Superficial ALK-rearranged myxoid spindle cell neoplasms: Clinicopathologic and molecular analysis of two cases and a review of the literature.

Superficial anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged myxoid spindle cell neoplasms are a recently identified subtype of cutaneous soft tissue tumors, distinct for their co-expression of CD34 and S100 and characterized by ALK gene rearrangements. Although 72 cases have been reported primarily as isolated case reports, this tumor subtype has yet to be included in the WHO classification of soft tissue tumors, underscoring the need for further study. In this study, we diagnosed two additional cases, both arising in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue.

Development and validation of a prognostic score for TIPS placement in patients with viral hepatitis cirrhosis-related portal hypertension: a multi-center retrospective study.

Introduction: There is no established scoring model focused on viral hepatitis patients to predict the prognosis after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). We aimed to develop and validate a novel model based on the largest cohort for better prediction of both short-term (1 year) and long-term (3 years) postoperative prognoses after TIPS in viral hepatitis cirrhosis-related portal hypertension patients.

Methods: A total of 925 viral hepatitis cirrhosis-related portal hypertension patients who underwent TIPS from nine hospitals were divided into the training and external validation cohorts.

Protective effects and molecular mechanisms of Litopenaeus vannamei treated with l-arginine/l-lysine against myofibrillar proteins oxidation and quality degradation during freeze-thaw cycles.

The storage and processing of Litopenaeus vannamei are often challenged by the freeze-thaw (F-T) cycle phenomenon. This study delved into the influence of pretreatment with l-arginine (Arg) and l-lysine (Lys) on the myofibrillar proteins oxidation and quality of shrimp subjected to F-T cycles. Arg and Lys pretreatment notably improved water-holding capacity (WHC), textural integrity as well as the myofibrillar structure of the shrimps.

Adenosine deaminase 2 regulates the activation of the toll-like receptor 9 in response to nucleic acids.

Human cells contain two types of adenosine deaminases (ADA) each with unique properties: ADA1, which is present in all cells where it modulates intracellular functions and extracellular signaling, and ADA2, which is secreted by immune cells. The exact intracellular functions of ADA2 remain undetermined and less defined than those of ADA1. ADA2 has distinct characteristics, such as low adenosine affinity, heparin-binding ability, and putative lysosomal entry.

[Response of radial growth of different timberline species to climate change in Yading Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China].

The radial growth of trees in alpine timberline is particularly sensitive to climate change. We sampled and disposed tree-ring cores of three coniferous tree species including , , and at alpine timberline in Yading Nature Reserve. The standard tree-ring chronology was used to explore the response of radial growth of different timberline species to climate change.

Specific human CYP enzymes-dependent mutagenicity of tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (an organophosphorus flame retardant) in human and hamster cell lines.

Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) is an organophosphorus flame retardant ubiquitously present in the environment and even the human body. TBOEP is toxic in multiple tissues, which forms dealkylated and hydroxylated metabolites under incubation with human hepatic microsomes; however, the impact of TBOEP metabolism on its toxicity, particularly mutagenicity (typically requiring metabolic activation), is left unidentified. In this study, the mutagenicity of TBOEP in human hepatoma cell lines (HepG2 and C3A) and the role of specific CYPs were studied.

Metabolism-dependent mutagenicity of two structurally similar tobacco-specific nitrosamines (N-nitrosonornicotine and N-nitrosoanabasine) in human cells, partially different CYPs being activating enzymes.

N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and N-nitrosoanabasine (NAB) are both tobacco-specific nitrosamines bearing two heterocyclic amino groups, NAB bearing an extra -CH- group (conferring a hexa- rather than penta-membered cycle) but with significantly decreased carcinogenicity. However, their activating enzymes and related mutagenicity remain unclear. In this study, the chemical-CYP interaction was analyzed by molecular docking, thus the binding energies and conformations of NNN for human CYP2A6, 2A13, 2B6, 2E1 and 3A4 appeared appropriate as a substrate, so did NAB for human CYP1B1, 2A6, 2A13 and 2E1.

Low-Grade Glioma within Mature Cystic Teratoma in a Patient with Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis: A Case Report.

Introduction: Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is a common type of ovarian tumors that can, in rare cases, undergo malignant transformation. It has been discovered that MCT patients may experience psychiatric symptoms due to the presence of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies, which is the underlying cause of autoimmune encephalitis. Here, we present the first documented case of a patient with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who also had a morphology of low-grade glioma within MCT.

Multishell Copper Oxide Hollow Spheres Incorporated with Fatty Amines for High Light-To-Thermal Conversion.

Composite phase change materials (PCMs) are of great importance for the storage and conversion of energy. In this study, a multishell metal oxide hollow microsphere (CuOHS) was prepared by the hydrothermal method, and a new composite PCM (CuOHS@PCMs) for energy storage and conversion purposes was developed by effectively absorbing fatty amines [namely, tetradecylamine (TDA), hexadecylamine (HDA), and octadecylamine (ODA)] PCMs into the CuOHS via the abundant micropores located on the surface of the microsphere. The incorporation of uncontaminated phase alteration substances with CuOHS yields superior light absorption and leak prevention traits.

Carbonized CMPs Hollow Microspheres-Based Hydrogel Composite Membranes with a Hierarchical Architecture for Efficient Solar-Driven Interfacial Evaporation.

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) with excellent photothermal conversion efficiency is emerging as one of the frontier technologies for freshwater production. In this work, novel carbonized conjugate microporous polymers (CCMPs) hollow microspheres-based composite hydrogel membranes (CCMPsHM-CHM) for efficient SDIE are reported. The precursor, CMPs hollow microspheres (CMPsHM), is synthesized by an Sonogashira-Hagihara cross-coupling reaction using a hard template method.

Induction of clastogenesis and gene mutations by carbamazepine (at its therapeutically effective serum levels) in mammalian cells and the dependence on human CYP2B6 enzyme activity.

Carbamazepine (CBZ, an antiepileptic) is metabolized by multiple CYP enzymes to its epoxide and hydroxides; however, whether it is genotoxic remains unclear. In this study, molecular docking (CBZ to CYPs) and cytogenotoxic toxicity assays were employed to investigate the activation of CBZ for mutagenic effects, in various mammalian cell models. Docking results indicated that CBZ was valid as a substrate of human CYP2B6 and 2E1, while not for CYP1A1, 1A2, 1B1 or 3A4.

Physical treatment synergized with natural surfactant for improving gas-water interfacial behavior and foam characteristics of α-lactalbumin.

The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of physical treatment (ultrasound, U/high pressure homogenization, H/combined treatment, UH or HU) and surfactant (Mogroside V, Mog) on air/water interface adsorption and foaming properties of α-lactalbumin (ALa). Firstly, the binding of Mog and all physical-treated ALa was a static quenching process. Mog had the greatest binding affinity for HU-ALa among all treated samples.

Growth differentiation factor 15 is required for triple-negative breast cancer cell growth and chemoresistance.

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a pleiotropic cytokine, which is involved in the cellular stress response following acute damage. However, the functional role of GDF15 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has not been fully elucidated. ELISA, Western blot, and PCR assays as well as bioinformatics analyses were conducted to observe the expression of GDF15.

Recent Advances in the Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Carbon Nanomaterials for the Removal of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: A Review.

The large-scale production and frequent use of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have led to the continuous release and wide distribution of these pollutions in the natural environment. At low levels, EDC exposure may cause metabolic disorders, sexual development, and reproductive disorders in aquatic animals and humans. Adsorption treatment, particularly using nanocomposites, may represent a promising and sustainable method for EDC removal from wastewater.

Integrative Transcriptomic and Phytohormonal Analyses Provide Insights into the Cold Injury Recovery Mechanisms of Tea Leaves.

Tea plant is susceptible to low temperature, while the cold injury recovery mechanisms of tea leaves are still unclear. Windbreak has an effective and gradient range of protecting tea plants. Tea plants with increasing cold damage degree have varying recovery status accordingly, which are the ideal objects for investigating the cold injury recovery mechanisms of tea leaves.

ELISA based assays to measure adenosine deaminases concentration in serum and saliva for the diagnosis of ADA2 deficiency and cancer.

Adenosine deaminases (ADAs) are enzymes of purine metabolism converting adenosine to inosine. There are two types of ADAs in humans ADA1 and ADA2. While both ADA1 and ADA2 share the same substrate, they differ in expression, cellular localization, and catalytic properties.

Identification of Key Aroma Compounds Responsible for the Floral Ascents of Green and Black Teas from Different Tea Cultivars.

Chemicals underlying the floral aroma of dry teas needs multi-dimensional investigations. Green, black, and freeze-dried tea samples were produced from five tea cultivars, and only ‘Chunyu2’ and ‘Jinguanyin’ dry teas had floral scents. ‘Chunyu2’ green tea contained the highest content of total volatiles (134.

Adsorption Performance of Cd(II) by Chitosan-FeO-Modified Fish Bone Char.

In order to develop a low-cost, fast, and efficient adsorbent, the fish bone charcoal B prepared at 600 °C was modified by chitosan (Cs) and FeO to produce the material Cs-FeO-B. Results showed that Cs-FeO-B had magnetic responsiveness and can achieve solid-liquid separation, macropores disappeared, pore volume and specific surface area are increased, and amino functional groups appear on the surface. The adsorption process of Cd(II) by Cs-FeO-B conformed best to the pseudo-second order kinetics model and the Langmuir model, respectively.

Curcumin attenuates isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity by upregulating the SIRT1/PGC-1α/NRF1 pathway.

As a serious infectious disease, tuberculosis threatens global public health. Isoniazid is the first-line drug not only in active tuberculosis but also in its prevention. Severe hepatotoxicity greatly limits its use.

Serpinc1 Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Inducing Apoptosis and Blocking Macrophage Polarization in an Ubiquitin-Proteasome Manner.

Serpinc1 is a serine protease inhibitor in the coagulation cascade, but its role in tumor biology remains obscure. Here, we report an unexpected role of serpinc1 in suppression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In HCC patients, the mRNA and protein expression of serpinc1 is upregulated, which is negatively correlated with tumor grade, and has a better prognosis than patients with low serpinc1.

Effect of Statins on the Risk of Different Stages of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: The aim of this article was to investigate the relationship between statins and the risk of different stages or grades of prostate cancer.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed for articles published until December 18, 2020, on the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases. The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were then analyzed using the STATA.

Serum biomarkers of isoniazid-induced liver injury: Aminotransferases are insufficient, and OPN, L-FABP and HMGB1 can be promising novel biomarkers.

Isoniazid (INH)-induced liver injury is a great challenge for tuberculosis treatment. Existing biomarkers cannot accurately determine the occurrence of this injury in the early stage. Therefore, developing early specific sensitive biomarkers of INH-induced liver injury is urgent.