Comparison of BMI, triponderal mass index and paediatric body adiposity index for predicting body fat and screening obesity in preschool children.

Several novel anthropometric indices, including paediatric body adiposity index (BAIp) and triponderal mass index (TMI), have emerged as potential tools for estimating body fat in preschool children. However, their comparative validity and accuracy, particularly when compared with established indicators such as BMI, have not been thoroughly investigated. This cross-sectional study enrolled 2869 preschoolers aged 3-6 years in Wuhan, China.

Contribution of greenness, air pollution, and residential food environment to excess gestational weight gain: A cross-sectional study in Wuhan, China.

Objectives: Our goal was to explore how greenness, air pollution, and residential food environment were linked to excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG), and to estimate their combined effects on this condition.

Method: This cross-sectional analysis included 51,507 pregnant women from the Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Management Information System between 2016 and 2019. Generalized linear mixed regression models were employed to explore the relationships between greenness, air pollution, residential food environmental exposure, and EGWG; and the combined effects were further estimated by cluster analysis and principal components analysis.

Nanoconfinement steers nonradical pathway transition in single atom fenton-like catalysis for improving oxidant utilization.

The introduction of single-atom catalysts (SACs) into Fenton-like oxidation promises ultrafast water pollutant elimination, but the limited access to pollutants and oxidant by surface catalytic sites and the intensive oxidant consumption still severely restrict the decontamination performance. While nanoconfinement of SACs allows drastically enhanced decontamination reaction kinetics, the detailed regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we unveil that, apart from local enrichment of reactants, the catalytic pathway shift is also an important cause for the reactivity enhancement of nanoconfined SACs.

Association of serum fatty acid pattern with depression in U.S. adults: analysis of NHANES 2011-2012.

Background: Exposure to different concentration levels of fatty acids (FAs) may have an impact on depression. However, previous studies using individual FAs may not reflect the performance of mixtures of various FAs, and the associations of FA patterns with depression remain unclear.

Methods: We conducted the cross-sectional analysis in 792 adults aged 18 and older with available serum FAs and depression screening data in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2012.

Ilexchinene, a new seco-ursane triterpenoid from the leaves of Ilex chinensis with therapeutic effect on neuroinflammation by attenuating the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: Neuroinflammation is a vital factor participating in the whole pathogenetic process of diverse neurodegenerative disorders, but accessible clinical drugs are still insufficient due to their inefficacy and side effects. Triterpenoids are reported to possess potential anti-neuroinflammatory activities, and the leaves of Ilex chinensis are a commonly used herbal medicine containing many ursane-type and oleanane-type triterpenoids. However, the novel triterpenoids from I.

A broadband yellow-green emitting mixed orthoborate-pyroborate phosphor, BaScBO:Ce, for white light emitting diodes.

The development of yellow-green phosphors for high quality white light emitting diodes (WLEDs) is critical. Herein, we successfully synthesized a mixed orthoborate-pyroborate phosphor, BaScBO:Ce, using a high-temperature solid-state method, which exhibits bright yellow-green emission with a peak located at 540 nm and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 130 nm under 410 nm light excitation. In addition, the crystal structure, morphology, and thermal quenching properties of BaScBO:Ce were investigated in detail.

Residential greenness and air pollution concerning excessive gestational weight gain during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study in Wuhan, China.

Background: Previous studies have indicated that exposure to residential greenness may benefit the health status of pregnant women, and air pollution may exert a mediating effect. Gestational weight gain (GWG) is an important indicator of pregnant women and fetuses' health and nutrition status. However, evidence concerning the impact of residential greenness on excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) is scarce, and to what extent air pollution in urban settings mediates this relationship remains unclear.

Electron delocalization triggers nonradical Fenton-like catalysis over spinel oxides.

Nonradical Fenton-like catalysis offers opportunities to overcome the low efficiency and secondary pollution limitations of existing advanced oxidation decontamination technologies, but realizing this on transition metal spinel oxide catalysts remains challenging due to insufficient understanding of their catalytic mechanisms. Here, we explore the origins of catalytic selectivity of Fe-Mn spinel oxide and identify electron delocalization of the surface metal active site as the key driver of its nonradical catalysis. Through fine-tuning the crystal geometry to trigger Fe-Mn superexchange interaction at the spinel octahedra, ZnFeMnO with high-degree electron delocalization of the Mn-O unit was created to enable near 100% nonradical activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) at unprecedented utilization efficiency.

Occupational stress and associated factors among general practitioners in China: a national cross-sectional study.

Background: Occupational stress among general practitioners (GPs) is a public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with occupational stress among GPs in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used.

Bidirectional Mendelian randomization to explore the causal relationships between Sleep traits, Parkinson's disease and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Objective: Sleep disturbances have been linked with Parkinson's disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in observational studies, and the comorbidity of PD and ALS has been reported in clinical case reports, but the causalities remain unclear. This study aims to examine bidirectional causal relationships between sleep traits, PD and ALS.

Methods: Bidirectional two sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses were conducted, with data from individuals of mainly European ancestry.

Prevalence and associated factors for workplace violence among general practitioners in China: a national cross-sectional study.

Background: General practitioners (GPs) were at risk of violence in their everyday working lives. Workplace violence (WPV) among GPs is a global public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with WPV among GPs in China.

Association of food groups with the risk of cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults.

Objective: To investigate the impact of 10 common foods (including staple foods, fruits, vegetables, sugar, meat, fish, eggs, beans, salt-preserved vegetables, and garlic) on cognitive function in Chinese older adults.

Methods: Cross-sectional data on demographic characteristics, lifestyle, and dietary habits were taken from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Cognition was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Prevalence of workplace violence against general practitioners: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Global Conference on Primary Health Care identified that promoting the primary healthcare system has become an important work. Workplace violence (WPV) against GPs is an important global problem. This study aimed to summarise the evidence on the prevalence of WPV against GPs.

Association between self-reported depression and risk of all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality.

Background: Depression is a prevalent and disabling mental disorder that frequently co-occurs with a wide range of chronic conditions. Past evidence suggests that depression could be associated with the all-cause mortality and other disease mortality in Western populations, but little is known about the relationship in the Chinese population. Therefore, we investigated the associations between self-reported depression and all-cause and specific-cause mortality in Chinese adult populations.

Cooking with biomass fuels and mortality among Chinese elderly people: A prospective cohort study.

This study used data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (n = 9765, age 65+) to investigate the impact of biomass fuels on the mortality of the Chinese elderly population. The association between biomass fuels and mortality was examined using a Cox proportional hazards model. We evaluated the difference in risk of death between those who switched fuel types from biomass to clean fuels and from clean to biomass fuels versus those who did not during the follow-up period.

Willingness to seek medical care for tuberculosis and associated factors among the elderly population in Shenzhen: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study was aimed to assess the willingness of elderly people to seek medical care for tuberculosis (TB) and the associated influencing factors.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting: A multistage random survey was conducted in Bao'an District of Shenzhen in China.

Dose-response association of early-life antibiotic exposure and subsequent overweight or obesity in children: A meta-analysis of prospective studies.

The objective of this study is to investigate the dose-response relationship between antibiotic exposure in early life and the risk of subsequent overweight or obesity. Electronic databases were searched from inception to December 2020. Prospective studies that reported the odds ratios (ORs) of childhood overweight or obesity for three or more quantitative categories of antibiotic exposure were identified.

New triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of Ilex chinensis.

Eight new triterpenoid saponins, including four ursane-type saponins, ilexchinenosides J-M (1-4), and four oleanane-type saponins, ilexchinenosides N-Q (5-8), along with three known triterpenoid saponins (9-11) were isolated from the leaves of Ilex chinensis Sims. Their structures were established by 1D, 2D NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses and through comparisons with known compounds. Moreover, compounds 1, 3, 5, 7-9 and 11 exhibited significant levels of hepatoprotective activity against N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP)-induced HepG2 cell damage in in vitro assays while compound 10 had moderately inhibitory effects on the NO production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced murine macrophages.

Triterpenoids from the leaves of Ilex chinensis.

Eleven previously undescribed compounds including two triterpenes, ilexchinenin A and ilexchinenin B, and nine triterpenoid saponins, ilexchinenosides A-I, along with twelve known triterpenoids were isolated from the leaves of Ilex chinensis Sims (Aquifoliaceae). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with known compounds. Furthermore, eight compounds exhibited significant inhibitory effects on NO production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced murine macrophages, while nine compounds exhibited potent hepatoprotective activity against N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP)-induced HepG2 cell damage in in vitro assays.

A first-principles study of gas adsorption on germanene.

The adsorption of common gas molecules (N2, CO, CO2, H2O, NH3, NO, NO2, and O2) on germanene is studied with density functional theory. The results show that N2, CO, CO2, and H2O are physisorbed on germanene via van der Waals interactions, while NH3, NO, NO2, and O2 are chemisorbed on germanene via strong covalent (Ge-N or Ge-O) bonds. The chemisorption of gas molecules on germanene opens a band gap at the Dirac point of germanene.