Roles of vaporization and thermal decomposition in the dynamic evolution of laser-induced bubble on the surface of a submerged metal plate.

This paper aims to explain when the vaporization or thermal decomposition prevails during laser-induced bubble growth and how they influence bubble morphology. Bubbles were generated by irradiating a 304 stainless steel plate submerged in degassed water using millisecond lasers with a pulse width of 0.4 ms and powers of 1.

Influence of Preheating on the Microstructure Evolution of Laser Re-Melting Thermal Barrier Coatings/Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloy Multilayer System.

Laser surface re-melting (LSR) is a well-known method to improve the properties of atmospheric plasma-spraying thermal barrier coatings (APS TBCs) by eliminating the voids, incompletely melted particles and layered-structure. Laser energy density should be carefully selected to reduce the exposed thermal damage of the underlying single crystal (SX) matrix. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to identify the effect of introducing induction heating to laser modifying of APS TBCs coated on Ni-based SX superalloy.

Transumbilical Single-Site Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Inversion and Ligation in Girls.

Objectives: The combination of transumbilical single-site laparoscopic inguinal hernia inversion and ligation is a new approach for girls. We have done 13 cases in our hospital since May 2013.

Materials And Methods: Thirteen girls with inguinal hernia, from 6 months to 10 years of age, were treated with transumbilical single-site laparoscopy.