Oncogenic KRAS-Dependent Stromal Interleukin-33 Directs the Pancreatic Microenvironment to Promote Tumor Growth.

Pancreatic cancer is characterized by an extensive fibroinflammatory microenvironment. During carcinogenesis, normal stromal cells are converted to cytokine-high cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). The mechanisms underlying this conversion, including the regulation and function of fibroblast-derived cytokines, are poorly understood.

Low-Dose Colchicine Ameliorates Doxorubicin Cardiotoxicity Via Promoting Autolysosome Degradation.

Background: The only clinically approved drug that reduces doxorubicin cardiotoxicity is dexrazoxane, but its application is limited due to the risk of secondary malignancies. So, exploring alternative effective molecules to attenuate its cardiotoxicity is crucial. Colchicine is a safe and well-tolerated drug that helps reduce the production of reactive oxygen species.

Sustainable Aerobic Bromination with Controllable Chemoselectivity.

The formation of C-Br(s) is one of the most fundamental reactions in organic synthesis. Oxidative bromination is a "green" way to achieve it. Aerobic bromination has drawn great interest in the past decades, while the poor substrate scope and selectivity, low efficiency, and the use of metal catalyst still confine its application.

Notch Signaling Regulates Immunosuppressive Tumor-Associated Macrophage Function in Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) continues to have a dismal prognosis. The poor survival of patients with PDA has been attributed to a high rate of early metastasis and low efficacy of current therapies, which partly result from its complex immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Previous studies from our group and others have shown that tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are instrumental in maintaining immunosuppression in PDA.

KRT17high/CXCL8+ Tumor Cells Display Both Classical and Basal Features and Regulate Myeloid Infiltration in the Pancreatic Cancer Microenvironment.

Purpose: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is generally divided in two subtypes, classical and basal. Recently, single-cell RNA sequencing has uncovered the coexistence of basal and classical cancer cells, as well as intermediary cancer cells, in individual tumors. The latter remains poorly understood; here, we sought to characterize them using a multimodal approach.

PDE10A Inactivation Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity and Tumor Growth.

Background: Cyclic nucleotides play critical roles in cardiovascular biology and disease. PDE10A (phosphodiesterase 10A) is able to hydrolyze both cAMP and cGMP. PDE10A expression is induced in various human tumor cell lines, and PDE10A inhibition suppresses tumor cell growth.

Analysis of Donor Pancreata Defines the Transcriptomic Signature and Microenvironment of Early Neoplastic Lesions.

Unlabelled: The adult healthy human pancreas has been poorly studied given the lack of indication to obtain tissue from the pancreas in the absence of disease and rapid postmortem degradation. We obtained pancreata from brain dead donors, thus avoiding any warm ischemia time. The 30 donors were diverse in age and race and had no known pancreas disease.

Arginase 1 is a key driver of immune suppression in pancreatic cancer.

An extensive fibroinflammatory stroma rich in macrophages is a hallmark of pancreatic cancer. In this disease, it is well appreciated that macrophages are immunosuppressive and contribute to the poor response to immunotherapy; however, the mechanisms of immune suppression are complex and not fully understood. Immunosuppressive macrophages are classically defined by the expression of the enzyme Arginase 1 (ARG1), which we demonstrated is potently expressed in pancreatic tumor-associated macrophages from both human patients and mouse models.

Analysis of donor pancreata defines the transcriptomic signature and microenvironment of early pre-neoplastic pancreatic lesions.

Unlabelled: The adult healthy human pancreas has been poorly studied given lack of indication to obtain tissue from the pancreas in the absence of disease and rapid postmortem degradation. We obtained pancreata from brain dead donors thus avoiding any warm ischemia time. The 30 donors were diverse in age and race and had no known pancreas disease.

Notch signaling regulates immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophage function in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) continues to have a dismal prognosis. The poor survival of patients with PDA has been attributed to a high rate of early metastasis and low efficacy of current therapies, which partly result from its complex immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Previous studies from our group and others have shown that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are instrumental in maintaining immunosuppression in PDA.

Full-Length Transcriptome Characterization and Functional Analysis of Pathogenesis-Related Proteins in Oriental Hybrid 'Sorbonne' Infected with .

Gray mold () causes a deleterious fungal disease that decreases the ornamental value and yield of lilies. oriental hybrid 'Sorbonne' is a variety that is resistant to gray mold. Understanding the mechanism of resistance against infection in 'Sorbonne' can provide a basis for the genetic improvement in lily plants.

Predictive value of serum initial brain natriuretic peptide and troponin on functional prognosis in noncardiogenic patients with anterior and posterior circulation cerebral infarction.

Background: Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and troponin have a close relationship with cardiogenic cerebral embolism (CCE), but their relationship with noncardiogenic patients with anterior circulation ischemia (ACI) and posterior circulation ischemia (PCI) is not clear.

Objective: To explore the predictive value of serum initial BNP and troponin on the functional prognosis of patients with noncardiogenic ACI and PCI.

Methods: Consecutive patients with first-episode cerebral infarction within 12 hours of symptom onset were enrolled in the present 1-year prospective cohort study.

Antifungal Peptide P852 Controls Fusarium Wilt in Faba Bean ( L.) by Promoting Antioxidant Defense and Isoquinoline Alkaloid, Betaine, and Arginine Biosyntheses.

Green pesticides are highly desirable, as they are environmentally friendly and efficient. In this study, the antifungal peptide P852 was employed to suppress Fusarium wilt in the Faba bean. The disease index and a range of physiological and metabolomic analyses were performed to explore the interactions between P852 and the fungal disease.

Inverse neurovascular coupling contributes to positive feedback excitation of vasopressin neurons during a systemic homeostatic challenge.

Neurovascular coupling (NVC), the process that links neuronal activity to cerebral blood flow changes, has been mainly studied in superficial brain areas, namely the neocortex. Whether the conventional, rapid, and spatially restricted NVC response can be generalized to deeper and functionally diverse brain regions remains unknown. Implementing an approach for in vivo two-photon imaging from the ventral surface of the brain, we show that a systemic homeostatic challenge, acute salt loading, progressively increases hypothalamic vasopressin (VP) neuronal firing and evokes a vasoconstriction that reduces local blood flow.

Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Stromal Crosstalk-Mediated Immune Suppression in Pancreatic Cancer.

The stroma-rich, immunosuppressive microenvironment is a hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). Tumor cells and other cellular components of the tumor microenvironment, such as cancer associated fibroblasts, CD4 T cells and myeloid cells, are linked by a web of interactions. Their crosstalk not only results in immune evasion of PDA, but also contributes to pancreatic cancer cell plasticity, invasiveness, metastasis, chemo-resistance, immunotherapy-resistance and radiotherapy-resistance.

Palmitic acid mediated change of rhizosphere and alleviation of Fusarium wilt disease in watermelon.

Palmitic acid (PA) in root exudates or decaying residues can reduce the incidence of soil-borne diseases and promote the growth of some crop plants. However, the effects of PA on soil-borne pathogens and microbial communities are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the effects of PA on overall watermelon microbial communities and the populations of f.

AXL Is a Key Factor for Cell Plasticity and Promotes Metastasis in Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), a leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, has a high metastatic rate, and is associated with persistent immune suppression. AXL, a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL, MERTK) receptor tyrosine kinase family, is a driver of metastasis and immune suppression in multiple cancer types. Here we use single-cell RNA-sequencing to reveal that AXL is expressed highly in tumor cells that have a mesenchymal-like phenotype and that AXL expression correlates with classic markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

A heterozygous MYH7 (c. 2156G > A) mutant human induced pluripotent stem cell line (ZZUNEUi020-A) generated from a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a heterogeneous myocardial disease often caused by sarcomeric gene mutations. MYH7 is one of the most common genes associated with HCM. In this study, we generated a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line ZZUNEUi020-A from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a female HCM patient with the p.

An efficient and practical aerobic oxidation of benzylic methylenes by recyclable -hydroxyimide.

An efficient and practical benzylic aerobic oxidation catalyzed by cheap and simple -hydroxyimide organocatalyst has been achieved with high yields and broad substrate scope. The organocatalyst used can be recycled and reused by simple workup and only minute amount (1 mol% in most cases) of simple iron salt is used as promoter. Phenyl substrates with mild and strong electron-withdrawing group could also be oxygenated in high yields as well as other benzylic methylenes.

Generation of a hiPSC line ZZUNEUi012-A from a healthy female individual.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have differentiation potential into different somatic cell types in vitro and are a useful tool to investigate pathomechanistic and cellular processes. In this study, we generated human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) ZZUNEUi012-A from an apparently healthy female individual using an integration-free reprogramming method. The generated hiPSC line was pluripotent and had normal karyotype, showed robust expression of pluripotency markers and could differentiate into all three germ layers in vitro.

Generation of an IPSC line from a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy carrying a mutation in MYH6 gene.

An induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line was generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a 41-year-old male patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who carries a G3755A heterozygote mutation in the MYH6 gene. The generated iPSC line expressed pluripotency markers, exhibited a normal karyotype, presented the specific mutation, and demonstrated differentiation potential into three germ layers in vitro.

Vitamin D for inflammation biomarkers in coronary artery disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a clinically common coronary heart disease. Vitamin D might be beneficial in CAD patients through its favorable effects on inflammation biomarkers. This study will be performed to examine the effects of Vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory markers in CAD patients.