VRK2 inhibits the replication of infectious bursal disease virus by phosphorylating RACK1 and suppressing apoptosis.

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an acute, highly contagious, and immunosuppressive avian disease caused by the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Despite significant efforts, the lack of knowledge about host proteins that counteract IBDV replication has hindered progress in preventing and controlling IBD in chickens. This study identifies the mitochondria-associated protein vaccinia virus-related kinase 2 (VRK2) as an inhibitor of IBDV.

Preparation and exploration of anti-tumor activity of Poria cocos polysaccharide gold nanorods.

With the continuous advancement of nanotechnology, the application of gold nanorods (AuNRs) functionalized with polysaccharides in the realm of cancer photothermal therapy is garnering increasing attention. To harness photothermal therapy for cancer treatment, FLP-MPBA-AuNRs were successfully synthesized in this study for the first time, utilizing Poria cocos polysaccharides (FLP), mercaptophenylboronic acid (MPBA), and gold nanorods (AuNRs). FLP-MPBA-AuNRs are a nanomaterial characterized by a unique rod-shaped structure, featuring a long diameter of 29.

Lentinan-based pH-responsive nanoparticles achieve the combination therapy of tumors.

Cancer poses a significant threat to human health, and there is an urgent need for more effective treatments. Combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy is an effective strategy to enhance curative outcomes and holds great potential for widespread application. The natural phytochemical genistein (GEN) exhibits cytotoxicity against tumors and is a potential chemotherapeutic agent.

VP3 protein of Senecavirus A promotes viral IRES-driven translation and attenuates innate immunity by specifically relocalizing hnRNPA2B1.

Unlabelled: Viruses deploy sophisticated strategies to hijack the host's translation machinery to favor viral protein synthesis and counteract innate cellular defenses. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which Senecavirus A (SVA) controls the host's translation. Using a series of sophisticated molecular cell manipulation techniques, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1) was identified as an essential host factor involved in translation control in SVA-infected cells.

Identification and Characterization of a Novel B Cell Epitope of ASFV Virulence Protein B125R Monoclonal Antibody.

The African swine fever virus (ASFV) is an ancient, structurally complex, double-stranded DNA virus that causes African swine fever. Since its discovery in Kenya and Africa in 1921, no effective vaccine or antiviral strategy has been developed. Therefore, the selection of more suitable vaccines or antiviral targets is the top priority to solve the African swine fever virus problem.

Preparation and epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies against African swine fever virus p22 protein.

African swine fever (ASF), caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), is now widespread in many countries and severely affects the commercial rearing of swine. Rapid and early diagnosis is crucial for the prevention of ASF. ASFV mature virions comprise the inner envelope protein, p22, making it an excellent candidate for the serological diagnosis and surveillance of ASF.

Chromatin architecture of two different strains of Artemisia annua reveals the alterations in interaction and gene expression.

The hierarchical architecture of chromatins affects the gene expression level of glandular secreting trichomes and the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway-related genes, consequently bringing on huge differences in the content of artemisinin and its derivatives of A. annua. The plant of traditional Chinese medicine "Qinghao" is called Artemisia annua L.

The African swine fever virus I10L protein inhibits the NF-B signaling pathway by targeting IKK.

Proinflammatory factors play important roles in the pathogenesis of African swine fever virus (ASFV), which is the causative agent of African swine fever (ASF), a highly contagious and severe hemorrhagic disease. Efforts in the prevention and treatment of ASF have been severely hindered by knowledge gaps in viral proteins responsible for modulating host antiviral responses. In this study, we identified the I10L protein (pI10L) of ASFV as a potential inhibitor of the TNF-- and IL-1-triggered NF-B signaling pathway, the most canonical and important part of host inflammatory responses.

Phase and Structure Evolution of Dysprosium Carbonate during Hydrothermal Processes in Dy-NH-CO System.

Rare earth carbonates play a significant role in preparing rare earth oxides. This study examines the structure and composition of amorphous dysprosium carbonate (ADC) precursors produced through chemical precipitation. Next, how the amorphous phase changed throughout the hydrothermal process is analyzed.

Modulation of Host Antiviral Innate Immunity by African Swine Fever Virus: A Review.

African swine fever (ASF), caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a highly contagious and fatal disease found in swine. However, the viral proteins and mechanisms responsible for immune evasion are poorly understood, which has severely hindered the development of vaccines. This review mainly focuses on studies involving the innate antiviral immune response of the host and summarizes the latest studies on ASFV genes involved in interferon (IFN) signaling and inflammatory responses.

MAPK8IP2 is a potential prognostic biomarker and promote tumor progression in prostate cancer.

Background: MAPK8IP2 is one of the JNK-interacting proteins (JIPs) family members, and is involved in the regulation of the JNK and P38 MAPK signaling pathways. MAPK8IP2 has been reported to be closely associated with several cancers. However, the biological function of MAPK8IP2 in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear.

Endocytosis triggers V-ATPase-SYK-mediated priming of cGAS activation and innate immune response.

The current view of nucleic acid-mediated innate immunity is that binding of intracellular sensors to nucleic acids is sufficient for their activation. Here, we report that endocytosis of virus or foreign DNA initiates a priming signal for the DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-mediated innate immune response. Mechanistically, viral infection or foreign DNA transfection triggers recruitment of the spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and cGAS to the endosomal vacuolar H pump (V-ATPase), where SYK is activated and then phosphorylates human cGAS (mouse cGas) to prime its activation.

The slope associated with nadir prostate-specific antigen is prognostically significant in men with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer after primary androgen deprivation therapy.

Background: Prognostic indicators based on the initial prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, nadir PSA, and time to PSA nadir were calculated to evaluate prognosis after primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT), as these have been reported in very few studies. We attempted to evaluate the prognostic role of the slope associated with nadir PSA in patients treated with PADT.

Methods: A total of 107 patients who were treated with PADT from 2015 to 2019 were reviewed.

Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Analysis of Gene Family in L.

Lipoxygenase (LOX) is a ubiquitous oxygenase found in animals and plants and plays a pivotal role in diverse biological processes, including defense and development. Artemisinin, which can only be obtained from L., is the most effective therapeutic drug for malaria without serious side effects.

Licorice Germplasm Resources Identification Using DNA Barcodes Inner-Variants.

Based on the gradual transformation from wild growth to artificial cultivation, the accurate authentication of licorice seeds contributes to the first committed step of its quality control and is pivotal to ensure the clinical efficacy of licorice. However, it is still challenging to obtain genetically stable licorice germplasm resources due to the multi-source, multi-heterozygous, polyploid, and hybrid characteristics of licorice seeds. Here, a new method for determining the heterozygosity of licorice seed mixture, based on the various sites, and finding the composition characteristics of licorice seed is preliminarily designed and proposed.

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Herbich.

Herbich is one of 17 species of in China, and it is often used as an ornamental plant. The chloroplast genome size of Herbich is 150,995 bp, including a large single-copy region (82,771 bp), a small single-copy region (18,308 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats regions (24,958 bp). Total 112 genes were annotated, including 79 protein-coding genes, four ribosomal RNA genes, and 29 transfer RNA genes.

VRK2 is involved in the innate antiviral response by promoting mitostress-induced mtDNA release.

Mitochondrial stress (mitostress) triggered by viral infection or mitochondrial dysfunction causes the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytosol and activates the cGAS-mediated innate immune response. The regulation of mtDNA release upon mitostress remains uncharacterized. Here, we identified mitochondria-associated vaccinia virus-related kinase 2 (VRK2) as a key regulator of this process.

Computer-aided diagnosis of colorectal polyps using linked color imaging colonoscopy to predict histology.

We developed a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system based on linked color imaging (LCI) images to predict the histological results of polyps by analyzing the colors of the lesions. A total of 139 images of adenomatous polyps and 69 images of non-adenomatous polyps obtained from our hospital were collected and used to train the CAD system. A test set of LCI images, including both adenomatous and non-adenomatous polyps, was prospectively collected from patients who underwent colonoscopies between Oct and Dec 2017; this test set was used to assess the diagnostic abilities of the CAD system compared to those of human endoscopists (two experts and two novices).

Virus-induced accumulation of intracellular bile acids activates the TGR5-β-arrestin-SRC axis to enable innate antiviral immunity.

The mechanisms on metabolic regulation of immune responses are still elusive. We show here that viral infection induces immediate-early NF-κB activation independent of viral nucleic acid-triggered signaling, which triggers a rapid transcriptional induction of bile acid (BA) transporter and rate-limiting biosynthesis enzymes as well as accumulation of intracellular BAs in divergent cell types. The accumulated intracellular BAs activate SRC kinase via the TGR5-GRK-β-arrestin axis, which mediates tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple antiviral signaling components including RIG-I, VISA/MAVS, MITA/STING, TBK1 and IRF3.

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 2, a Novel E2-Interacting Protein, Promotes the Growth of Classical Swine Fever Virus via Attenuation of the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway.

The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular regulated kinase (MEK1/2/ERK1/2) cascade is involved in the replication of several members of the family, including hepatitis C virus and dengue virus. The effects of the cascade on the replication of classical swine fever virus (CSFV), a fatal pestivirus of pigs, remain unknown. In this study, MEK2 was identified as a novel binding partner of the E2 protein of CSFV using yeast two-hybrid screening.

Structural insights into the counterion effects on the manganese(III) spin crossover system with hexadentate Schiff-base ligands.

A series of new salts [Mn(5-MeO-sal-N-1,5,8,12)]Y (Y = ClO4 for 1, Y = BF4 for 2, Y = NO3 for 3 and Y = CF3SO3 for 4) based on the six-coordinated mononuclear manganese(iii) Schiff-base complex cation [Mn(5-MeO-sal-N-1,5,8,12)](+), has been investigated to determine the impact of counter anion effects, intramolecular ligand distortion and intermolecular supramolecular structures on the spin crossover (SCO) behavior. The SCO in salt 1 has resulted in a crystallographic observation of the coexistence of high-spin (HS, S = 2) and low-spin (LS, S = 1) manganese(iii) complex cations in equal proportions around 100 K. At room temperature, the two crystallographically distinct manganese centers are both close to the complete HS state.

eEF1A Interacts with the NS5A Protein and Inhibits the Growth of Classical Swine Fever Virus.

The NS5A protein of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is involved in the RNA synthesis and viral replication. However, the NS5A-interacting cellular proteins engaged in the CSFV replication are poorly defined. Using yeast two-hybrid screen, the eukaryotic elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) was identified to be an NS5A-binding partner.

Thioredoxin 2 Is a Novel E2-Interacting Protein That Inhibits the Replication of Classical Swine Fever Virus.

Unlabelled: The E2 protein of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is an envelope glycoprotein that is involved in virus attachment and entry. To date, the E2-interacting cellular proteins and their involvement in viral replication have been poorly documented. In this study, thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) was identified to be a novel E2-interacting partner using yeast two-hybrid screening from a porcine macrophage cDNA library.