Effect of electroacupuncture of Governor Vessel on mitochondrial fusion and proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in spinal cord injury rats.

Objectives: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Dazhui" (GV14) and "Jizhong"(GV6) of the Governor Vessel (GV) on mitochondrial fusion and neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and differentiation in the spinal cord of rats with spinal cord injury (SCI), so as to investigate its mechanisms underlying improvement of SCI.

Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model and EA groups, with 15 rats in each group. The SCI model was established by using a precision impactor.

Does pandemic uncertainty spur public health expenditures? Evidence from European Union economies.

This research intends to evaluate the asymmetric relationship between pandemic uncertainty and public health expenditures in selected European Union nations (Germany, France, Sweden, Belgium, Austria, Netherlands, Denmark, Spain, Finland, and Portugal). Earlier studies used panel data methodologies to get consistent results about the pandemic-health expenditures nexus, irrespective of the reality that numerous economies did not identify such a link independently. By contrast, the present research utilizes a unique technique, quantile-on-quantile, that explores time-series dependency in every nation by offering worldwide yet country-related insight into the linkage between the variables.