Comparative analysis of state-level policy responses in global health governance: A scoping review using COVID-19 as a case.

Background: States are key actors in global health governance, particularly in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. The emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases in recent decades pose profound challenges to global health security. As the first coronavirus pandemic, the COVID-19 caused significant damage worldwide, but responses and outcomes varied greatly among states.

Cost-utility analysis of duloxetine in osteoarthritis: from Chinese healthcare perspective.

Objectives: To estimate the cost-utility of duloxetine compared with that of a placebo, common traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) from a Chinese healthcare perspective.

Methods: A Markov model was constructed. The costs and utility inputs were obtained from the database and published literature.

Estimating the value of new antibiotic treatment strategies in Zhejiang province, China: cost-effectiveness analysis based on a validated dynamic model.

Objectives: This analysis aims to better reflect the value of new antibiotic treatment strategies, thereby informing clinical antibiotic use, antimicrobial reimbursement and/or hospital formulary decision-making in China.

Design: We adapted a published and validated dynamic disease transmission and cost-effectiveness model to evaluate the clinical and economic outcomes of introducing a new antibiotic, ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ-AVI) for treating resistant infections in Zhejiang province, China. Outcomes were assessed over a 10-year infectious period and an annual discount rate of 5%.

FLT3 Inhibitors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Challenges and Recent Developments in Overcoming Resistance.

Mutations in the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 () gene are often present in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with an incidence rate of approximately 30%. Recently, many FLT3 inhibitors have been developed and exhibit positive preclinical and clinical effects against AML. However, patients develop resistance soon after undergoing FLT3 inhibitor treatment, resulting in short durable responses and poor clinical effects.

Discovery of benzo[d]oxazole derivatives as the potent type-I FLT3-ITD inhibitors.

Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) has been considered as a potential drug target for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), because of its high and aberrant expression in AML patients, especially the patients with FLT3-ITD mutation. Initiating from a hit compound (IC: 500 nM against FLT3-ITD), a series of compounds were designed and synthesized based on benzo[d]oxazole-2-amine scaffold to discover new potent FLT3-ITD inhibitors. During the medicinal chemistry works, flexible molecular docking was used to provide design rationale and study the binding modes of the target compounds.