanwhile, the ZSM-5 array also helps mitigate the long-chain HCs and coking formation due to the enhanced diffusion of reactants in and reaction products out of the array structures.

Hybrid conditioning of ionic liquid coupling with HSO to improve the dewatering performance of municipal sludge.

Municipal sludge generated from wastewater treatment plants can cause a serious environmental and economic burden. A novel hybrid conditioning strategy was developed to enhance the dewatering performance of sludge, employing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([Cmim][CFSO]) treatment combined with HSO acidification. Following conditioning, the capillary suction time ( ), the specific resistance of filtration (SRF), and moisture content of the treated sludge were decreased to 1.

In Situ Reconstruction of Active Heterointerface for Hydrocarbon Combustion through Thermal Aging over Strontium-Modified CoO Nanocatalyst with Good Sintering Resistance.

The issue of catalyst deactivation due to sintering has gained significant attention alongside the rapid advancement of thermal catalysts. In this work, a simple Sr modification strategy was applied to achieve highly active CoO-based nanocatalyst for catalytic combustion of hydrocarbons with excellent antisintering feature. With the CoSr catalyst achieving a 90% propane conversion temperature () of only 289 °C at a w8 hly space velocity of 60,000 mL·g·h, 24 °C lower than that of pure CoO.

An innovative Pickering W/O/W nanoemulsion co-encapsulating hydrophilic lysozyme and hydrophobic Perilla leaf oil for extending shelf life of fish products.

A Pickering water-in-oil-in-water nanoemulsion co-encapsulating lysozyme (LYS) and Perilla leaf oil (PO) was prepared using whey protein isolate-tannin acid conjugated nanoparticles (WPI-TA NPs) as emulsifiers, called LYS-PO-NE, and subsequently analyzed. The nano size and multiple phases was confirmed based on the results of confocal laser scanning microscope, scanning electron microscope, and droplet size analysis. LYS-PO-NE had high encapsulation efficiencies of 89.

Deciphering a cell death-associated signature for predicting prognosis and response to immunotherapy in lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a subtype of non-small cell carcinoma, accounting for about 30% of all lung cancers. Yet, the evaluation of prognostic outcome and therapy response of patients with LUSC remains to be resolved. This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of cell death pathways and develop a cell death-associated signature for predicting prognosis and guiding treatment in LUSC.

Preparation and characterization of a novel absorbent pad based on polyvinyl alcohol/gellan gum/citric acid with incorporated Perilla leaf oil nanoemulsion for chilled chicken packaging.

A novel absorbent pad based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/gellan gum/citric acid (CA) composite with incorporated Perilla leaf oil (PO) nanoemulsion was prepared and characterized. The esterification between PVA and CA and strong hydrogen bonds were detected. The PVA improved the tensile strength and elongation at break by 110% and 73%, respectively, whereas PO concentration ≤ 1.

Heterojunctioned CuO/CuO catalyst for highly efficient ozone removal.

In recent years, near surface ozone pollution, has attracted more and more attention, which necessitates the development of high efficient and low cost catalysts. In this work, CuO/CuO heterojunctioned catalyst is fabricated by heating CuO at high temperature, and is adopted as ozone decomposition catalyst. The results show that after CuO is heated at 180°C conversion of ozone increases from 75.

Low-Temperature Oxidation of Toluene over MnO-CeO Nanorod Composites with High Sinter Resistance: Dual Effect of Synergistic Interaction on Hydrocarbon Adsorption and Oxygen Activation.

Synergistic interaction derived by a heterointerface structure on the surface of metal oxide catalysts has a crucial role in improving the catalytic activity. In this work, MnO nanoparticles were dispersed on the surface of CeO nanorods to generate a MnO-CeO heterointerface structure, and its effect on toluene adsorption and catalytic oxidation performance was investigated. The results show that MnO is well dispersed on CeO nanorods, and the interaction of Mn-Ce significantly reduces the strength of the Ce-O bond and increases the conversion of Ce to Ce, which further promotes the activation of oxygen.

Efficacy and Safety of Glucocorticoids Versus Placebo as an Adjuvant Treatment to Surgery in Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials.

Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common neurosurgical disease with a high recurrence rate, especially among the elderly. Glucocorticoids have been tested for the treatment of CSDH in observational studies and randomized clinical trials.

Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database for randomized trials from the earliest date available to May 23, 2021 that had compared glucocorticoids and placebo as a postoperative treatment of CSDH.

Destroying the structure of extracellular polymeric substance to improve the dewatering performance of waste activated sludge by ionic liquid.

The disposal and resource utilization of waste activated sludge (WAS) is a big challenge for its high moisture content. Ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([EMIM][OTf]), was innovatively used as a conditioner to improve the dewatering performance of WAS. The WAS was characterized by flocs size, three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM), zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the investigation of intensification mechanism.

Author Correction: Activating low-temperature diesel oxidation by single-atom Pt on TiO nanowire array.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Activating low-temperature diesel oxidation by single-atom Pt on TiO nanowire array.

Supported metal single atom catalysts (SACs) present an emerging class of low-temperature catalysts with high reactivity and selectivity, which, however, face challenges on both durability and practicality. Herein, we report a single-atom Pt catalyst that is strongly anchored on a robust nanowire forest of mesoporous rutile titania grown on the channeled walls of full-size cordierite honeycombs. This Pt SAC exhibits remarkable activity for oxidation of CO and hydrocarbons with 90% conversion at temperatures as low as ~160 C under simulated diesel exhaust conditions while using 5 times less Pt-group metals than a commercial oxidation catalyst.

Ion-Exchange Loading Promoted Stability of Platinum Catalysts Supported on Layered Protonated Titanate-Derived Titania Nanoarrays.

Supported metal catalysts are one of the major classes of heterogeneous catalysts, which demand good stability in both the supports and catalysts. Herein, layered protonated titanate-derived TiO (LPT-TiO) nanowire arrays were synthesized to support platinum catalysts using different loading processes. The Pt ion-exchange loading on pristine LPTs followed by thermal annealing resulted in superior Pt catalysts supported on the LPT-TiO nanoarrays with excellent hydrothermal stability and catalytic performance toward CO and NO oxidations as compared to the Pt catalysts through wet-impregnation on the anatase TiO (ANT-TiO) nanoarrays resulted from thermal annealing of LPT nanoarrays.

MS-275 potentiates the effect of YM-155 in lung adenocarcinoma via survivin downregulation induced by miR-138 and miR-195.

Background: YM-155 has been proven to be an efficient antitumor suppressor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. However, the suppressive effect of YM-155 on the expression of survivin is not sufficient and has a short half-life. MS-275, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has significant antitumor capacity with a relatively long half-life.

Direct Synthesis of Conformal Layered Protonated Titanate Nanoarray Coatings on Various Substrate Surfaces Boosted by Low-Temperature Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis.

Layered protonated titanates (LPTs) are promising support materials for catalytic applications because their high surface area and cation exchange capacity provide the possibility of achieving a high metal dispersion. However, the reported LPT nanomaterials are mainly limited to free-standing nanoparticles (NPs) and usually require high temperature and pressure conditions with extended reaction time. In this work, a high-throughput microwave-assisted hydrothermal method was developed for the direct synthesis of conformal LPT nanoarray coatings onto the three-dimensional honeycomb monoliths as well as other substrate surfaces at low temperature (75-95 °C) and pressure (1 atm).