Regulation of autophagy and cellular signaling through non-histone protein methylation.

Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic pathway that is precisely regulated and plays a significant role in maintaining cellular metabolic balance and intracellular homeostasis. Abnormal autophagy is directly linked to the development of various diseases, particularly immune disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and tumors. The precise regulation of proteins is crucial for proper cellular function, and post-translational modifications (PTMs) are key epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of numerous biological processes.

Curcumin-Loaded Long-Circulation Liposomes Ameliorate Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterised by insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, and inflammation, with oxidative stress contributing to its progression. Curcumin (CUR), known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and insulin sensitising effects, has shown potential for the treatment of T2DM but is limited by low solubility and bioavailability. This study investigated long-circulating curcumin-loaded liposomes (CUR-LPs) to improve curcumin stability, solubility, and circulation and assessed their effect on insulin resistance in a murine model of T2DM.

GLYAT suppresses liver cancer and clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression by downregulating ROCK1 expression.

Background: The liver and kidney are important metabolic organs in the body and common sites of tumor occurrence. Glycine-N-acyltransferase (GLYAT) is primarily expressed in the liver and kidney and downregulated in several tumors. But its specific functions and molecular mechanisms in liver cancer and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have not yet been fully elucidated.

Depositional Environment and Ecological Response of Bioconstructions: A Case Study of Southern China (Guizhou Province) in Moscovian-Gzhelian.

From the late Carboniferous to the early Permian, multiple pulses of glaciation and deglaciation have been caused by the LPIA. The Pennsylvanian period experienced phases of recovery, proliferation, and decline, ultimately forming a reef system distinctly different from that of the Mississippian period. During the late Bashkirian to Moscovian, the metazoan reef experienced a limited resurgence, with reef predominantly formed by chaetetid developing in the United States, northern China, and Japan.

Flexible Wearable Chemoresistive Ethylene Gas-Monitoring Device Utilizing Pd/TiCT Nanocomposites for In Situ Nondestructive Monitoring of Kiwifruit Ripeness.

Kiwifruit, renowned for its antioxidant properties and nutritional richness, faces challenges in maintaining quality during transportation, often leading to suboptimal products reaching the market. To address this issue, a wireless transmission flexible ethylene monitoring device (WFEMD) was developed. This device comprises a flexible ethylene gas sensor and a signal transmission processing unit integrated with electronic components, enabling real-time monitoring capabilities.

Conductive and superhydrophobic lignin/carbon nanotube coating with nest-like structure for deicing, oil absorption and wearable piezoresistive sensor.

The development of multifunctional coatings is a trend. Here, a conductive and superhydrophobic coating with nest-like structure was prepared on the wood or polyurethane (PU) sponge by spraying or soaking methods. The coating contains lignin and carboxylated multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as the main materials, both methyl trimethoxysilane (MTMS) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the modifiers.

Unraveling the Genetic Susceptibility of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: integrative genome-wide analyses in 845,492 individuals: a diagnostic study.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) significantly impacts individuals due to its prevalence and negative effect on quality of life. Current genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have only identified a small number of crucial single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), not fully elucidating IBS's pathogenesis.

Objective: To identify genomic loci at which common genetic variation influence IBS susceptibility.

PTER is a N-acetyltaurine hydrolase that regulates feeding and obesity.

Taurine is a conditionally essential micronutrient and one of the most abundant amino acids in humans. In endogenous taurine metabolism, dedicated enzymes are involved in the biosynthesis of taurine from cysteine and in the downstream metabolism of secondary taurine metabolites. One taurine metabolite is N-acetyltaurine.

Programmable Optical Encryption Based on Electrical-Field-Controlled Exciton-Trion Transitions in Monolayer WS.

Optical encryption is receiving much attention with the rapid growth of information technology. Conventional optical encryption usually relies on specific configurations, such as metasurface-based holograms and structure colors, not meeting the requirements of increasing dynamic and programmable encryption. Here, we report a programmable optical encryption approach using WS/SiO/Au metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices, which is based on the electrical-field-controlled exciton-trion transitions in monolayer WS.

Unveiling promising drug targets for autism spectrum disorder: insights from genetics, transcriptomics, and proteomics.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder for which current treatments are limited and drug development costs are prohibitive. Identifying drug targets for ASD is crucial for the development of targeted therapies. Summary-level data of expression quantitative trait loci obtained from GTEx, protein quantitative trait loci data from the ROSMAP project, and two ASD genome-wide association studies datasets were utilized for discovery and replication.

The mediating effect of blood biomarkers in the associations between inflammatory bowel disease and incident psychiatric disorders: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Despite the growing evidence of an association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and psychiatric disorders, there has been limited research exploring the underlying mediating role of blood biomarkers on the gut-brain axis. This study aimed to examine the association between IBD and the risk of incident psychiatric disorders and investigate whether and how blood biomarkers mediate this association.

Methods: This prospective cohort study using data from the UK Biobank included participants without psychiatric diagnoses at baseline.

Investigating shared genetic architecture between inflammatory bowel diseases and primary biliary cholangitis.

Background & Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is commonly associated with extraintestinal complications, including autoimmune liver disease. The co-occurrence of IBD and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) has been increasingly observed, but the underlying relationship between these conditions remains unclear.

Methods: Using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we investigated the causal effects between PBC and IBD, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

Effects of atrazine on movement, metabolism and gene expression in Pelophylax nigromaculatus larvae under global warming.

Global warming and environmental pollutants both pose a threat to the behavior and physiology of animals, but research on the combined effects of the two is limited. Atrazine, a widely used herbicide, has toxic effects on organisms. In this study, the effects of environmental concentrations of atrazine exposure (100 μg/L) for seven days on the movement, metabolism and gene expression related to motility of Pelophylax nigromaculatus larvae (GS8) were investigated under global warming.

A PTER-dependent pathway of taurine metabolism linked to energy balance.

Taurine is a conditionally essential micronutrient and one of the most abundant amino acids in humans. In endogenous taurine metabolism, dedicated enzymes are involved in biosynthesis of taurine from cysteine as well as the downstream derivatization of taurine into secondary taurine metabolites. One such taurine metabolite is N-acetyltaurine.

Optimal power-heat-carbon scheduling strategy for interconnected heterogeneous multi-microgrid considering hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.

The scale of multi-microgrid (MMG) and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) is increasing dramatically with the increase in the new energy penetration ratio, and developing an integrated energy system containing a multi-microgrid for hydrogen fuel vehicles brings great challenges to power grid operation. Focusing on the difficulties of the access of multiple microgrids for the low-carbon and economic operation of the system, this paper proposes an optimal interconnected heterogeneous multi-microgrid power-heat-carbon scheduling strategy for hydrogen-fueled vehicles. Firstly, an HFCV model is established, and then an optimal scheduling model is constructed for the cooperative trading of power-heat-carbon in a multi-microgrid, on the basis of which the low-carbon economic operation of the multi-microgrid is realized.

Interface Modulation for the Heterointegration of Diamond on Si.

Along with the increasing integration density and decreased feature size of current semiconductor technology, heterointegration of the Si-based devices with diamond has acted as a promising strategy to relieve the existing heat dissipation problem. As one of the heterointegration methods, the microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) method is utilized to synthesize large-scale diamond films on a Si substrate, while distinct structures appear at the Si-diamond interface. Investigation of the formation mechanisms and modulation strategies of the interface is crucial to optimize the heat dissipation behaviors.

Design and demonstration of high-power density infrared nonlinear filtering window with EM shielding.

Directional energy weapons such as high-power microwaves and high-energy lasers pose a huge threat to optoelectronic detection systems. With that in mind, we designed an infrared optical window that has a nonlinear optical response to high-energy lasers and electromagnetic shielding to microwaves. By constructing a periodic metal circular hole array structure at the subwavelength scale, surface plasmons resonance is excited and its local field enhanced characteristics are utilized to form information transmission compatibility in the infrared band.

Solar-Blind Photodetector Arrays Fabricated by Weaving Strategy.

The quest for solar-blind photodetectors (SBPDs) with exceptional optoelectronic properties for imaging applications has prompted the investigation of SBPD arrays. GaO, characterized by its ultrawide bandgap and low growth cost, has emerged as a promising material for solar-blind detection. In this study, SBPD arrays were fabricated by weaving Sn-doped β-GaO microbelts (MBs).

A comparison of the postoperative outcomes between intraoperative leak testing and no intraoperative leak testing for gastric cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative anastomotic leakage (PAL) is a serious complication of gastric cancer surgery. Although perioperative management has made considerable progress, anastomotic leakage (AL) cannot always be avoided. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether intraoperative leak testing (IOLT) can reduce the incidence of PAL and other postoperative outcomes in gastric cancer surgery.