G protein-coupled receptor 91 promotes the inflammatory response to in bone marrow-derived macrophages.

Macrophages are important for maintaining tissue homeostasis and defending against pathogens in periodontal tissues. However, these tissues are often vulnerable to damage due to local inflammatory responses within the host tissues. This study aimed to investigate the role of G protein-coupled receptor 91(GPR91) during the inflammatory response to () in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs).

G protein-coupled receptor 91 activations suppressed mineralization in Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected osteoblasts.

Succinate receptor GPR91 is one of the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that interacts with various proteins to regulate diverse cellular functions such as cell morphology, apoptosis, and differentiation. In this study, we investigated whether the GPR91-mediated signaling pathway regulates mineralization in Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis)-treated osteoblasts and to determine its potential role in osteoclast differentiation.

In vitro/In vivo Evaluations of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles with Different Geometry.

Purpose: Hydroxyapatite-based nanoparticles have found diverse applications in drug delivery, gene carriers, diagnostics, bioimaging and tissue engineering, owing to their ability to easily enter the bloodstream and target specific sites. However, there is limited understanding of the potential adverse effects and molecular mechanisms of these nanoparticles with varying geometries upon their entry into the bloodstream. Here, we used two commercially available hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs) with different geometries (less than 100 nm in size each) to investigate this issue.

Assessing the effects of air pollution and residential greenness on frailty in older adults: a prospective cohort study from China.

Many studies have established a correlation between air pollution and green space with age-related diseases, yet the relationship between air pollution, green space, and frailty among older adults is not fully understood. The primary objective of this investigation is to examine the longitudinal association among air pollution, green space, and frailty in older adults, as well as the potential interaction and mediating effect. Analyzed data were obtained from the multi-wave CLHLS investigation (2008-2018).

Association of a mixture of phthalates and phenols with frailty among middle-aged and older adults: A population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Frailty is a complex geriatric syndrome caused by degenerative changes in the body or various chronic diseases. The use of personal care and consumer products is associated with a wide range of health outcomes, but its relationship with frailty remains unknown. Therefore, our primary aim was to explore the potential links between exposure to phenols and phthalates, either separately or in combination, and frailty.

research of oral microscope-assisted implant surface decontamination.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of oral microscope-assisted surface decontamination on implants .

Methods: Twelve implants that fell off because of severe peri-implantitis were collected, and decontamination was carried out on the surfaces of implants through curetting, ultrasound, titanium brushing, and sandblasting at 1×, 8×, or 12.8× magnifications.

Associations of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with metabolic syndrome and its components among US adults: A cross-sectional study from NHANES.

Perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate are common endocrine disruptors. Herein, this study was undertaken to evaluate the associations between perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate exposures (alone or in combination) and risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among adults, which has not been explored so far. Analytical data were extracted from different datasets in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.

Association between screen time and developmental and behavioral problems among children in the United States: evidence from 2018 to 2020 NSCH.

Excessive digital media use has become the common phenomenon among children's lifestyle, and its influences on the plausible accompanying psychological and behavioral problems are gradually investigated. This study aimed to examine the association between screen time and developmental and behavioral problems of children in the United States (US). A secondary analysis based on the data from the 2018 to 2020 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) was conducted.

Hexokinase 2-mediated glycolysis supports inflammatory responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in gingival fibroblasts.

Background: When infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis, gingival fibroblasts undergo metabolic reprogramming, and rely on aerobic glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation for rapid energy replenishment. Hexokinases (HKs) are catalysts for glucose metabolism, and HK2 constitutes the major HK inducible isoform. The objective of this study is to determine whether HK2-mediated glycolysis promotes inflammatory responses in inflamed gingiva.

Ocular Drug Delivery: Advancements and Innovations.

Ocular drug delivery has been significantly advanced for not only pharmaceutical compounds, such as steroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, immune modulators, antibiotics, and so forth, but also for the rapidly progressed gene therapy products. For conventional non-gene therapy drugs, appropriate surgical approaches and releasing systems are the main deliberation to achieve adequate treatment outcomes, whereas the scope of "drug delivery" for gene therapy drugs further expands to transgene construct optimization, vector selection, and vector engineering. The eye is the particularly well-suited organ as the gene therapy target, owing to multiple advantages.

Cinnamic acid hybrids as anticancer agents: A mini-review.

Cancer, as a long-lasting and dramatic disease, affects almost one-third of human beings globally. Chemotherapeutics play an important role in cancer treatment, but multidrug resistance and severe adverse effects have already become the main causes of failure in tumor chemotherapy. Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop novel chemotherapeutics.

Benzimidazole hybrids as anticancer drugs: An updated review on anticancer properties, structure-activity relationship, and mechanisms of action (2019-2021).

Cancer, characterized by a deregulation of the cell cycle which mainly results in a progressive loss of cellular differentiation and uncontrolled cellular growth, remains a prominent cause of death across the world. Almost all currently available anticancer agents used in clinical practice have developed multidrug resistance, creating an urgent need to develop novel chemotherapeutics. Benzimidazole derivatives could exert anticancer properties through diverse mechanisms, inclusive of the disruption of microtubule polymerization, the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle (G2/M) arrest, antiangiogenesis, and blockage of glucose transport.

Efficacious, safe, and stable inhibition of corneal neovascularization by AAV-vectored anti-VEGF therapeutics.

Corneal neovascularization (CoNV) leads to visual impairment, affecting over 1.4 million people in the United States per year. It is caused by a variety of pathologies, such as inflammation, hypoxia, and limbal barrier dysfunction.

Periodontal treatment of furcation involvement at the mandibular first molar with a follow-up of 27 years.

Due to the complicated anatomical structures in the furcation area of multirooted mandibular first molars, dental hygiene is greatly compromised once the furcation is involved in the periodontitis, leading to the unfavorable prognosis of teeth with furcation involvement. A patient came to a dental office with the chief complaint of "mobile mandibular posterior tooth" 27 years ago. The periapical film showed alveolar bone resorption at the root furcation of the right mandibular first molar.

Gingival fibroblasts dynamically reprogram cellular metabolism during infection of Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to explore the sequential changes in the cellular metabolism in gingival fibroblasts (GFs) in response toPorphyromonas gingvalis (P. gingivalis) ATCC33277 infection.

Design: GFs were treated withP.

COVID-19: the novel coronavirus disease and its manifestations and management in ophthalmology.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a newly identified acute respiratory disease caused by a strain of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has become a worldwide pandemic. From December 2019 to present, millions of cases have been reported, bringing unprecedented pressure on both health and epidemic prevention services in every country. As frontline healthcare workers, ophthalmologists face an increased threat of viral infection, not only because of close contact with patients during examinations or operations, but also due to evidence showing that ocular fluids such as tears or conjunctival secretions may carry the virus.

Porphyromonas gingivalis triggers inflammatory responses in periodontal ligament cells by succinate-succinate dehydrogenase-HIF-1α axis.

Metabolic reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis and sepsis. Whether metabolic reprogramming participates in the progression of bacteriogenic periodontitis has never been reported. In the present study, we explored metabolic changes in periodontal ligament cells (PDLSCs) in response to Porphyromonas gingivalis.

HMGB1 and Caveolin-1 related to RPE cell senescence in age-related macular degeneration.

Accumulation of lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is considered a major cause of RPE dysfunction and senescence in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and -retinylidene--retinylethanolamine (A2E) is the main fluorophore identified in lipofuscin from aged human eyes. Here, human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-RPE was generated from healthy individuals to reveal proteomic changes associated with A2E-related RPE cell senescence. A novel RPE cell senescence-related protein, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), was identified based on proteomic mass spectrometry measurements on iPSC-RPE with A2E treatment.

A novel in situ bone elevation method to achieve vertical periodontal augmentation in dogs: A pilot study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a novel in situ interdental bone elevation method could achieve vertical bone augmentation around natural teeth.

Methods: Horizontal periodontal bone defects were created at nine quadrants of mandibles in five dogs. Six weeks later, one of the nine quadrants was randomly chosen as the model control.

Dual-Color imaging of nuclear division and mitotic spindle elongation in live cells of Aspergillus nidulans.

We have developed a dual-color imaging system based on cyan fluorescent protein-labeled histone H2A and green fluorescent protein-labeled alpha tubulin to visualize DNA and spindles simultaneously in the same living cell of Aspergillus nidulans. This system allows new details of mitosis and nuclear movement to be revealed.