The role of cGAS-STING signaling pathway in ferroptosis.

The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway has been identified as a crucial mechanism in antiviral defense and innate immunity pathway. Ferroptosis, characterized by iron dependence and lipid peroxidation, represents a specialized form of cell death. A burgeoning collection of studies has demonstrated that the cGAS-STING signaling pathway participates in the homeostatic regulation of the organism by modulating ferroptosis-associated enzyme activity or gene expression.

Caffeine alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and depression through regulating p-AKT and NF-κB.

Caffeine, a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist, is the major component of coffee and the most consumed psychostimulant at nontoxic doses in the world. It has been identified that caffeine consumption reduces the risk of several neurological diseases. However, the mechanisms by which it impacts the pathophysiology of neurological diseases remain to be elucidated.

ALKBH4 impedes 5-FU Sensitivity through suppressing GSDME induced pyroptosis in gastric cancer.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the primary treatment option for advanced gastric cancer. However, the current challenge lies in the absence of validated biomarkers to accurately predict the efficacy and sensitivity of 5-FU in individual patients. It has been confirmed that 5-FU can regulate tumor progression by promoting gasdermin E (GSDME, encoded by DFNA5) cleavage to induce pyroptosis.

Isorhapontigenin inhibition of basal muscle-invasive bladder cancer attributed to its downregulation of SNHG1 and DNMT3b.

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is among the most prevalent malignant urothelial tumors globally, yet the prognosis for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) remains dismal, with a very poor 5-year survival rate. Consequently, identifying more effective and less toxic chemotherapeutic alternatives is critical for enhancing clinical outcomes for BC patients. Isorhapontigenin (ISO), a novel stilbene isolated from a Gnetum found in certain provinces of China, has shown potential as an anticancer agent due to its diverse anticancer activities.

Study on the clinical value of Vitamin D in recurrent spontaneous abortion: Revisiting the Importance of Vitamin D.

Objective: This study explores the possible pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) caused by vitamin D (VD), provides evidence-based bases for prevention and treatment of RSA, improves female reproductive health.

Methods: This study randomly selected 305 patients without spontaneous abortion (SA0), 216 patients with a spontaneous abortion (SA1) and 200 patients with RSA from 1421 women of childbearing age who visited the RSA specialty clinic of Hangzhou First People's Hospital from January 2021 to June 2023 to conduct a prospective clinical study. Then, we collected the data of clinical diagnosis and treatment, conducted intervention and follow-up, and finally executed statistical analysis.

Regulation of tumor metastasis and CD8 T cells infiltration by circRNF216/miR-576-5p/ZC3H12C axis in colorectal cancer.

Background: The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is an important regulator of tumor progression, growth and metastasis. In addition, tumor metastasis is one of the principal obstacles to the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been recognized as important regulators in the development of malignancies.

Mechanisms of the Formation of Nonvolatile and Volatile Oxidation Products from Methyl Linoleic Acid at High Temperatures.

The impact of the oxidation of linoleic acid cannot be overlooked in daily food consumption. This study used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify both nonvolatile oxidation products and volatile oxidation products of methyl linoleic acid at 180 °C and density function theory to investigate oxidation mechanisms. An analysis of nonvolatile oxidation products revealed the presence of three primary oxidation products.

How hypoxia affects microbiota metabolism in mice.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between gut microbiota and the fecal metabolites of hypoxic environments in mice.

Methods: High-fat diet-induced obese mice ( = 20) and normal diet-fed mice ( = 20) were randomly divided into four groups: high altitude obese group (HOB), high altitude normal weight group (HN), low altitude obese group LOB (LOB), and low altitude normal weight group (LN). Fecal samples from each group were 16S rRNA gene sequenced, and five samples from each of the four groups above were selected for non-targeted fecal metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

HPV E7-drived ALKBH5 promotes cervical cancer progression by modulating m6A modification of PAK5.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a causative agent of cervical cancer (CC). N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is implicated in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. However, the involvement of m6A modification in HPV-involved CC remains unclear.

Identification of a lipid metabolism-related gene for cancer immunotherapy.

Tumors frequently evade immune surveillance through multiple pathways to escape T cell recognition and destruction. Previous studies indicated that lipid metabolism alteration could affect the anti-tumor immunity of cancer cells. Nonetheless, the studies that investigated lipid metabolism-related gene for cancer immunotherapy are still few.

COPS6 promotes tumor progression and reduces CD8 T cell infiltration by repressing IL-6 production to facilitate tumor immune evasion in breast cancer.

Due to poor T cell infiltration, tumors evade immune surveillance. Increased CD8 T cell infiltration in breast cancer suggests a satisfactory response to immunotherapy. COPS6 has been identified as an oncogene, but its role in regulating antitumor immune responses has not been defined.

Analysis of the gut microbiome in obese native Tibetan children living at different altitudes: A case-control study.

Objective: To explore the relationship between intestinal flora and obesity in Tibetan children at different altitudes.

Methods: Using16S rRNA gene sequencing results and blood lipid metabolism indexes to study the characteristics of the intestinal flora present in faeces and changes in blood lipid metabolism in obese children in Tibet who reside at different altitudes and to study correlations between blood lipid metabolism indicators and the intestinal flora composition.

Results: The results showed the following.

METTL3 potentiates progression of cervical cancer by suppressing ER stress via regulating m6A modification of TXNDC5 mRNA.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant chemical modification on mRNA and plays significant roles in many bioprocesses. However, the functions of m6A on cervical cancer (CC) tumorigenesis remain unclear. Here we found methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), a core member of the m6A methyltransferase family, was greatly upregulated as an independent prognostic factor in CC.

Targeting the COP9 signalosome for cancer therapy.

The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is a highly conserved protein complex composed of 8 subunits (CSN1 to CSN8). The individual subunits of the CSN play essential roles in cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, cell cycle regulation, DNA damage repair, angiogenesis, and microenvironmental homeostasis. The CSN complex has an intrinsic metalloprotease that removes the ubiquitin-like activator NEDD8 from cullin-RING ligases (CRLs).

Performance study of a serial relay CC-OGSM-SD free space optical system based on an M distribution model.

This paper proposes a novel, to the best of our knowledge, convolutional coding (CC)-optical generalized spatial modulation (OGSM)-spatial diversity (SD) serial relay system under distribution. In this work, two types of SD schemes are considered both at the relay node and receiver, and the decode-and-forward (DF) relay transmission protocol is adopted. Taking into account the combined effects of path loss, pointing error, and atmospheric turbulence, the closed-form expressions for the average bit error rate (ABER) of the serial relay uncoded and CC-OGSM-SD free space optical (FSO) system are derived using Meijer's G-function.

MicroRNA-138-1-3p sensitizes sorafenib to hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting PAK5 mediated β-catenin/ABCB1 signaling pathway.

Background: Sorafenib is a kinase inhibitor that is used as a first-line therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, the existence of sorafenib resistance has limited its therapeutic effect. Through RNA sequencing, we demonstrated that miR-138-1-3p was downregulated in sorafenib resistant HCC cell lines.

Erratum: Ras-related protein Rap2c promotes the migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.

Mesenchymal stem cell treatment for peripheral nerve injury: a narrative review.

Peripheral nerve injuries occur as the result of sudden trauma and lead to reduced quality of life. The peripheral nervous system has an inherent capability to regenerate axons. However, peripheral nerve regeneration following injury is generally slow and incomplete that results in poor functional outcomes such as muscle atrophy.

CSN6 promotes the cell migration of breast cancer cells by positively regulating Snail1 stability.

CSN6, a subunit of the highly conserved constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome (CSN), has been reported to be implicated in tumor progression in various kinds of malignant tumors. However, the mechanism underlying CSN6 in the tumor development of breast cancer has not yet been fully elucidated. CSN6 staining in breast cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues was measured by tissue microarray (TMA) technology.

Jab1 promotes gastric cancer tumorigenesis via non-ubiquitin proteasomal degradation of p14ARF.

Background: Jab1 has been reported to regulate various proteins in signal transduction pathways and be implicated in carcinogenesis or tumor progression. However, the precise role and molecular mechanism of Jab1 in gastric tumorigenesis have not yet been fully elucidated.

Methods: Jab1 staining in gastric cancer tissues and paired non-cancerous tissues was measured using tissue microarray (TMA) technology.

CSN6 promotes tumorigenesis of gastric cancer by ubiquitin-independent proteasomal degradation of p16.

Objective: CSN6 is a vital subunit of the constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome (CSN), which is responsible for development disorders and promotes ubiquitin-26S proteasome-dependent degradation and . Its role in the tumor development of gastric cancer remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of CSN6 in gastric cancer progression.

[Impacts of Silicon Fertilizer as Base Manure on Cadmium Bioavailability in Soil and on Cadmium Accumulation in Rice Plants].

The impacts of silicon (Si) on cadmium (Cd) bioavailability in soil and Cd accumulation in rice plants were investigated in pot experiments with rice ( L.) cultivation. Silicon fertilizer as the base manure (Si 0, 15, 30, and 60 mg·kg) was added in simulated slightly Cd-contaminated soil (total soil Cd of 0.

Ras-related protein Rap2c promotes the migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells.

Ras-related protein (Rap)2a and Rap2b are members of the GTP-binding protein family, and serve an important function in tumor progression. However, the associations between Rap2c and cancer cell functions have not yet been reported. Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer; its high degree of invasion is considered to be a major treatment challenge.