Energy restriction inhibits β-catenin ubiquitination to improve ischemic stroke injury via USP18/SKP2 axis.

Ischemic stroke (IS) remains a global health issue because of its great disability and mortality. Energy restriction (ER) has been justified to perform an inhibitory role in cerebral injury caused by IS. This research was purposed to inquire the potential molecular mechanism of ER in IS.

Artificial intelligence-assisted oculo-gait measurements for cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease.

Introduction: Oculomotor and gait dysfunctions are closely associated with cognition. However, oculo-gait patterns and their correlation with cognition in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) remain unclear.

Methods: Patients with CSVD from a hospital-based cohort (n = 194) and individuals with presumed early CSVD from a community-based cohort (n = 319) were included.

Antithrombin deficiency caused by SERPINC1 gene mutation in white matter lesions: A case report.

Rationale: White matter lesions (WMLs) are structural changes in the brain that manifest as demyelination in the central nervous system pathologically. Vasogenic WMLs are the most prevalent type, primarily associated with advanced age and cerebrovascular risk factors. Conversely, immunogenic WMLs, typified by multiple sclerosis (MS), are more frequently observed in younger patients.

Mapping the global research landscape and trends of autoimmune encephalitis: A bibliometric analysis.

Background: Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a neuroautoimmune disease featured by the presence of antibodies targeting neuronal surface, synaptic, or intracellular antigens. An increasing number of articles on its clinical manifestations, treatments, and prognosis have appeared in recent years. The objectives of this study were to summarize this growing body of literature and provide an overview of hotspots and trends in AE research using bibliometric analysis.

USP18 Stabilized FTO Protein to Activate Mitophagy in Ischemic Stroke Through Repressing m6A Modification of SIRT6.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a dangerous cerebrovascular disorder with a significant incidence and death rate. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 18 (USP18) has been proven to mitigate ischemic brain damage; however, its potential regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In vivo and in vitro models of IS were established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R).

Unique association of anti-GABA receptor encephalitis and myasthenia gravis in a patient with type A thymoma.

Association between anti-GABAR encephalitis and myasthenia gravis is extremely rare with few reported cases. Herein, we report a case of a female patient diagnosed with anti-GABAR encephalitis and thymoma at the first admission. She was administered glucocorticoids for long-term immunotherapy, and thymectomy with biopsy demonstrated a type A thymoma.

BMSC-derived exosomal miR-148b-3p attenuates OGD/R-induced HMC3 cell activation by targeting DLL4 and Notch1.

Bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosome (BMSC-Exo) could be a treatment method for ischemic injury. In ischemic cerebrovascular disease (IC), microglia is pivotal in neuronal damage and remodeling. This study explores the mechanisms of BMSC-Exo miR-148b-3p in regulating oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced human microglial clone 3 (HMC3) cell activation.

Aerobic exercise improves cognitive impairment in mice with type 2 diabetes by regulating the MALAT1/miR-382-3p/BDNF signaling pathway in serum-exosomes.

Background: It has been documented that aerobic exercise (AE) has a positive effect on improving cognitive function in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. Here, we tried to explore how AE regulates the expression of long non-coding RNA in serum-exosomes (Exos), thereby affecting cognitive impairment in T2DM mice as well as its potential molecular mechanism.

Methods: T2DM mouse models were constructed, and serum-Exos were isolated for whole transcriptome sequencing to screen differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA, followed by prediction of downstream target genes.

Exosomal circBBS2 inhibits ferroptosis by targeting miR-494 to activate SLC7A11 signaling in ischemic stroke.

Umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs)-derived exosomes have been considered as an effective treatment for ischemic stroke. CircRNA BBS2 (circBBS2) was demonstrated to be down-regulated in patients with ischemic stroke. However, the role of UC-MSCs-derived exosomal circBBS2 in ischemic stroke and potential mechanisms remain unclear.

Relationship between insulin-like growth factor-1 and cerebral small vessel disease and its mechanisms: advances in the field.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is an active polypeptide protein that closely resembles the structural sequence of insulin and is involved in a variety of metabolic processes in the body. Decreased IGF-1 circulation levels are associated with an increased risk of stroke and a poorer prognosis, but the relationship with cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is unclear. Some studies found that the level of IGF-1 in patients with cSVD was significantly reduced, but the clinical significance and underlying mechanisms are unknown.

Biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis phenotypes.

Objective: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving both upper and lower motor neurons. The motor phenotypes of ALS are highly clinically heterogeneous, and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.

Methods: A comparative proteomic analysis was performed in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of bulbar-onset (BO) and spinal-onset (SO) ALS patients and controls (n = 14).

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal circDLGAP4 promotes angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating miR-320/KLF5 axis.

Accumulating evidence suggests that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hUC-MSCs-Exos) are a promising therapeutic strategy for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. hUC-MSCs-Exos were identified by electron microscopy, NTA, and Western blotting.

Stroke-associated infection in patients with co-morbid diabetes mellitus is associated with in-hospital mortality.

Background And Objective: The association between infection and acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effect of infection on AIS with DM.

Materials And Methods: The data of patients with AIS and DM were extracted from the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance (CSCA) database from August 2015 to July 2019.

Energy restriction induced SIRT6 inhibits microglia activation and promotes angiogenesis in cerebral ischemia via transcriptional inhibition of TXNIP.

Energy restriction (ER) protects against cerebral ischemic injury, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. Here, rats were fed ad libitum (AL) or on an alternate-day food deprivation intermittent fasting (IF) diet for 3 months, followed by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery. The body weight, infarct volume, and neurological deficit score were accessed at the designated time points.

Multi-scale microstructure high-strength titanium alloy lattice structure manufactured selective laser melting.

The tensile performance of Ti6Al4V alloy lattice structure was investigated. Firstly, a face center cubic unit cell with vertical struts (F2CCZ) lattice structure was designed. Then, the structures were fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) with different aspect ratios.

Broadband High-Efficiency Grating Couplers for Perfectly Vertical Fiber-to-Chip Coupling Enhanced by Fabry-Perot-like Cavity.

We propose a broadband high-efficiency grating coupler for perfectly vertical fiber-to-chip coupling. The up-reflection is reduced, hence enhanced coupling efficiency is achieved with the help of a Fabry-Perot-like cavity composed of a silicon nitride reflector and the grating itself. With the theory of the Fabry-Perot cavity, the dimensional parameters of the coupler are investigated.

Could Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Be Underdiagnosed in China? Experience From Four Cases.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by the misfolded version of the cellular prion protein. Here we report four cases of sporadic CJD (sCJD) and describe the diagnostic methods available in order avoid missed or delayed recognition of CJD in China. We report four patients diagnosed with sCJD between March 2018 and December 2019 at Xiangya Hospital and the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.

Influences of Low Intensity on Diode Parameters of CdTe Solar Cells.

This study deals with the CdS/CdTe solar cells under low illumination intensity, with cell #1 for the shunt resistance exceeding 100,000 Ω·cm and cell #2 for the shunt resistance above 1000 Ω·cm. The diode parameter variations with the decline of the irradiance intensity are illustrated by dividing 0-100 mW/cm into a number of small intensity ranges for J-V measurements and assuming the diode parameters to be constant within each range, the diode parameters of each range including the series resistance, the shunt resistance, the reverse saturation current density and the ideality factor are then extracted by employing an analytical approach. The mechanism of the cell performance deviations are also investigated by basic theories, reports and experiments.

Identification of expanded repeats in NOTCH2NLC in neurodegenerative dementias.

Recently, the (GGC) repeat expansion in the NOTCH2NLC gene has been identified to be associated with neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID). Given the clinical overlap of dementia-dominant NIID with neurodegenerative dementia, we therefore hypothesized that the NOTCH2NLC repeat expansion might also contribute to these diseases. In the present study, repeat primed polymerase chain reaction (RP-PCR) and GC-rich PCR were conducted to detect the repeats of NOTCH2NLC in a cohort of 1004 patients with neurodegenerative dementias from mainland China.

Current Characteristics Estimation of Si PV Modules Based on Artificial Neural Network Modeling.

In the photovoltaic (PV) field, the outdoor evaluation of a PV system is quite complex, due to the variations of temperature and irradiance. In fact, the diagnosis of the PV modules is extremely required in order to maintain the optimum performance. In this paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) is proposed to build and train the model, and evaluate the PV module performance by mean bias error, mean square error and the regression analysis.

SCN1B and SCN2B gene variants analysis in dravet syndrome patients: Analysis of 22 cases.

Previous research identified SCN1B variants in some cases of Dravet syndrome (DS). We investigated whether SCN1B and SCN2B variants are commonly happened in DS patients without SCN1A variants. A total of 22 DS patients without SCN1A variants and 100 healthy controls were enrolled in this genetic study.

Altered brain volume and its relationship to characteristics of carotid plaques in asymptomatic patients.

Carotid plaque is an aggregate marker of exposure to vascular risk factors, which are linked to structural brain changes. We investigated prestroke global and regional changes in brain volume in a carotid plaque population of cognitively healthy individuals and the association between carotid plaque characteristics and these changes.A total of 76 participants were divided into healthy control (HC, n = 28), vulnerable plaque (n = 27) and stable plaque groups (n = 21).