Patient Management Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a mainstay procedure for the treatment of coronary artery disease. PCI techniques have evolved considerably since the advent of PCI in 1978, and with this evolution in techniques has come changes in the best practices for patient management following PCI. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of key considerations in patient management following PCI.

Diagnostic value of EEG after a first unprovoked seizure in adults - A population-based study.

Objective: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a standard investigation after a first unprovoked seizure but the diagnostic value in adults remains unclear. Our objective was to investigate the diagnostic value of EEG after a first unprovoked seizure in a population-based cohort in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Methods: This retrospective population-based study included adult patients referred by a neurologist for EEG after a first unprovoked seizure from August 2016 - December 2019 in the greater Gothenburg catchment area.

Clinical Relevance of Pathological Diagnosis of Hirschsprung's Disease with Acetylcholine-Esterase Histochemistry or Calretinin Immunohistochemistry.

Introduction: Hirschsprung disease (HD) manifests as a developmental anomaly affecting the enteric nervous system, where there is an absence of ganglion cells in the lower part of the intestine. This deficiency leads to functional blockages within the intestines. HD is usually confirmed or ruled out through rectal biopsy.

Efficacy of interventions targeted at physician prescribers of opioids for chronic non-cancer pain: an overview of systematic reviews.

Background: To combat the opioid crisis, interventions targeting the opioid prescribing behaviour of physicians involved in the management of patients with chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) have been introduced in clinical settings. An integrative synthesis of systematic review evidence is required to better understand the effects of these interventions. Our objective was to synthesize the systematic review evidence on the effect of interventions targeting the behaviours of physician opioid prescribers for CNCP among adults on patient and population health and prescriber behaviour.

Interventions for Preventing E-Cigarette Use Among Children and Youth: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Many nonregulatory interventions targeting children and youth have been implemented at three levels: directed at the individual (e.g., interactive video games), delivered to students at school (e.

Telehealth palliative care interventions for patients with advanced cancer: a scoping review.

Purpose: Telehealth allows patients to maintain contact with healthcare providers without necessitating travel, and is becoming increasingly utilized. The purpose of this study is to describe the components of telehealth palliative care interventions for patients with advanced cancer before the COVID-19 pandemic; identify any intervention components associated with improvements in outcomes; and evaluate reporting of interventions.

Methods: This scoping review was registered on the Open Science Framework.

Roadside screening tests for cannabis use: A systematic review.

As more countries legalize recreational cannabis, roadside screening programs are imperative to detect and deter driving under the influence of cannabis. This systematic review evaluated roadside screening tests for cannabis use. We searched six databases (inception-March 2020) and grey literature sources for primary studies evaluating test characteristics of roadside screening tests for cannabis use compared to laboratory tests for cannabinoids in blood or oral fluid.

Video-based learning of coping strategies for common errors improves laparoscopy training-a randomized study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate whether shifting the focus to solution orientation and developing coping strategies for common errors could increase the efficiency of laparoscopic training and influence learning motivation. The concept of coping has been particularly defined by the psychologist Richard Lazarus [Lazarus and Folkman in Stress, appraisal, and coping, Springer publishing company, New York, 1984]. Based on this model, we examined the use of observational learning with a coping model for its effectiveness as a basic teaching model in laparoscopic training.

Development of biotissue training models for anastomotic suturing in pancreatic surgery.

Background: Anastomotic suturing is the Achilles heel of pancreatic surgery. Especially in laparoscopic and robotically assisted surgery, the pancreatic anastomosis should first be trained outside the operating room. Realistic training models are therefore needed.

Serious gaming and virtual reality in the multimodal training of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: a randomized crossover study.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the transferability of surgical skills for the laparoscopic hernia module between the serious game Touch Surgery™ (TS) and the virtual reality (VR) trainer Lap Mentor™. Furthermore, this study aimed to collect validity evidence and to discuss "sources of validity evidence" for the findings using the laparoscopic inguinal hernia module on TS.

Methods: In a randomized crossover study, medical students (n = 40) in their clinical years performed laparoscopic inguinal hernia modules on TS and the VR trainer.

A systematic review of the effects of e-cigarette use on lung function.

Given the increasing use of e-cigarettes and uncertainty surrounding their safety, we conducted a systematic review to determine the effects of e-cigarettes on measures of lung function. We systematically searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases via Ovid, the Cochrane CENTRAL database, and the Web of Science Core from 2004 until July 2021, identifying 8856 potentially eligible studies. A total of eight studies (seven studying immediate effects and one long-term effects, 273 total participants) were included.

Systematic Review of Systemic Corticosteroid Effects on Patch Testing.

Systemic corticosteroids are commonly used as a short-term management option for inflammatory skin conditions, such as contact dermatitis. The purpose of our systematic review was to compare presence and degree of patch test reactions with or without different doses of systemic corticosteroid therapy. The relationship between 20, 30, and 40 mg daily doses of prednisone and retained, diminished, and negated reactions was not linear, whereas the reaction ratings for all patches placed with or without corticosteroid therapy revealed trends toward lower intensity reactions while receiving prednisone ( P < 0.

Learning of Intracorporal Knot Tying in Minimally Invasive Surgery by Video or Expert Instruction.

Introduction:  Minimally invasive surgery skill laboratories are indispensable in training, especially for complex procedural skills such as intracorporal suturing and knot tying (ICKT). However, maintaining a laboratory is expensive, and specially trained teachers are in short supply. During the COVID-19 pandemic, in-person instruction has reduced to almost zero, while model learning via video instruction (VID) has become an integral part of medical education.

Interventions for physician prescribers of opioids for chronic non-cancer pain: protocol for an overview of systematic reviews.

Introduction: Interventions targeting behaviours of physician prescribers of opioids for chronic non-cancer pain have been introduced to combat the opioid crisis. Systematic reviews have evaluated effects of specific interventions (eg, prescriber education, prescription drug monitoring programmes) on patient and population health outcomes and prescriber behaviour. Integration of findings across intervention types is needed to better understand the effects of prescriber-targeted interventions.

Topical treatments for early-stage mycosis fungoides using Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria: A systematic review.

Background: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a cutaneous lymphoma; most patients present with early, skin-limited disease and are managed by dermatologists.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to systematically review and assess the evidence on topical treatments for early-stage (IA, IB, IIA) MF.

Methods: We performed a literature search via MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases.

Non-medical cannabis use among Indigenous Canadians: A systematic review of prevalence and associated factors.

Background: Indigenous Canadians may be at an increased risk of non-medical cannabis use. The aim of this review was to synthesize the prevalence of non-medical cannabis use and its associated factors among Indigenous Canadians.

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to January 29th, 2020 for publications reporting the prevalence of non-medical cannabis use among Indigenous Canadians.

Elective surgery wait time reduction in Canada: A synthesis of provincial initiatives.

In an effort to reduce wait times, Canadian provincial governments have introduced numerous wait time reduction programs and policies. The objective of this study was to provide an overview of elective surgery wait time reduction initiatives across the Canadian provinces from 2000 to 2018. Each of the 10 provincial government web sites were searched.

The Heidelberg VR Score: development and validation of a composite score for laparoscopic virtual reality training.

Introduction: Virtual reality (VR-)trainers are well integrated in laparoscopic surgical training. However, objective feedback is often provided in the form of single parameters, e.g.

Skills in minimally invasive and open surgery show limited transferability to robotic surgery: results from a prospective study.

Background: There is limited evidence on the transferability of conventional laparoscopic and open surgical skills to robotic-assisted surgery. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the transferability of expertise in conventional laparoscopy and open surgery to robotic-assisted surgery using the da Vinci Skills Simulator (dVSS). Secondary aims included evaluating the influence of individual participants' characteristics.

In-bed cycling in the ICU; patient safety and recollections with motivational effects.

Background: In-bed cycling (IBC) is gaining interest for implementation in intensive care units. Our main objective was to explore patient recollections and experiences of early mobilization, including IBC. Secondly, we aimed to examine if IBC was safe and feasible.

Death talk and relief of death-related distress in patients with advanced cancer.

Objectives: The circumstances of advanced cancer heighten the need for affected individuals to communicate mortality-related concerns, although there may be obstacles to such communication. Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully(CALM) is a supportive-expressive therapy designed to address such barriers and to facilitate communication of mortality-related concerns in patients and caregivers facing advanced disease. This study explores death-related distress in patients with advanced cancer and the perceived influence of CALM therapy on overcoming barriers to communication of this distress.

Seeking worldwide professional consensus on the principles of end-of-life care for the critically ill. The Consensus for Worldwide End-of-Life Practice for Patients in Intensive Care Units (WELPICUS) study.

Great differences in end-of-life practices in treating the critically ill around the world warrant agreement regarding the major ethical principles. This analysis determines the extent of worldwide consensus for end-of-life practices, delineates where there is and is not consensus, and analyzes reasons for lack of consensus. Critical care societies worldwide were invited to participate.

Fast-track concepts in major open upper abdominal and thoracoabdominal surgery: a review.

Introduction: The purpose of this article was to review the research considering fast-track concepts in upper abdominal and thoracoabdominal surgery.

Methods: A search for clinical studies evaluating the fast-track concept after open major upper abdominal or thoracoabdominal surgery was performed. Reference lists of identified articles were searched.

Fentanyl HCl iontophoretic transdermal system versus morphine IV-PCA for postoperative pain management: survey of healthcare provider opinion.

Objective: This survey estimated differences in staff time requirements between fentanyl HCl iontophoretic transdermal system (fentanyl ITS) and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) in post-operative pain management.

Research Design And Methods: European Delphi panels of nurses and anaesthesiologists, who had practical experience with both fentanyl ITS and IV-PCA, were provided a task list, developed from a previous clinical trial, associated with each modality. The panellists were asked to estimate time spent on each task.