Gold complex QB1561 suppresses drug-resistant cancer cells by inhibiting TrxR and mitochondrial respiratory function.

Introduction: Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is one of the leading reasons that cause the failures of cancer treatment. Novel agents that may reverse MDR and neutralize drug-resistant cancer cells are highly desirable for clinical practice. The targeting of cellular redox homeostasis and/or mitochondria-mediated energy metabolism are promising strategies for the suppression of drug-resistant cancer cells.

Prognostic and clinicopathological role of soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a meta-analysis.

Background: The significance of soluble programmed death protein ligand-1 (PD-L1) in predicting the prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has been previously analyzed, but with conflicting results. This study investigated the effect of soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) expression on the prognosis of patients with DLBCL.

Methods: We comprehensively searched the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and CNKI databases between their inception and August 14, 2024.

Advances in the Development and Application of Human Organoids: Techniques, Applications, and Future Perspectives.

Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures derived from human pluripotent stem cells or adult stem cells that recapitulate the cellular heterogeneity, structure, and function of human organs. These microstructures are invaluable for biomedical research due to their ability to closely mimic the complexity of native tissues while retaining human genetic material. This fidelity to native organ systems positions organoids as a powerful tool for advancing our understanding of human biology and for enhancing preclinical drug testing.

Vinylene-Linked Donor-π-Acceptor Metal-Covalent Organic Framework for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO Reduction.

Intramolecular charge separation driving force and linkage chemistry between building blocks are critical factors for enhancing the photocatalytic performance of metal-covalent organic framework (MCOF) based photocatalyst. However, robust achieving both simultaneously has yet to be challenging despite ongoing efforts. Here we develop a fully π-conjugated vinylene-linked multivariate donor-π-acceptor MCOF (D-π-A, termed UJN-1) by integrating benzyl cyanides linker with multiple functional building blocks of electron-rich triphenylamine and electron-deficient copper-cyclic trinuclear units (Cu-CTUs) moieties, featuring with strong intramolecular charge separation driving force, extended conjugation degree of skeleton, and abundant active sites.

Novel gold-based complex GC7 suppresses cancer cell proliferation via impacting energy metabolism mediated by mitochondria.

Due to their pivotal roles in regulating energy metabolism and apoptosis, mitochondria in cancer cells have been considered a vulnerable and feasible target. Many anticancer agents, e.g.

Altered gut microbiota and systemic immunity in Chinese patients with schizophrenia comorbid with metabolic syndrome.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ), leading to negative consequences like premature mortality. Gut dysbiosis, which refers to an imbalance of the microbiota, and chronic inflammation are associated with both SZ and MetS. However, the relationship between gut dysbiosis, host immunological dysfunction, and SZ comorbid with MetS (SZ-MetS) remains unclear.

[Formation Potential of Secondary Organic Aerosols and Sources of Volatile Organic Compounds During an Air Pollution Episode in Autumn, Langfang].

A typical particulate matter pollution process occurred from October 9 to 17,2018,in Langfang,and 99 types of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were monitored by using ZF-KU-1007. The characteristics of VOCs,formation potential of secondary organic aerosol (SOA),and source of VOCs were systematically analyzed. The results showed that the maximum concentration of PM was 198 μg·m during the pollution process and was 2.

Screening and staging of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with deep learning based on chest X-ray images and clinical parameters.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is underdiagnosed with the current gold standard measure pulmonary function test (PFT). A more sensitive and simple option for early detection and severity evaluation of COPD could benefit practitioners and patients.

Methods: In this multicenter retrospective study, frontal chest X-ray (CXR) images and related clinical information of 1055 participants were collected and processed.

The potential of therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial biogenesis for the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a persistent metabolic disorder marked by deficiencies in insulin secretion and/or function, affecting various tissues and organs and leading to numerous complications. Mitochondrial biogenesis, the process by which cells generate new mitochondria utilizing existing ones plays a crucial role in energy homeostasis, glucose metabolism, and lipid handling. Recent evidence suggests that promoting mitochondrial biogenesis can alleviate insulin resistance in the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle while improving pancreatic β-cell function.

Dietary supplementation of osthole and icariin improves the production performance of laying hens by promoting follicular development.

Osthole (Ost) and icariin (Ica) are extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Cnidium monnieri and Epimedii Folium, respectively, and both exhibit estrogen-like biological activity. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of combining Ost with Ica on the production performance of laying hens and to explore their possible mechanisms. The production performance, egg quality, residues of Ost and Ica in eggs, serum reproductive hormone levels, expression of ovarian reproductive hormone receptor, proliferation of granulosa cells in small yellow follicles (SYF), and progesterone secretion in large yellow follicles (LYF) related genes and proteins expression were detected.

The role of autophagy in insulin resistance and glucolipid metabolism and potential use of autophagy modulating natural products in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a severe, long-term condition characterised by disruptions in glucolipid and energy metabolism. Autophagy, a fundamental cellular process, serves as a guardian of cellular health by recycling and renewing cellular components. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the vital role that autophagy plays in T2DM, we conducted an extensive search for high-quality publications across databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciFinder and used keywords like 'autophagy', 'insulin resistance', and 'type 2 diabetes mellitus', both individually and in combinations.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel bi-gold mitocans in lung cancer cells.

Mitochondria are promising drug target for cancer treatment. We previously demonstrated that a bi-gold compound BGC2a was more potent than the mono-gold drug auranofin in suppressing cancer cells due to increased gold atom number that led to higher drug accumulation in and thereby inhibition of mitochondria. To exploit the potential of this new strategy, we further designed and synthesized a series of bi-gold mitocans, the compounds targeting mitochondria.

Licochalcone A alleviates abnormal glucolipid metabolism and restores energy homeostasis in diet-induced diabetic mice.

Licochalcone A (LCA) is a bioactive chalcone compound identified in licorice. This study aimed to investigate the effects of LCA on glucolipid metabolism and energy homeostasis, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Blood glucose levels, oral glucose tolerance, serum parameters, and histopathology were examined in high-fat-high-glucose diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mice, with metformin as a positive control.

Isoliquiritigenin, a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of inflammation-associated diseases.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Licorice is a medicinal herb with a 2000-year history of applications in traditional Chinese medicine. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a bioactive chalcone compound isolated from licorice. It has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to its excellent anti-inflammatory activity.

Dopamine receptor-mediated roles on retinal ganglion cell hyperexcitability and injury in experimental glaucoma.

Extraordinary excitability (hyperexcitability) is closely related to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury in glaucoma. Dopamine (DA) and its receptors are involved in modulating RGC excitability. We investigated how DA system affects RGC injury in chronic ocular hypertension (COH) experimental glaucoma model.

Down-expression of Foxj1 on airway epithelium with impaired cilia architecture in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis implies disease severity.

Introduction: The pathogenesis of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis has not been clearly clarified. This study aimed to investigate the expression of ciliary regulating protein forkhead box protein j1 (Foxj1) on airway epithelium in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis and its association with airway cilia structure disorder and disease severity.

Methods: Lung tissue sections excised from 47 patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis were included between January 2018 and June 2021.

Developing Bi-Gold Compound BGC2a to Target Mitochondria for the Elimination of Cancer Cells.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and mitochondrial metabolism are critical for the survival of cancer cells, including cancer stem cells (CSCs), which often cause drug resistance and cancer relapse. Auranofin is a mono-gold anti-rheumatic drug, and it has been repurposed as an anticancer agent working by the induction of both ROS increase and mitochondrial dysfunction. Hypothetically, increasing auranofin's positive charges via incorporating more gold atoms to enhance its mitochondria-targeting capacity could enhance its anti-cancer efficacy.

Correction to "Surfactant-Assisted Growth of a Conversion-Type Binary Metal Oxide-Based Composite Electrode for Boosting the Reversible Lithium Storage".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01315.

Trimetazidine inhibits liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cell proliferation and blocks transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ)/Smad signaling and .

Trimetazidine (TMZ) has been used extensively to treat coronary artery disease and to reduce fibrosis. Liver fibrosis is a reversible process. However, the impacts of TMZ on liver fibrosis triggered by CCl and on hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis remain to be elaborated.

Histone deacetylase inhibitor 2-hexyl-4-pentynoic acid enhances hydroxyurea therapeutic effect in triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment has only limited effect, and it causes a significant number of deaths. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are emerging as promising anti-tumor agents in many types of cancers. We thus hypothesized that 2-hexyl-4-pentynoic acid (HPTA), a novel HDACi, could sensitize TNBC to hydroxyurea (HU, a ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor).

A Theoretical Study on the Borane-Catalyzed Reductive Amination of Aniline and Benzaldehyde with Dihydrogen: The Origins of Chemoselectivity.

Density functional theory calculations are used in this study to investigate the product selectivity and mechanism of borane-catalyzed reductive aldehyde amination by a H reducing agent. Knowing that different boranes yield different products, two typical boranes, (B(2,6-ClCH)(-HCF) and B(CF)), are studied. Of the seven possible pathways of B(2,6-ClCH)(-HCF)-catalyzed aldehyde amination analyzed herein, four are favorable.