Intelligent Robot Interventions for People With Dementia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: The application of intelligent robots in therapy is becoming more and more important for people with dementia. More extensive research is still needed to evaluate its impact on behavioral and psychological dementia symptoms, as well as quality of life in different care settings.

Objective: The purpose of this research is to methodically assess how well intelligence robot interventions work for patients with dementia.

The effects of intermittent fasting on anthropometric indices, glycemic profile, chemotherapy-related toxicity, and subjective perception in gynecological and breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Mounting evidence supports the health benefits of intermittent fasting (IF) in general. This study evaluates its impact on patients with gynecological or breast cancer specifically.

Methods: A thorough search for studies comparing IF with either nonintervention diets or calorie restriction (CR) in patients with either gynecological or breast cancer and published prior to October 5, 2024 was carried out on the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Chinese Biomedical Literature databases (CBM).

Exploring the Associations of Obesity and Glycemic Traits with Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Univariate and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study.

Purpose: To explore the genetic links between obesity, glycemic traits and retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: Summary-level statistics for obesity and glycemic traits were extracted from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of European participants in the IEU Open GWAS database. Genetic associations with clinically diagnosed RVO were obtained from the FinnGenresearch project (372 cases and 182,573 controls).

Tailoring the Surface Curvature of the Supporting Carbon to Tune the d-Band Center of Fe-N-C Single-Atom Catalysts for Zinc-Urea-Air Batteries.

The catalytic activities of the Fe-N-C single-atom catalysts (SACs) are associated with the varying atomic interactions through its characteristic coordination geometry. Yet, modulation of the surface curvature of carbon acting as a supporting body has not been investigated. Herein, we report the superior catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and enhanced performance for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) of single Fe atoms anchored on a highly curved N-doped carbon dodecahedron with concave morphology (Fe SA/NhcC).

The Role of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from MicroRNA-146a-modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Modulating Inflammation in Experimental Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis.

Glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GOA) is characterized by chronic inflammation leading to joint damage. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising therapies because of their immunomodulatory functions. The anti-inflammatory effects of EVs from human Adipose-derived MSCs (hADSCs) overexpressing microRNA (miR)-146a were investigated in experimental GOA in this study.

Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity Evaluation of Novel Triazole Thione/Thioether Derivatives Containing a Pyridylpyrazole Moiety.

Compounds containing N-pyridylpyrazole motif have aroused interest and brought about research hotspots due to their highly-efficient insecticidal activity. The fungicidal potential of N-pyridylpyrazole derivatives has gradually been disclosed in recent years. To discover new agrochemicals with poly-heterocyclic features, a series of novel triazole thione/thioether derivatives containing pyridylpyrazole motif (8-11) was synthesized.

Efficacy and Safety of Automated Insulin Delivery Systems in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Backgruound: Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems studies are upsurging, half of which were published in the last 5 years. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of AID systems in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.

Electronic Health Interventions and Cervical Cancer Screening: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Cervical cancer is a significant cause of mortality in women. Although screening has reduced cervical cancer mortality, screening rates remain suboptimal. Electronic health interventions emerge as promising strategies to effectively tackle this issue.

Curcumin is an efficacious therapeutic agent against Chilodonella uncinata via interaction with tubulin alpha chain as protein target.

Chilodonella, a parasitic ciliate that infects both cold water and warm water fish, can impede the growth of juvenile fish and cause considerable economic losses globally to freshwater aquaculture. In this study, the parasite was collected from both the gills and zygotes of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Isolated from diseased fish, the parasites were identified as Chilodonella uncinata based on morphological features and genetical diagnostic characterization using the partial small subunit ribosomal RNA gene.

Direct Electrolysis of Municipal Reclaimed Water for Efficient Hydrogen Production Using a Bifunctional Non-Noble-Metal Catalyst.

Water electrolysis for green H production traditionally requires a stable supply of renewable electricity and pure water. However, spatial separation of renewables and water resources as well as water scarcity per capita in China necessitate unconventional water resources for electrolysis. Reclaimed water produced from municipal wastewater treatment plants is widely distributed with quality improved significantly in recent years, which may be a promising alternative to feedstock.

Gene Duplication and Functional Diversification of MADS-Box Genes in following WGD: Implications for Fruit Type and Floral Organ Evolution.

The evolution of the MADS-box gene family is essential for the rapid differentiation of floral organs and fruit types in angiosperms. Two key processes drive the evolution of gene families: gene duplication and functional differentiation. Duplicated copies provide the material for variation, while advantageous mutations can confer new functions on gene copies.

Radionuclide therapy of bevacizumab-based PNA-mediated pretargeting.

Background: The radionuclide-labeled bevacizumab (BV) is a potential therapeutic approach for vascular endothelial growth factor overexpressed tumors. Because of its large molecular weight, BV is cleared slowly in vivo , which caused damage to healthy tissues and organs. On account of this situation, using the pretargeting strategy with DNA/RNA analogs, such as peptide nucleic acid (PNA), is an effective way of treating solid tumors.

Novel Insecticidal Butenolide-Containing Methylxanthine Derivatives: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Biological Activity Evaluation, DFT Calculation and Molecular Docking.

The design of novel agrochemicals starting from bioactive natural products is one of the most effective ways in the discovery and development of new pesticidal agents. In this paper, a series of novel butenolide-containing methylxanthine derivatives (Ia-Ir) were designed based on natural methylxanthine caffeine and stemofoline, and the derivatized insecticide flupyradifurone of the latter. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed via H-NMR, C NMR, HRMS and X-ray single crystal diffraction analyses.

The Mechanism of Ovule Abortion in Self-Pollinated 'Hanfu' Apple Fruits and Related Gene Screening.

Apples exhibit S-RNase-mediated self-incompatibility and typically require cross-pollination in nature. 'Hanfu' is a cultivar that produces abundant fruit after self-pollination, although it also shows a high rate of seed abortion afterwards, which greatly reduces fruit quality. In this study, we investigated the ovule development process and the mechanism of ovule abortion in apples after self-pollination.

Experimental recognition of vortex beams in oceanic turbulence combining the Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm and convolutional neural network.

In underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC), vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) can improve channel capacity but are vulnerable to oceanic turbulence (OT), leading to recognition errors. To mitigate this issue, we propose what we believe to be a novel method that combines the Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm-based recovery with convolutional neural network (CNN)-based recognition (GS-CNN). Our experimental results demonstrate that superposed Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams with small topological charge are ideal information carriers, and the GS-CNN remains effective even when OT strength 2 is high up to 10 .

Oxygen Reduction Kinetics of Fe-N-C Single Atom Catalysts Boosted by Pyridinic N Vacancy for Temperature-Adaptive Zn-Air Batteries.

The design of temperature-adaptive Zn-air batteries (ZABs) with long life spans and high energy efficiencies is challenging owing to sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics and an unstable Zn/electrolyte interface. Herein, a quasi-solid-state ZAB is designed by combining atomically dispersed Fe-N-C catalysts containing pyridinic N vacancies (FeNC-V) with a polarized organo-hydrogel electrolyte. First-principles calculation predicts that adjacent V sites effectively enhance the covalency of Fe-N moieties and moderately weaken *OH binding energies, significantly boosting the ORR kinetics and stability.

Mitochondria-mediated ferroptosis contributes to the inflammatory responses of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) .

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae and includes two biotypes in cell culture: cytopathic (CP) or non-cytopathic (NCP) effects. Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of programmed cell death that contributes to inflammatory diseases. However, whether BVDV induces ferroptosis and the role of ferroptosis in viral infection remain unclear.

Synthesis and Biological Activity Evaluation of Novel Chalcone Analogues Containing a Methylxanthine Moiety and Their -Acyl Pyrazoline Derivatives.

On the basis of the structures of natural methylxanthines and chalcone, a series of novel chalcone analogues containing a methylxanthine moiety, -, and their -acyl pyrazoline derivatives - and - were synthesized and identified through melting points, H NMR, C NMR, and HRMS. The single crystal of compound was obtained, which further illustrated the structural characteristics of the methylxanthine-acylpyrazoline compounds. The biological tests showed that some of them displayed favorable insecticidal activities toward L.

Association between meteorological factors and varicella incidence: a multicity study in Yunnan Province, China.

This multicenter study aimed to investigate the relationship between varicella incidence and meteorological factors including mean temperature, relative humidity, sunshine duration, diurnal temperature difference, wind speed, and rainfall, as previous studies have produced varying results. Our study also sought to identify potential sources of heterogeneity. Data on reported daily varicella numbers and meteorological factors were collected for 14 cities in Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2021.

Better efficacy of triple antibiotics therapy for human brucellosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The treatment of brucellosis suffers from a high recurrence rate and drug resistance. Our study researched the differences in efficacy and side effects between triple antibiotics therapy and dual antibiotics therapy in the treatment of brucellosis through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched 4 English electronic databases and 2 Chinese electronic databases for randomized controlled trials and cohort studies published through September 2022 on the use of triple antibiotics versus dual antibiotics in the treatment of brucellosis.

Dynamic Anti-Icing Performance of Flexible Hybrid Superhydropohobic Surfaces.

Normal superhydrophobic surfaces with a rough topography provide pocketed air at the solid-liquid interface, which guides the droplet to easily detach from the surface at room temperature. However, at low temperatures, this function attenuates obviously. In this research, a flexible hybrid topography with submillimeter (sub-mm) and microcone arrays is designed to adjust the impacting behavior of the droplet.

M-Denoiser: Unsupervised image denoising for real-world optical and electron microscopy data.

Real-world microscopy data have a large amount of noise due to the limited light/electron that can be used to capture images. The noise of microscopy data is composed of signal-dependent shot noise and signal-independent read noise, and the Poisson-Gaussian noise model is usually used to describe the noise distribution. Meanwhile, the noise is spatially correlated because of the data acquisition process.