Classification guided thick fog removal network for drone imaging: ClassifyCycle.

The foggy images captured by drones are nonuniform due to inhomogeneous distribution of fog in higher altitude, leading to the obvious fog thickness differences in the images. This paper proposes a classification guided thick fog removal network for drone imaging, termed ClassifyCycle. The drone images are input into the proposed classification module (ICLFn) to enhance the reliability of follow-up learning network.

Relationships between sclerostin and morphometric vertebral fractures, bone mineral density, and bone microarchitecture in postmenopausal women.

Unlabelled: Higher sclerostin levels in postmenopausal women are associated with improved bone microarchitecture, areal and volumetric bone mineral density, and bone strength. However, the serum sclerostin level had no independent associations with the prevalence of morphometric vertebral fractures in this population after multivariable adjustment.

Purpose: We aim to investigate the associations between serum sclerostin levels and morphometric vertebral fractures (VFs) prevalence, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone microarchitecture in postmenopausal women.

Serum Irisin level is associated with fall risk, muscle strength, and cortical porosity in postmenopausal women.

Background: Irisin plays a role in bone-muscle crosstalk, but the relationship between the serum irisin level and bone microarchitecture remains unknown.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between serum irisin level and fall risk, muscle strength, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone microarchitecture among Chinese postmenopausal women.

Methods: In all 138 postmenopausal women, handgrip strength, short physical performance battery (SPPB), and the timed up-and-go test were performed to evaluate muscle strength, physical performance, and fall risk, respectively.

Association of early-life famine exposure with low bone mass in adulthood.

Unlabelled: Famine exposure in early life has been found to have a long-term effect on metabolic diseases, but its effect on bone health was not clear. In this study, we found women, who suffered from famine exposure during their childhood or adolescence period, had significantly decreased BMD at several skeletal sites compared to the age-matched non-exposed groups. The risk of clinical fracture was also elevated in adolescence-exposed women.

A Chinese case of CHST3-related skeletal dysplasia and a systematic review.

Purpose: We reported a case with carbohydrate sulfotransferase 3 (CHST3) spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia and made a systematic review of all previously reported cases.

Methods: A 14.8-year-old boy underwent clinical, radiological, and genetic evaluations.

Bone characteristics of autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets patients.

Objective: Autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR) is a rare disease caused by activating mutations in fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) gene. With FGF23 activation, ADHR is a good model to explore the effects of FGF23 on skeletal development and mineralization. However, the bone microarchitecture of ADHR patients is poorly investigated.

Clinical characteristics and the influence of rs1800470 in patients with Camurati-Engelmann disease.

Background: Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED) is a sclerosing bone dysplasia caused by transforming growth factor β1 () gene variants.

Objective: We aim to summarize the clinical characteristics and the efficacy of glucocorticoids in 14 individuals with CED, and explore the correlation between the phenotype and the SNP of rs1800470 (c.29C>T).

Evaluation of Volumetric Bone Mineral Density, Bone Microarchitecture, and Bone Strength in Patients with Achondroplasia Caused by FGFR3 c.1138G > A Mutation.

Achondroplasia (ACH) is a skeletal disorder caused by fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) variants. Volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), bone microarchitecture, and strength have not been evaluated in these patients previously. This study aims to evaluate vBMD, bone microarchitecture, and strength in ACH patients.

Marginal bone loss of tissue- or bone-level implants after simultaneous guided bone regeneration in the posterior mandibular region: A retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: To analyze the marginal bone loss (ΔMBL) of tissue- or bone-level implants after placed with simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR).

Materials And Methods: A total of 151 patients who received 104 tissue-level or 128 bone-level implants placement with simultaneous GBR in the mandibular posterior region between January 2011 and December 2016 were included in this study. The marginal bone level (MBL) was recorded using the radiographic data obtained at implant placement, second-stage surgery, and the follow-up visit.

Bone Microarchitecture in Obese Postmenopausal Chinese Women: The Chinese Vertebral Osteoporosis Study (ChiVOS).

Background: Obesity is associated with improved bone mass and microarchitecture in Caucasian individuals, but evidence in obese Asian individuals is lacking.

Objective: To analyze the areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone microarchitecture in normal-weight, overweight, and obese postmenopausal Chinese women.

Methods: A total of 243 postmenopausal women from the Chinese Vertebral Osteoporosis Study (ChiVOS) were included and were divided into three groups (OB, obese group; OW, overweight group; NW, normal weight group) by BMI level.

Na-Cl Co-transporter (NCC) gene inactivation is associated with improved bone microstructure.

Unlabelled: Gitelman syndrome (GS) is the disease model of the inactivation of thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC), which is believed to benefit bone mass and reduce fracture risk. In this study, we found that GS patients have superior bone microarchitecture, which is associated with the disease status. Several decreased bone parameters with aging in healthy controls were reversed in GS patients to a certain extent.

LRP5 promotes cancer stem cell traits and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer.

The overactivation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway and the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) are essential for the onset and malignant progression of most human cancers. However, their regulatory mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not yet been well demonstrated. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) has been identified as an indispensable co-receptor with frizzled family members for the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction.

A Nighttime Vehicle Detection Method with Attentive GAN for Accurate Classification and Regression.

Vehicle detection plays a vital role in the design of Automatic Driving System (ADS), which has achieved remarkable improvements in recent years. However, vehicle detection in night scenes still has considerable challenges for the reason that the vehicle features are not obvious and are easily affected by complex road lighting or lights from vehicles. In this paper, a high-accuracy vehicle detection algorithm is proposed to detect vehicles in night scenes.

Dental follicles promote soft tissue management in surgical exposure of labially impacted maxillary canine.

Background: The present study aimed to report a technically improved operation on the surgical exposure of labially impacted maxillary canine, elaborating the management of soft tissue to achieve better aesthetic results, and post-treatment periodontal health.

Methods: Patients sought orthodontic treatment with unilateral labially impacted maxillary canines were selected in this study. The impacted teeth were assigned to the experimental group and contralateral unimpacted canines were assigned to the control group.

An Adaptive Deblurring Vehicle Detection Method for High-Speed Moving Drones: Resistance to Shake.

Vehicle detection is an essential part of an intelligent traffic system, which is an important research field in drone application. Because unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are rarely configured with stable camera platforms, aerial images are easily blurred. There is a challenge for detectors to accurately locate vehicles in blurred images in the target detection process.

Three-dimensional printed model of impacted third molar for surgical extraction training.

Objectives: Extraction of impacted mandibular third molars is one of the most common surgical procedures performed at dental clinics; however effective training models for teaching oral surgery to dental students are limited. This study aimed to use three-dimension (3D) printing technology to develop an effective training model for impacted third molar extraction.

Methods: The data for the 3D model were digitally processed using high-resolution computed tomography, and two common, but different patterns of impacted third molars were simulated using computer-aided design.

Serial cellular events in bone formation initiated by calcium phosphate ceramics.

To better understand the biological mechanisms triggered by osteoinductive materials in vivo, we evaluated the timeline of cellular responses to osteoinductive materials subcutaneously implanted in FVB mice. More F4/80-positive macrophages were present in osteoinductive tri-CaP ceramic (TCP) with submicron surface topography (TCPs) than non-osteoinductive TCP with micron surface topography (TCPb) at week 1. Moreover, TCPs (but not TCPb) significantly enhanced osteoclastogenesis, and induced macrophages to polarize from M1 to M2 in the first week.

Macrophage polarization plays roles in bone formation instructed by calcium phosphate ceramics.

To investigate the roles of macrophages in material-instructed bone formation, two calcium phosphate (TCP) ceramics with the same chemistry but various scales of surface topography were employed in this study. After being implanted subcutaneously in FVB mice for 8 weeks, TCPs (TCP ceramics with submicron surface topography) gave rise to bone formation, while TCPb (TCP ceramics with micron surface topography) did not, showing the crucial role of surface topography scale in material-instructed bone formation. Depletion of macrophages with liposomal clodronate (LipClod) blocked such bone formation instructed by TCPs, confirming the role of macrophages in material-instructed bone formation.

Facial alveolar bone alterations and gray value changes based on cone beam computed tomography around maxillary anterior implants: A clinical retrospective study of 1-3 years.

Objectives: The purpose of this cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) study was to describe facial alveolar bone alterations and gray value (GV) changes around implants in aesthetic anterior maxilla with simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR) and to investigate potential influence of factors related to vertical alveolar bone stability, such as particle sizes of the deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) used.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study design was adopted. Four facio-palatal cross-sectional CBCT images of 166 implants from 124 patients who had maxillary anterior implants were obtained.

The two-dimensional size of peri-implant soft tissue in the anterior maxilla and some relevance: A 1- to 7-year cross-sectional study.

Aim: This study measured the two-dimensional size of soft and hard tissues and analysed some relevance between them.

Material And Methods: Ninety-six maxillary anterior implants with a follow-up time 1-7 years postoperatively were evaluated. We superimposed the CBCT data of 72 patients with the optical scan data, followed by the measurements of the thickness and the height of soft and bone tissues.

The optimization of sintering treatment on bovine-derived bone grafts for bone regeneration: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.

Modifications of sintering temperature and treatment time of bovine-derived bone grafts affect their physicochemical properties and further influence biological activity. Three different temperature sintered bovine-derived bone grafts: group I (300 °C 3 h), group II (300 °C 3 h plus 530 °C 6 h), and group III (300 °C 3 h plus 1000 °C 2 h) and Bio-Oss® were characterized and then compared in vitro for their effects on bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) migration, proliferation, and differentiation as estimated by cell migration assay, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, and Alizarin red staining. Further, the four bone grafts were implanted into the calvarial defects of rabbits to evaluate bone regeneration and graft degradation.

Comparison Study of Three Hydroxyapatite-Based Bone Substitutes in a Calvarial Defect Model in Rabbits.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo performance, including bone regeneration and biomaterial degradation, of three hydroxyapatite-based bone substitutes at surgically created defects in the cranium of rabbits.

Materials And Methods: A bovine-derived hydroxyapatite (BHA), a synthetic hydroxyapatite (SHA), and a nano-hydroxyapatite with collagen I (nHAC) composite were characterized and then placed in calvarial defects in rabbits. After surgery at 6 weeks and 12 weeks, the animals were sacrificed for further microcomputed tomography, histologic, and histomorphometric analyses.

Growth hormone replacement therapy improves hypopituitarism-associated hypoxemia in a patient after craniopharyngioma surgery: A case report.

Rationale: There are some reports about hypoxemia related to hypopituitarism. However, little is known about the relationship between growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and hypoxemia.

Patients Concerns: A 23-year-old female presented with severe hypoxemia after the operations of craniopharyngioma.

Robotic-assisted compared with conventional total hip arthroplasty: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Robotic-assisted total hip arthroplasty (THA) allows for accurate preoperative planning and component positioning, potentially enhancing implant survival and long-term outcomes. The relative efficacy and safety of robotic-assisted and conventional THA, however, are unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the safety and efficacy of robotic-assisted and conventional THA.