Interaction between BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and mismatch negativity for working memory capacity in schizophrenia.

Both the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) valine (Val)/methionine (Met) polymorphism and mismatch negativity (MMN) amplitude are reportedly linked to working memory impairments in schizophrenia. However, there is evident scarcity of research aimed at exploring the relationships among the three factors. In this secondary analysis of a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial, we investigated these relationships.

Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation with concurrent cognitive performance targeting posterior parietal cortex vs prefrontal cortex on working memory in schizophrenia: a randomized clinical trial.

Working memory deficits are linked to irregularities in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in schizophrenia, effective intervention strategies are lacking. We evaluated the differential efficacy and underlying neuromechanisms of targeting transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) at the DLPFC and the PPC with concurrent cognitive performance for working memory in schizophrenia. In a randomized and double-blind clinical trial, sixty clinically stable schizophrenic patients with below-average working memory were randomly assigned to active DLPFC, active PPC, and sham tDCS groups.

Longitudinal changes in cognitive function in early psychosis: a meta-analysis with the MATRICS consensus cognitive battery (MCCB).

Introduction: A previous meta-analysis indicated stable progress in cognitive functions in early psychosis, assessed through various tools. To avoid assessment-related heterogeneity, this study aims to examine the longitudinal cognitive function changes in early psychosis utilizing the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB).

Methods: Embase, PubMed, and Scopus were systematically searched from their inception to September 26th 2023.

Further clarification of cognitive processes of prospective memory in schizophrenia by comparing eye-tracking and ecologically-valid measurements.

The aim of this study is to compare ecologically-valid measure (the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test, CAMPROMPT) and laboratory measure (eye-tracking paradigm) in assessing prospective memory (PM) in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). In addition, eye-tracking indices are used to examine the relationship between PM and other cognitive domains in SSDs patients. Initially, the study sample was formed by 32 SSDs patients and 32 healthy control subjects (HCs) who were matched in sociodemographic profile and the performance on CAMPROMPT.

The deficient cue monitoring and the facilitating effect of prosocial intention on prospective memory in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

The study aimed to investigate the cognitive processing of prospective memory (PM) in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) by using an eye-tracking paradigm. In addition, the facilitating effects of prosocial intention (the desire to help others) on PM in SSDs were also examined. In phase 1, 26 patients (group1) and 25 healthy controls (HCs) were compared in an eye-tracking PM paradigm in terms of the PM accuracy and eye-tracking indices.

Core of sensory gating deficits in first-episode schizophrenia: attention dysfunction.

Background: Sensory gating deficits are a common feature of schizophrenia and may be indicative of higher-order psychopathological impairments. It has been proposed that incorporating subjective attention components into prepulse inhibition (PPI) measures may improve the accuracy of assessing these deficits. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between modified PPI and cognitive function, with a specific focus on subjective attention, to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of sensory processing deficits in schizophrenia.

Comprehensive Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Elucidates the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Salt Resistance in Roots of Mediated by .

Salinization of soil is a major environmental risk factor to plant functions, leading to a reduction of productivity of crops and forage. , seed-borne endophytic fungi, establishes a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with and confers salt tolerance in the host plants. In this study, analysis of transcriptome and metabolome was used to explore the potential molecular mechanism underlying the salt-adaptation of roots mediated by .

The effects of childhood trauma on personality in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with major depressive disorder.

Abstrac: OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to preliminarily and exploratorily examine the associations between childhood trauma (CT), its subtypes, and personality traits among unaffected first-degree relatives (FDR, children, or siblings) of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: The study sample included three subgroups: MDD patients (N = 85), Patients' FDRs (N = 35), and healthy control individuals (HC, N = 89). The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) was used to assess childhood trauma and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire was used to assess personality traits.

Effects of Different Land Use Types and Soil Depths on Soil Mineral Elements, Soil Enzyme Activity, and Fungal Community in Karst Area of Southwest China.

The current research was aimed to study the effects of different land use types (LUT) and soil depth (SD) on soil enzyme activity, metal content, and soil fungi in the karst area. Soil samples with depths of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm were collected from different land types, including grassland, forest, land, spp. land and land.

Correction: Liu et al. Increases the Tolerance of to Low-P Stress by Modulating Amino Acids Metabolism and Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency. 2021, , 390.

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Increases the Tolerance of to Low-P Stress by Modulating Amino Acids Metabolism and Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency.

In the long-term evolutionary process, and seed-borne endophytic fungi, , formed a mutually beneficial symbiosis relationship, and has an important biological role in improving the tolerance of host grasses to abiotic stress. In this work, we first assessed the effects of on dry weight, the content of C, N, P and metal ions, and metabolic pathway of amino acids, and phosphorus utilization efficiency (PUE) of at low P stress. Our results showed that the dry weights, the content of alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glycine, glutamine, glutamic acid, L-asparagine, lysine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, and tryptophan were higher in leaves of -infected (E+) than -uninfected (E-) at low P stress.

The effect of increased family finance and dual-parental absence since infancy on Children's cognitive Abilities.

Existing research suggests that parental absence per se does not have a main effect on children's cognitive development. However, this body of research is confounded by decreased family finance resulted from parental absence. Further insights on children's cognitive development can be gained by studying situations where parental absence actually leads to higher family finance.

Role of Endophytes in Improving Host Grass Resistance Ability and Soil Properties.

The past decade has witnessed significant advances in understanding the interaction between grasses and systemic fungal endophytes of the genus , with evidence that plants have evolved multiple strategies to cope with abiotic stresses by reprogramming physiological responses. Soil nutrients directly affect plant growth, while soil microbes are also closely connected to plant growth and health. endophytes could affect soil fertility by modifying soil nutrient contents and soil microbial diversity.

The fungal endophyte Epichloë gansuensis increases NaCl-tolerance in Achnatherum inebrians through enhancing the activity of plasma membrane H-ATPase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

Salt stress negatively affects plant growth, and the fungal endophyte Epichloëgansuensis increases the tolerance of its host grass species, Achnatherum inebrians, to abiotic stresses. In this work, we first evaluated the effects of E. gansuensis on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and plasma membrane (PM) H-ATPase activity of Achnatherum inebrians plants under varying NaCl concentrations.

The Neglect of Left-Behind Children in China: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the neglect of left-behind children (LBC) in China.

Method: Children separated from one or both parents for at least 6 months. Trauma of separation.

Altered resting-state functional connectivity of the insula in individuals with clinical high-risk and patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

Objectives: Abnormalities in insular functional connectivity have been implicated in many clinical features of schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to determine to what degree such abnormalities occur in individuals with clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR), and whether which is associated with symptom severity.

Methods: Resting-state fMRI data were collected from 47 healthy controls, 24 CHR individuals and 19 patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

The effect of left-behind phenomenon and physical neglect on behavioral problems of children.

Objective: Left-behind children have a high incidence of behavioral problems in some Eastern countries, especially China. We sought to assess the combined effects of physical neglect, a major embodiment of the left-behind phenomenon, and the trauma of being left behind on subsequent behavioral problems.

Method: 776 children (including 600 left-behind children) aged 12-16 years were chosen by cluster sampling in rural China.

Controlled Growth of Well-Defined Conjugated Polymers from the Surfaces of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes: Photoresponse Enhancement via Charge Separation.

The installation of heterojunctions on the surfaces of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is an effective method for promoting the charge separation processes needed for CNT-based electronics and optoelectronics applications. Conjugated polymers are proven state-of-the-art candidates for modifying the surfaces of CNTs. However, all previous attempts to incorporate conjugated polymers to CNTs resulted in unordered interfaces.

Three-dimensional porous carbon composites containing high sulfur nanoparticle content for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries.

Sulfur is a promising cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries because of its high theoretical capacity (1,675 mA h g(-1)); however, its low electrical conductivity and the instability of sulfur-based electrodes limit its practical application. Here we report a facile in situ method for preparing three-dimensional porous graphitic carbon composites containing sulfur nanoparticles (3D S@PGC). With this strategy, the sulfur content of the composites can be tuned to a high level (up to 90 wt%).