Intelligent nanocatalyst mediated lysosomal ablation pathway to coordinate the amplification of tumor treatment.

The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is susceptible to external excitation or insufficient supply of related participants (, hydrogen peroxide (HO) and sensitizer), liming ROS-driven tumor treatment. Additionally, the lysosomal retention effect severely hinders the utilization of ROS-based nanosystems and severely restricted the therapeutic effect of tumors. Therefore, first reported herein an intelligent nanocatalyst, TCPP-Cu@MnO ((Mn)(Mn)(Mn)O), and proposed a programmed ROS amplification strategy to treat tumors.

Development and validation of diagnosis model for inflammatory bowel diseases based on a serologic biomarker panel: A decision tree model study.

Background And Study Aims: Currently, an increasing amount of experimental data is available on newly discovered biomarkers in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), but the role of these biomarkers is often questionable due to their limited sensitivity. Therefore, this study aimed to build a diagnostic tool incorporating a panel of serum biomarkers into a computational algorithm to identify patients with IBD and differentiate those with Crohn's disease (CD) from those with ulcerative colitis (UC).

Patients And Methods: We studied sera from 192 CD patients, 118 UC patients, 60 non-IBD controls and 60 healthy controls.

Ustekinumab in pediatric patients with Crohn's disease: safety, and efficacy results from a multicenter retrospective study in China.

Background: Ustekinumab (UST) is approved as an effective therapy for Crohn's disease (CD) in adults. Off-label use is increasing in the pediatric population, more data on safety and efficacy in pediatric patients with CD is urgently needed.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of UST in children and adolescents with Crohn's disease.

Application of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Evaluation the Activity of Crohn's Disease.

Background And Objective: The dynamic assessment of disease activity during the follow-up of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) remains a significant challenge. In this study, we aimed to identify the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) in the evaluation of activity of CD.

Methods: In the retrospective study, patients diagnosed with CD in our hospital were included.

The association of three vaccination doses with reduced gastrointestinal symptoms after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: The protective efficacy of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination against the new-onset gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms following COVID-19 infection is critical among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, the optimal protective vaccine dose remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify whether there is a correlation between SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations and GI symptoms following Omicron infection in patients with IBD.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study of IBD patients among three tertiary hospitals in eastern China.

Development of a scoring system for predicting the severity of ulcerative colitis.

Background And Study Aims: Monitoring disease activity in ulcerative colitis (UC) is critical in preventing long-term complications. This study aims to develop a scoring system using non-invasive indicators to predict endoscopic activities for ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.

Patients And Methods: All enrolled patients with UC admitted to Shanghai Xinhua Hospital between June 2017 and January 2021 were enrolled, and their clinical data were retrospectively collected and a number of serological biomarkers concentrations were analyzed.

Oral colon-targeted responsive alginate/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel propels the application of infliximab in colitis.

Currently, commercialized infliximab (IFX) has rapidly propelled the clinical treatment of IBD, however, its inherent attributes, such as off-target effects and rapid metabolism, severely limit practical applications. Moreover, high doses injection of IFX can result in IBD treatment failure, which may induce other side effects. In this study, an colon microenvironment-responsive hydrogel (AL/HA hydrogel), consisting of acid-resistant sodium alginate and colon-degraded and targeted hyaluronic acid, was constructed by simple Ca/Zn cross-linking.

Premorbid Steatohepatitis Increases the Seriousness of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice.

Background And Aims: The concurrence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is increasingly seen in clinical practice, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to develop a mouse model of the phenomenon by combining high-fat high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD)-induced NASH and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC, that would support mechanistic studies.

Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to two groups receiving either a chow diet or HFHCD for 12 weeks of NASH modeling.

Accelerated Infliximab Induction for Severe Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a Young Patient with Crohn's Disease: A Case Report.

Background: Severe lower gastrointestinal bleeding (SLGIB) is a rare complication of Crohn's disease (CD). The treatment of these patients is a clinical challenge. Monoclonal anti-TNFα antibody (IFX) can induce relatively fast mucosal healing.

Cost-Effective Fabrication of Transparent Strain Sensors via Micro-Scale 3D Printing and Imprinting.

The development of strain sensors with high sensitivity and stretchability is essential for health monitoring, electronic skin, wearable devices, and human-computer interactions. However, sensors that combine high sensitivity and ultra-wide detection generally require complex preparation processes. Here, a novel flexible strain sensor with high sensitivity and transparency was proposed by filling a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) solution into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channel films fabricated via an electric field-driven (EFD) 3D printing and molding hybrid process.

Artemisinin ameliorates intestinal inflammation by skewing macrophages to the M2 phenotype and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a self-destructive intestinal disease whose etiology is unclear but complex and the effective treatment is deficient. Increasing evidences have indicated that immune dysfunction and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related intestinal mucosal barrier impaired hold critical position in the pathogenesis of IBD. Artemisinin (ART) is a sesquiterpenoid compound extracted from Chinese herbal medicine which has good immunomodulatory effects.

ABIN3 Negatively Regulates Necroptosis-induced Intestinal Inflammation Through Recruiting A20 and Restricting the Ubiquitination of RIPK3 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background And Aims: There is evidence for a disturbed necroptosis function in many inflammatory diseases, but its role in inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we studied the functional significance and molecular mechanisms of ABIN3, a ubiquitin-binding protein, in regulating the ubiquitination and activation of necroptosis in IBD.

Methods: The expression of necroptosis hallmarks and ABIN3 were assessed in inflamed samples of IBD patients, dextran sodium sulphate [DSS]-induced colitis models, and azoxymethane [AOM]/DSS models in mice.

Boosting mTOR-dependent autophagy via upstream TLR4-MyD88-MAPK signalling and downstream NF-κB pathway quenches intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress injury.

Background And Aims: Defective autophagy has been proposed as an important event in a growing number of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. However, the precise role of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent autophagy and its underlying regulatory mechanisms in the intestinal epithelium in response to inflammation and oxidative stress remain poorly understood.

Methods: The levels of p-mTOR, LC3B, p62 and autophagy in mice and LPS-treated cells were examined by immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

miR-155 Regulates IL-10-Producing CD24CD27 B Cells and Impairs Their Function in Patients with Crohn's Disease.

Regulatory interleukin-10 (IL-10)-producing B cells (B10 cells) play a critical role in preventing and curing autoimmune diseases in experimental mouse models. However, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of B10 cells in humans, especially in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), remain to be determined. miR-155 regulates many physiological and pathological conditions, including inflammation such as that in CD.

Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibition Upregulates Foxp3 Regulatory T Cells Frequency and Function during the Ulcerative Colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) pathogenesis is related to imbalance of immune responses, and the equilibrium between inflammatory T cells and Foxp3 regulatory T cells (Tregs) plays an important role in the intestinal homeostasis. Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) regulate chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Here, we investigated whether inhibition of PRMTs affects colitis pathogenesis in mice and inflammatory bowel disease patients and further explored the underlying mechanisms.

Inhibition of Autophagic Degradation Process Contributes to Claudin-2 Expression Increase and Epithelial Tight Junction Dysfunction in TNF-α Treated Cell Monolayers.

Tight junction dysfunction plays a vital role in some chronic inflammatory diseases. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), act as important factors in intestinal epithelial tight junction dysfunction during inflammatory conditions. Autophagy has also been shown to be crucial in tight junction function and claudin-2 expression, but whether autophagy has an effect on the change of claudin-2 expression and tight junction function induced by TNF-α is still unknown.

Expression and purification of functional HMGB1 A box by fusion with SUMO.

High‑mobility‑group‑box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous and abundant nuclear protein in eukaryotic cells. Nuclear HMGB1 serves an important role in maintaining nuclear stability under stress. However, extracellular HMGB1 exerts actions, which are distinctly different compared with these intracellular functions.

Integrin antagonists are effective and safe for Crohn's disease: a meta-analysis.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of integrin antagonists, including natalizumab and vedolizumab, in Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: We carried out a literature search in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library to screen for citations from January 1990 to August 2014. Data analysis was performed using Review Manager version 5.

Infliximab preferentially induces clinical remission and mucosal healing in short course Crohn's disease with luminal lesions through balancing abnormal immune response in gut mucosa.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of infliximab (IFX) in treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) patients. 106 CD patients were undergoing treatment with IFX from five hospitals in Shanghai, China. Clinical remission to IFX induction therapy was defined as Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) < 150.

Depletion of thymosin β4 promotes the proliferation, migration, and activation of human hepatic stellate cells.

Background & Aims: It has recently been reported that thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4) has anti-fibrogenic effects in human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vitro, but the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of Tβ4 in the proliferation, migration, and activation of HSCs.

Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), immunohistochemistry, and western blot assays were utilized to determine the expression levels of Tβ4 in serum, liver tissues, and LX-2 cells.

β-catenin is overexpressed in hepatic fibrosis and blockage of Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation.

β-catenin, a core component of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, has been shown to be an important regulator of cellular proliferation and differentiation. Abnormal activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes tissue fibrogenesis. In the present study, the role of β-catenin during liver fibrogenesis was analyzed and the functional effects of β-catenin gene silencing in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) using small interfering (si)RNA were investigated.

miR-200b is involved in intestinal fibrosis of Crohn's disease.

Intestinal fibrosis is one of the major serious complications of Crohn's disease (CD). However, there are no effective antifibrotic drugs to treat intestinal fibrosis in CD. Therefore, it is important to understand the pathogenesis of fibrosis in CD.