Colder Climates and Dementia: An Ecological Analysis of Climate-Patterned Temperature's Influence on Neurological Health.

Countries with lower climate-patterned temperatures (Tcp), typically colder, have not been consistently correlated with higher dementia risk in population studies. This study explores Tcp's influence on global and regional dementia rates. Country-specific Tcp data was analyzed alongside dementia incidence using bivariate analysis, partial correlation, and multiple linear regression.

Limited role of biological aging in unhealthy aging: A cross-sectional analysis of global life expectancy and disability data.

Background: Biological aging is known to impact quality of life, but its precise role is debated.

Objective: This study explores how biological aging, measured by life expectancy at birth (e0), affects unhealthy aging as indicated by years lost due to disability (YLD).

Methods: Data from international organizations, including e0, YLD, and confounding factors like income, obesity, and urbanization, were analyzed.

Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure the Perception of Workplace Gender Discrimination for Women in Nursing.

Workplace gender discrimination as perceived by women in nursing, is currently under researched. The aim of this article is to outline the development and validation of a scale designed to measure the perception of workplace gender discrimination for women nurses. The instrument was developed following a three-stage process, consistent with recommendations for scale development.

Ambient ultraviolet radiation as a cardioprotective factor: A global and regional analysis.

Background: Ambient ultraviolet radiation (UVR) has been found to have a greater cardioprotective effect than previously believed. This study aimed to quantitatively measure the role of UVR in protecting against the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in general on a global and regional scale.

Methods: Population-level data on UVR, CVD incidence, aging, economic affluence, CVD genetic background (indexed with the Biological State Index, I), obesity prevalence, and urbanization were collected and analysed.

A greater nurse and midwife density protects against infant mortality globally.

Purpose: As the largest profession within the health care workforce, nurses and midwives play a critical role in the health and wellness of families especially children and infants. This study suggests those countries with higher nurse and midwife densities (NMD) had lower infant mortality rates (IMR).

Design And Methods: With affluence, low birthweight and urbanization incorporated as potential confounders, this ecological study analyzed the correlations between NMD and IMR with scatterplots, Pearson r correlation, partial correlation and multiple linear regression models.

Nursing workforce plays a significant role in reducing COVID-19 deaths worldwide: A cross-sectional analysis of data from 178 countries.

Worldwide, the role of nursing workforce in reducing COVID-19 case fatality ratio (CFR) is analyzed with scatter plots, Pearson's r and nonparametric, partial correlation and multiple linear regression models. The potential confounders, median age, health expenditure, physician density, and urbanization were incorporated for calculating the independent role of nursing workforce in protecting against COVID-19 CFR. The study findings suggested that (1) the nursing workforce inversely and significantly correlates with COVID-19 CFR; (2) this relationship remained independent of the confounding effects of each individual confounder or their combination; (3) Nursing workforce was the only variable identified as a significant contributor for reducing COVID-19 CFR, when it was incorporated into stepwise regression model with health expenditure, median age, physician density, and urbanization for analyzing their individual predicting effects on COVID-19 CFR.

Modern medical services, a double-edged sword manages symptoms, but accumulates genetic background of cardiovascular diseases: A cross populational analysis of 217 countries.

Background And Aims: Through reduced natural selection, measured with Biological State Index ( ), modern medicine enables most people to survive well beyond the reproductive lifespan leading to deleterious gene accumulation in population. This study explored the role of reduced natural selection in increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence worldwide.

Methods: Country-specific estimates of CVD incidence and the index of reduced natural selection were captured for analysis of their correlation.

A cross-sectional study quantifies the independent contribution of nurses and midwives in child health outcomes.

Introduction: As the largest profession within the healthcare industry, nursing and midwifery workforce (NMW) provides comprehensive healthcare to children and their families. This study quantified the independent role of NMW in reducing under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) worldwide.

Design: A retrospective, observational and correlational study to examine the independent role of NMW in protecting against U5MR.

Greater nurse density correlates to higher level of population ageing globally, but is more prominent in developed countries.

Background: Representing over 50% of the healthcare workforce, nurses provide care to people at all ages. This study advances, at a population level, that high levels of nursing services, measured by nurse density may significantly promote population ageing measured by the percentage of a population over 65 years of age (65yo%).

Methods: Population level data was examined to explore the correlation between nurse density and 65yo%.

A global comparison of nursing and midwifery's and medical efficacy in preventing COVID-19 deaths 2019-2022.

Aim: Compare roles of nurses and midwives and physicians in reducing COVID-19 deaths measured with a case fatality ratio.

Background: The roles and responsibilities of different health disciplines to the COVID-19 pandemic vary. While more difficult to measure, objective assessments of discipline contributions of nurses and midwives and physicians can be viewed through statistical analysis.

A lack of nurse autonomy impacts population health when compared to physician care: an ecological study.

This study highlights that the contribution of nursing is secondary to physicians in overall population health (indexed with life expectancy at birth, e). Scatter plots, bivariate correlation and partial correlation models were performed to analyse the correlations between e and physician healthcare and nursing healthcare respectively. Affluence, urbanization and obesity were incorporated as the potential confounders.

Total meat (flesh) supply may be a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases worldwide.

Consumption of red meat instead of white meat has typically been associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Reflecting actual diet patterns, this study explored the role of total meat (red + white) in predicting CVD incidence. Data from 217 countries were extracted from United Nations agencies for the analyses in five steps.

Although in shortage, nursing workforce is still a significant contributor to life expectancy at birth.

Objectives: Previous studies have not fully reported the strength and independency of the correlation of nursing workforce to life expectancy. This study advances that nursing workforce is a major independent contributor to life expectancy at birth (LEB) globally and regionally.

Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted at population level.

Significantly different roles of economic affluence in sex-specific obesity prevalence rates: understanding more modifications within female body weight management.

Socioeconomic status has been associated with obesity prevalence increase in both males and females worldwide. We examined the magnitude of the difference between the two relationships and explored the independence of both relationships. Country specific data on gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, sex-specific obesity prevalence rates, urbanisation, total calories availability and level of obesity, genetic background accumulation (measured by the Biological State Index, I) were obtained for 191 countries.

Physician care access plays a significant role in extending global and regional life expectancy.

Background: Previous cross-sectional studies generally did not fully consider the potential confounding factors associated with physician impact on overall population health. This ecological study controlled for health, demographic and socioeconomic confounders while using total physician density for predicting overall population health globally and regionally.

Methods: Ecological data were extracted from the United Nations agencies for 215 populations.

Cutaneous malignant melanoma incidence is strongly associated with European depigmented skin type regardless of ambient ultraviolet radiation levels: evidence from Worldwide population-based data.

Current public health advice is that high ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is the primary cause of Malignant Melanoma of skin (CMM), however, despite the use of sun-blocking products incidence of melanoma is increasing. To investigate the UVR influence on CMM incidence worldwide WHO, United Nations, World Bank databases and literature provided 182 country-specific melanoma incidence estimates, daily UVR levels, skin colour (EEL), socioeconomic status (GDP PPP), magnitude of reduced natural selection (Ibs), ageing, urbanization, percentage of European descendants (Eu%), and depigmentation (blonde hair colour), for parametric and non-parametric correlations, multivariate regressions and analyses of variance. Worldwide, UVR levels showed negative correlation with melanoma incidence ("rho" = -0.

Healthcare services relaxing natural selection may contribute to increase of dementia incidence.

Ageing and genetic traits can only explain the increasing dementia incidence partially. Advanced healthcare services allow dementia patients to survive natural selection and pass their genes onto the next generation. Country-specific estimates of dementia incidence rates (all ages and 15-49 years old), Biological State Index expressing reduced natural selection (I), ageing indexed by life expectancy e, GDP PPP and urbanization were obtained for analysing the global and regional correlations between reduced natural selection and dementia incidence with SPSS v.

Large household reduces dementia mortality: A cross-sectional data analysis of 183 populations.

Background: Large households/families may create more happiness and offer more comprehensive healthcare among the members. We correlated household size to dementia mortality rate at population level for analysing its protecting role against dementia mortality.

Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Total Meat Intake is Associated with Life Expectancy: A Cross-Sectional Data Analysis of 175 Contemporary Populations.

Background: The association between a plant-based diet (vegetarianism) and extended life span is increasingly criticised since it may be based on the lack of representative data and insufficient removal of confounders such as lifestyles.

Aim: We examined the association between meat intake and life expectancy at a population level based on ecological data published by the United Nations agencies.

Methods: Population-specific data were obtained from 175 countries/territories.

Genghis Khan's death (AD 1227): An unsolvable riddle or simply a pandemic disease?

The article examines Genghis Khan's death from the historico-medical perspective. Although several etiologies have been proposed over the years, most of these at a closer look appear to be later inventions by historians. A reassessment of the available evidence suggests instead bubonic plague as the most likely clinical scenario.

Greater family size is associated with less cancer risk: an ecological analysis of 178 countries.

Background: Greater family size measured with total fertility rate (TFR) and with household size, may offer more life satisfaction to the family members. Positive psychological well-being has been postulated to decrease cancer initiation risk. This ecological study aims to examine the worldwide correlation between family size, used as the measure of positive psychological well-being, and total cancer incidence rates.

Prostate Cancer Incidence is Correlated to Total Meat Intake– a Cross-National Ecologic Analysis of 172 Countries.

Objective: To examine the association of total meat (animal flesh) consumption to prostate cancer incidence (PC61) at population level. Subjects and Methods: Data from 172 countries were extracted for analysis. Associations between country specific per capita total meat intake and PC61 incidence at country level were examined using Pearson’s r and Spearman rho, partial correlation, stepwise multiple linear regression analyses with ageing, GDP, Is (index of magnitude of prostate cancer gene accumulation at population level), obesity prevalence and urbanization included as the confounding factors.

Relaxed natural selection contributes to global obesity increase more in males than in females due to more environmental modifications in female body mass.

Objective: Relaxed natural selection, measured by Biological State Index (Ibs), results in unfavourable genes/mutations accumulation in population. Obesity is partly heritable. We aim to examine and compare the effects of relaxed natural selection on male and female obesity prevalence.

Cancer incidence increasing globally: The role of relaxed natural selection.

Cancer incidence increase has multiple aetiologies. Mutant alleles accumulation in populations may be one of them due to strong heritability of many cancers. The opportunity for the operation of natural selection has decreased in the past ~150 years because of reduction in mortality and fertility.