Erythropoietin alleviates astrocyte pyroptosis by targeting the miR-325-3p/Gsdmd axis in rat spinal cord injury.

Background: Neuroinflammation plays an important role in spinal cord injury (SCI), and an increasing number of studies have focused on the role of astrocytes in neuroinflammation. Pyroptosis is an inflammation-related form of programmed cell death, and neuroinflammation induced by astrocytes in the form of pyroptosis has been widely reported in many central nervous system diseases. Recent studies have found that erythropoietin has significant anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in SCI; however, it has not been reported whether erythropoietin can reduce neuroinflammation by inhibiting neural cell pyroptosis in SCI.

Identification of canonical pyroptosis-related genes, associated regulation axis, and related traditional Chinese medicine in spinal cord injury.

Neuroinflammation plays an important role in spinal cord injury (SCI), and pyroptosis is inflammatory-related programmed cell death. Although neuroinflammation induced by pyroptosis has been reported in SCI, there is a lack of systematic research on SCI pyroptosis and its regulation mechanism. The purpose of this study was to systematically analyze the expression of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in different SCI models and associated regulation axis by bioinformatics methods.

Erythropoietin inhibits ferroptosis and ameliorates neurological function after spinal cord injury.

Ferroptosis is one of the critical pathological events in spinal cord injury. Erythropoietin has been reported to improve the recovery of spinal cord injury. However, whether ferroptosis is involved in the neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin on spinal cord injury has not been examined.

TNF-α up-regulates Nanog by activating NF-κB pathway to induce primary rat spinal cord astrocytes dedifferentiation.

Aims: Astrocytes re-acquire stem cell potential upon inflammation, thereby becoming a promising source of cells for regenerative medicine. Nanog is an essential transcription factor to maintain the characteristics of stem cells. We aimed to investigate the role of Nanog in astrocyte dedifferentiation.

The CRD of Frizzled 7 exhibits chondroprotective effects in osteoarthritis via inhibition of the canonical Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease without effective drugs. Frizzled 7 (FzD7) binds its ligand Wnt3a through an extracellular cysteine-rich domain (CRD) to transduce the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which has been strongly implicated in OA pathogenesis. Effects of recombinant protein of FzD7 CRD on Wnt/β-catenin signaling and chondral destruction was evaluated in this study.

Parallel comparison of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from the surgically removed hyperplastic synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients.

Background: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are essential cellular components in inflammatory joint diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Despite the growing use of FLS isolated from OA and RA patients, a detailed functional and parallel comparison of FLS from these two types of arthritis has not been performed.

Methods: In the present study, FLS were isolated from surgically removed synovial tissues from twenty-two patients with OA and RA to evaluate their basic cellular functions.

Dopamine delays articular cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis by negative regulation of the NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways.

Background: The progressive loss of cartilage matrix and the breakdown of articular cartilage induced by inflammation play an essential role in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. Dopamine (DA) is a critical neurotransmitter that is not only involved in controlling exercise, emotion, cognition and neuroendocrine activity but also has anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of DA on OA in vitro and in vivo.

Knockdown of SGK1 alleviates the IL-1β-induced chondrocyte anabolic and catabolic imbalance by activating FoxO1-mediated autophagy in human chondrocytes.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of articular cartilage with no effective treatment methods available. Cartilage degeneration is closely related to an anabolic and catabolic imbalance in chondrocytes, and accumulating evidence has revealed that autophagy is a crucial protective mechanism that maintains the balance of anabolic and catabolic activities. Therefore, studies aiming to identify additional genes that regulate autophagy as a promising therapeutic strategy for OA are needed.

Angiopoietin-like 2 upregulation promotes human chondrocyte injury via NF-κB and p38/MAPK signaling pathway.

Several cellular and molecular processes participate in the pathologic changes of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the core molecular regulators of these processes are unclear, and no effective treatment for OA disease has been developed so far. ANGPTL2 is well known for its tissue remolding and pro-inflammation properties.

ACY-1215 exhibits anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes via inhibition of STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Cartilage degeneration is a basic pathological feature of osteoarthritis (OA), and there is growing evidence that it is associated with inflammation. ACY-1215, a selective HDAC6 inhibitor, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects of ACY-1215 in IL-1β-stimulated human primary chondrocytes and C28/I2 cells.