The effect of dexmedetomidine on acute kidney injury after elective major abdominal surgery : a retrospective single-center propensity score matched study.

Background: Major abdominal surgery is a kind of high-risk surgery type for postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) among non-cardiac surgeries. Despite dexmedetomidine exerts significant renal protective effects in cardiac surgeries and animal studies, whether it is associated with a lower incidence of AKI in major abdominal surgeries remains unclear.

Methods: From January 2019 to July 2021, patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery in West China Hospital were enrolled.

Predictive Value of Plasma D-Dimer for Cerebral Herniation Post-Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients.

Background: Cerebral hernia is a serious complication after thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study aims to explore the predictive value of emergency preoperative plasma D-dimer levels in cerebral herniation after successful thrombectomy.

Methods: Between January 2019 and December 2023, patients with AIS who received a successful thrombectomy in our single comprehensive stroke center were retrospectively enrolled.

Mast cell activation by NGF drives the formation of trauma-induced heterotopic ossification.

Soft tissue trauma can cause immune system disturbance and neuropathological invasion, resulting in heterotopic ossification (HO) due to aberrant chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the molecular mechanisms behind the interaction between the immune and nervous systems in promoting HO pathogenesis are unclear. In this study, we found that mast cell-specific deletion attenuated localized tissue inflammation, with marked inhibition of HO endochondral osteogenesis.

Correlations between propofol concentration in exhaled breath and BIS in patients undergoing thyroid surgery.

Several clinical studies have reported promising correlations between propofol concentration in exhaled breath (Ce-pro) and the bispectral index (BIS) in patients, suggesting the potential of exhaled propofol measurement as a non-invasive method for adjusting anesthesia depth. However, these studies are still in the validation phase of instrument effectiveness, often limited by small sample sizes or inappropriate instrument selection, and thus lack convincing results regarding these correlations. In this study, one hundred patients aged 18-65, undergoing elective thyroid surgery under general anesthesia were included.

Biomimetic Chlorosomes: Oxygen-Independent Photocatalytic Nanoreactors for Efficient Combination Photoimmunotherapy.

Photocatalytic therapy for hypoxic tumors often suffers from inefficiencies due to its dependence on oxygen and the risk of uncontrolled activation. Inspired by the oxygen-independent and precisely regulated photocatalytic functions of natural light-harvesting chlorosomes, chlorosome-mimetic nanoreactors, termed Ru-Chlos, are engineered by confining the aggregation of photosensitive ruthenium-polypyridyl-silane monomers. These Ru-Chlos exhibit markedly enhanced photocatalytic performance compared to their monomeric counterparts under acidic conditions, while notably bypassing the consumption of oxygen or hydrogen peroxide.

Phase 1 single-centre placebo- and etomidate-controlled study in healthy volunteers to assess safety, tolerability, clinical effects, and pharmacokinetics of intravenous methoxyethyl etomidate hydrochloride (ET-26).

Background: Methoxyethyl etomidate hydrochloride (ET-26) is a novel etomidate analogue. This is the first-in-human study of a bolus i.v.

Handwashing sinks as reservoirs of carbapenem-resistant in the intensive care unit: a prospective multicenter study.

Introduction: The extent to which sinks are contaminated by carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) in intensive care units (ICUs) and the association between these contaminated sinks and hospital-acquired CRAB infections during the non-cluster period remains largely unknown. Here, we performed a prospective multicenter study in 16 ICUs at 11 tertiary hospitals in Chengdu, China.

Methods: We sampled sinks, collected CRAB clinical isolates, and conducted whole-genome sequencing and analysis.

Understanding the Biological Basis of Polygenic Risk Scores and Disparities in Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive Genomic Analysis.

Objectives: For prostate cancer (PCa), hundreds of risk variants have been identified. It remains unknown whether the polygenic risk score (PRS) that combines the effects of these variants is also a sufficiently informative metric with relevance to the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis in prostate. We aimed to understand the biological basis of PRS and racial disparities in the cancer.

Failure of early neurological improvement can predict futile recanalization after successful interventional recanalization of anterior circulation tandem lesions.

Purpose: To explore whether the failure of early neurological improvement can predict futile recanalization after successful interventional recanalization of anterior circulation tandem lesions.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients who received successful interventional recanalization treatment of anterior circulation tandem lesions from January 2019 to November 2023. The failure of early neurological improvement is defined as a decrease of less than 4 points in NIHSS score compared to preoperative score at 24 h after surgery.

Npac Regulates Pre-mRNA Splicing in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells.

As a reader of tri-methylated lysine 36 on histone H3 (H3K36me3), Npac has been shown to have a significant role in gene transcription elongation. However, its potential implication in RNA splicing remains unknown. Here, we characterized the phenotypes of knockout in mES cells.

Mechanism of KMT2D-mediated epigenetic modification in IL-1β-induced nucleus pulposus cell degeneration.

Background: Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) is characterized by structural destruction accompanied by accelerated signs of aging. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of lysine methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D) in the proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) in IVDD.

Methods: Mouse-derived NPCs were cultured and induced with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) to establish cell models.

Geniposide ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic mice by targeting AGEs-RAGE-dependent inflammatory pathway.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus and the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in end-stage renal disease. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) plays a crucial role in mediating AGE-triggered inflammation, which has been implicated in DN pathogenesis. While geniposide, a natural compound, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic properties, its potential to mitigate AGE-induced renal inflammation and consequently impede DN progression remains unexplored.

Comparative Analysis of the Feasibility of Myocardial Blood Flow Index Versus CT-FFR in the Diagnosis of Suspected Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: Using fluid dynamic modeling, noninvasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) data provides better anatomic and functional information than CCTA, with a high diagnostic and discriminatory value for diagnosing hemodynamically significant lesions. Myocardial blood flow index (MBFI) based on CCTA is a physiological parameter that reflects myocardial ischemia. Thus, exploring the relationship between computed tomography derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) and MBFI could be clinically significant.

ST-SCSR: identifying spatial domains in spatial transcriptomics data via structure correlation and self-representation.

Recent advances in spatial transcriptomics (ST) enable measurements of transcriptome within intact biological tissues by preserving spatial information, offering biologists unprecedented opportunities to comprehensively understand tissue micro-environment, where spatial domains are basic units of tissues. Although great efforts are devoted to this issue, they still have many shortcomings, such as ignoring local information and relations of spatial domains, requiring alternatives to solve these problems. Here, a novel algorithm for spatial domain identification in Spatial Transcriptomics data with Structure Correlation and Self-Representation (ST-SCSR), which integrates local information, global information, and similarity of spatial domains.

A novel approach for automatic classification of macular degeneration OCT images.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are significant causes of blindness worldwide. The prevalence of these diseases is steadily increasing due to population aging. Therefore, early diagnosis and prevention are crucial for effective treatment.

Microglia Promote Lymphangiogenesis Around the Spinal Cord Through VEGF-C/VEGFR3-Dependent Autophagy and Polarization After Acute Spinal Cord Injury.

Reducing secondary injury is a key focus in the field of spinal cord injury (SCI). Recent studies have revealed the role of lymphangiogenesis in reducing secondary damage to central nerve. However, the mechanism of lymphangiogenesis is not yet clear.

ERK5 promotes autocrine expression to sustain mitogenic balance for cell fate specification in human pluripotent stem cells.

The homeostasis of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) requires the signaling balance of extracellular factors. Exogenous regulators from cell culture medium have been widely reported, but little attention has been paid to the autocrine factor from hPSCs themselves. In this report, we demonstrate that extracellular signal-related kinase 5 (ERK5) regulates endogenous autocrine factors essential for pluripotency and differentiation.

Intersection-union dual-stream cross-attention Lova-SwinUnet for skin cancer hair segmentation and image repair.

Skin cancer images have hair occlusion problems, which greatly affects the accuracy of diagnosis and classification. Current dermoscopic hair removal methods use segmentation networks to locate hairs, and then uses repair networks to perform image repair. However, it is difficult to segment hair and capture the overall structure between hairs because of the hair being thin, unclear, and similar in color to the entire image.

Semi-Supervised Graph Structure Learning via Dual Reinforcement of Label and Prior Structure.

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved considerable success in dealing with graph-structured data by the message-passing mechanism. Actually, this mechanism relies on a fundamental assumption that the graph structure along which information propagates is perfect. However, the real-world graphs are inevitably incomplete or noisy, which violates the assumption, thus resulting in limited performance.