Noninvasive diagnosis of significant liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B using nomogram and machine learning models.

This study aims to construct and validate noninvasive diagnosis models for evaluating significant liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). A cohort of 259 CHB patients were selected as research subjects. Through random grouping, 182 cases were included in the training set and 77 cases in the validation set.

Digital Technology Use in US Community-Dwelling Seniors With and Without Homebound Status.

Objectives: To examine (1) the prevalence of digital technology use, including information and communication technology devices, everyday technology use, and digital health technology use among community-dwelling older adults with or without homebound status and (2) the associations of digital technology use with homebound status.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting And Participants: We used the 2022 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) data that included 5510 community-dwelling older adults.

The value of predicting the invasiveness and degree of infiltration of pulmonary ground-glass nodules based on computed tomography features and enhanced quantitative analysis.

Background: The incidence and mortality rate of lung cancer are the highest in the world among all malignant tumors. Accurate assessment of ground-glass nodules (GGNs) is crucial in reducing lung cancer mortality. This study aimed to explore the value of computed tomography (CT) features and quantitative parameters in predicting the invasiveness and degree of infiltration of GGNs.

Factors associated with cancer-related cognitive impairment in patients with lung cancer: A systematic review.

Purpose: Cognitive impairment is common in lung cancer patients and impacts their quality of life. Little is known about the etiology of cognitive impairment in lung cancer patients. However, the associated factors of cognitive impairment among lung cancer patients have not been systematically reviewed.

Caffeic acid combined with arabinoxylan or β-glucan attenuates diet-induced obesity in mice via modulation of gut microbiota and metabolites.

Polyphenols and dietary fibers in whole grains are important bioactive compounds to reduce risks for obesity. However, whether the combination of the two components exhibits a stronger anti-obesity effect remains unclear. Caffeic acid is a major phenolic acid in cereals, and arabinoxylan and β-glucan are biological macromolecules with numerous health benefits.

Characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae pyogenic liver abscess from 2010-2021 in a tertiary teaching hospital of South China.

Objectives: Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a severe and potentially fatal infectious disease. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is the predominant pathogen responsible for PLA.

Tenofovir amibufenamide tenofovir alafenamide for treating chronic hepatitis B: A real-world study.

Background: The efficacy and safety profile of tenofovir amibufenamide (TMF) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients is not well-established.

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of TMF and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) over a 48-wk period in patients with CHB.

Methods: A total of 215 subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled and divided into two groups: TMF group ( = 106) and the TAF group ( = 109).

Demographics moderated the association of symptom burden with falls and fall-related outcomes.

Objectives: To examine whether (1) prior-year symptom burden predicted later-year falls and fall-related outcomes and (2) demographics moderated the longitudinal effects of symptom burden on falls and fall-related outcomes among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: We used 2011-2018 National Health and Aging Trends Study data that included 9,060 community-dwelling older adults (contributed 34,327 observations). Falls and fall-related outcomes included self-reported falls, multiple falls, fear of falling (FOF), and FOF limiting activity.

Electrospun FeO-chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol nanofibrous film for improved capture and elimination of foodborne pathogens.

This study developed a new "capture and killing" antibacterial approach for efficient elimination of foodborne pathogens. FeO-Chitosan (CS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibrous films with improved antibacterial and mechanical properties were fabricated by a simple, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective electrospinning technique. The relationship between the physical properties (viscosity, surface tension, and conductivity) and spinnability of CS/PVA as fiber forming matrix was explored.

Clinicopathologic characteristics of liver inflammation and fibrosis in 310 patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Objectives: Long-term hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can cause recurrent inflammation in the liver, and then develop into liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. The hepatic pathological change is one of the important criteria for guiding antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Due to the limitations of liver biopsy, it is necessary to find valuable non-invasive indicators to evaluate the hepatic pathological changes in CHB patients and guide the antiviral therapy.

Tenofovir alafenamide versus entecavir for treating hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure: real-world study.

Background And Aims: Real-world data regarding hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) patients receiving tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) as an antiviral drug are limited. Hence, we evaluated the efficacy and kidney safety of TAF among this population.

Methods: A total of 272 HBV-related ACLF patients hospitalized at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were enrolled in this retrospective research.

Inhibition of ACAA1 Restrains Proliferation and Potentiates the Response to CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Unlabelled: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with unfavorable outcomes. Developing therapeutic targets for TNBC remains a challenge. Here, we identified that acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 1 (ACAA1) is highly expressed in the luminal androgen receptor (LAR) subtype of TNBC compared with adjacent normal tissues in our TNBC proteomics dataset.

Longitudinal associations of concurrent falls and fear of falling with functional limitations differ by living alone or not.

Background: Falls and fear of falling (FOF) are independent risk factors for functional limitations in older adults. However, the combined effect of falls and FOF on functional limitations and the moderating role of living alone or not is unclear. We aimed to examine (1) the independent and combined effect of falls and FOF on functional limitations in older adults and (2) whether living alone moderates these associations.

Bidirectional relationship between fear of falling and frailty among community-dwelling older adults: A longitudinal study.

This study aims to examine the bidirectional association between fear of falling (FOF) and frailty among community-dwelling older adults. Longitudinal analyses were conducted over a representative sample of 5,829 community-dwelling individuals ≥65 years from the National Health and Aging Trends Study. FOF was ascertained by asking participants whether they worried about falling and if this worry ever limited their activities.

Efficacy and Economic Evaluation of Nonbiological Artificial Liver Therapy in Acute-on-chronic Hepatitis B Liver Failure.

Background And Aims: Nonbiological artificial liver (NBAL) is frequently used as a first-line treatment for hepatitis B virus-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy and cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) of comprehensive medical treatment, plasma exchange (PE), and double plasma molecular adsorption system (DPMAS) plus half-dose PE (DPMAS+PE) in patients with HBV-ACLF.

Methods: A total of 186 patients with HBV-ACLF randomly received comprehensive medical treatment, PE, or DPMAS+PE and were prospectively evaluated.

The bidirectional relationship between homebound status and falls among older adults: a longitudinal study.

Background: Previous research has shown an association between homebound status and falls among older adults. However, this association was primarily drawn from cross-sectional studies. This study aimed to determine the bidirectional relationship between homebound status and falls among older adults in the community.

Mediating role of homebound status between depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults in the USA: a cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study.

Objective: Depressive symptoms are known modifiable factors of cognitive impairment in older adults. However, the pathway through which depressive symptoms lead to cognitive impairment is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate whether homebound status (defined as usually unable to leave home unassisted) mediates the association between depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults in the USA.

Carbon-nitrogen trading in symbiotic nodules depends on magnesium import.

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation provides large amounts of nitrogen for global agricultural systems with little environmental or economic costs. The basis of symbiosis is the nutrient exchange occurring between legumes and rhizobia, but key regulators controlling nutrient exchange are largely unknown. Here, we reveal that magnesium (Mg), an important nutrient factor that preferentially accumulates in inner cortical cells of soybean nodules, shows the most positive correlation with nodule carbon (C) import and nitrogen (N) export.

A natural uORF variant confers phosphorus acquisition diversity in soybean.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for all organisms. Because P fertilizers are a non-renewable resource and high fixation in soils, sustainable agriculture requires researchers to improve crop P acquisition efficiency. Here, we report a strong association signal at a locus of CPU1 (component of phosphorus uptake 1), from a genome-wide association study of P acquisition efficiency in a soybean core collection grown in the field.

Cyanidin-3-glucoside improves the barrier function of retinal pigment epithelium cells by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis.

Excessive exposure to blue light from smartphones, computers, and other video equipment causes retinal degeneration. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) exerts protective effects on retinal cells. However, the mechanism by which C3G enhances the barrier function of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells remains unclear.

Comparison of tenofovir alafenamide and entecavir for hepatitis B virusrelated acuteonchronic liver failure.

Objectives: Hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is the most common type of liver failure in China, with a high mortality. Early rapid reduction of HBV-DNA load can improve the survival rate of HBV-ACLF patients. At present, the commonly used drugs are nucleoside (acid) analogues, such as entecavir (ETV), tenofovir, and so on.

Proteome-centric cross-omics characterization and integrated network analyses of triple-negative breast cancer.

We report a comprehensive proteomic study of a 90-case cohort of paired samples of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in quantification, phosphorylation, and DNA-binding capacity. Four integrative subtypes (iP-1-4) are stratified on the basis of global proteome and phosphoproteome, each of which exhibits distinct molecular and pathway features. Scaffold and co-expression network analyses of three proteomic datasets, integrated with those from genome and transcriptome of the same cohort, reveal key pathways and master regulators that, characteristic of TNBC subtypes, play important regulatory roles within and between scaffold sub-structures and co-expression communities.

β-arrestin2 regulating β2-adrenergic receptor signaling in hepatic stellate cells contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma progression.

β-arrestin2 and β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) have important roles in malignant tumors, the present study aims to investigate the role of activated β2-AR in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and the regulatory effect of β-arrestin2. Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to detect the expression of β-arrestin2 and β2-AR in HSCs of liver tissues from human HCC samples and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC model mice. We next used β-arrestin2 mice to demonstrate the regulatory role of β-arrestin2 in DEN mice.

A Novel Seven Gene Signature-Based Prognostic Model to Predict Distant Metastasis of Lymph Node-Negative Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Background: The prognosis of lymph node-negative triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is still worse than that of other subtypes despite adjuvant chemotherapy. Reliable prognostic biomarkers are required to identify lymph node-negative TNBC patients at a high risk of distant metastasis and optimize individual treatment.

Methods: We analyzed the RNA sequencing data of primary tumor tissue and the clinicopathological data of 202 lymph node-negative TNBC patients.

Microcliamte changes caused by black inter-row mulch decrease flavonoids concentrations in grapes and wines under semi-arid climate.

In this study, black geotextile inter-row mulch, a weed control practice, was applied under a semi-arid climate to attenuate solar reflection in 2015-2017, and it concurrently increased soil temperature and fruit-zone high temperature duration and decreased low temperature duration. Inter-row mulch decreased anthocyanins concentrations in grapes in 2015-2016, and consistently inhibited flavonols accumulation in 2015-2017. Correlation analysis between microclimate parameters and flavonoids concentrations reflected the importance of solar reflection, fruit-zone high and low temperature duration, heat accumulation and soil temperature to flavonoids accumulation.