Publications by authors named "Wennan Huang"

Article Synopsis
  • Scientists created a smart computer program using deep learning to help score spine damage in patients with a condition called ankylosing spondylitis (AS).
  • The program studied X-ray images from patients' neck and lower back to find changes in their vertebrae. It showed high accuracy in identifying problems with the spine.
  • The results indicate that this computer model can help doctors quickly assess spine damage and improve research by providing objective scores with fewer mistakes.
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  • Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) have a higher risk of severe motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) compared to those without the condition, particularly noticeable after a two-year diagnosis period.
  • Risk factors associated with increased MVA incidents include living in suburban or rural areas, having a lower income, and a history of prior accidents before AS diagnosis.
  • The study utilized a large Taiwanese healthcare database to analyze data from 30,911 AS patients and show that AS diagnosis and more frequent doctor visits can also contribute to this higher risk.
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The existing methods for water-level recognition often suffer from inaccurate readings in complex environments, which limits their practicality and reliability. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that combines an improved version of the YOLOv5m model with contextual knowledge for water-level identification. We employ the adaptive threshold Canny operator and Hough transform for skew detection and correction of water-level images.

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  • The study focused on understanding long-term mortality predictors in two main types of fibrotic interstitial lung disease (F-ILD): idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD).
  • Researchers analyzed data from 104 patients diagnosed with F-ILD, noting that IPF patients had significantly lower survival rates compared to CTD-ILD patients, with factors like age, gender, and lung function impacting mortality risks.
  • Key findings highlighted a higher GAP score (>2) and definite usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern as strong predictors of increased mortality, indicating the need for careful monitoring and management in these patients.
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Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) stands out as one of the most aggressive forms of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), currently without a definitive cure. Multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) is now considered a cornerstone in diagnosing and differentiating ILD subtypes. The Gender-Age-Physiology (GAP) score, developed to assess IPF prognosis based on sex, age, forced vital capacity, and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), is limited in not considering dyspnea and functional impairment during the walking test.

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Introduction: Atypical anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (a-ANCA) is characterized by a positive fluorescence staining other than typical cytoplasmic or perinuclear ANCA. ANCA is associated with increased risk of dialysis and mortality in patients with ANCA vasculitis. However, comorbidities related to a-ANCA and whether a-ANCA exhibits an increased risk for renal failure and mortality remain unclear.

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  • Recent advances in direct antiviral agents have not fully addressed the ongoing issue of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particularly in relation to the effects of biologic and synthetic drugs on microRNAs (miRNAs).
  • A study involving RA patients treated with TNF-α inhibitors and other therapies showed no significant impact on HCV replication but highlighted changes in miRNA levels, specifically hsa-mir-122-5p and hsa-mir-155-5p.
  • The findings suggest that these miRNAs may serve as potential biomarkers for evaluating treatment efficacy in RA patients co-infected with HCV.
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Objectives: To assess the association between antirheumatic drugs and of the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a nationwide rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cohort.

Methods: Using claim data from the 2000-2020 National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified 21 457 incident patients with RA from 2002 to 2020 without prior liver diseases. A time-varying multivariable Cox regression model was applied to estimate for the association of NAFLD with the use of antirheumatic drugs after adjusting potential confounders, show as adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence interval (CIs).

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Objective: This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review of studies focusing on adult patients classified as having SLE-related PAH by searching the electronic databases Embase, Medline, Medline in-progress, Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Ichushi Web, Kmbase, and KoreaMed. Based on the findings, we conducted a Delphi survey to build expert consensus on issues related to screening for PAH in patients with SLE and on the importance and feasibility of measuring the identified factors in clinical practice.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the incidence and risk factors of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Methods: We conducted a nationwide, population-based, cohort study using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. We performed propensity score matching (PSM) using a 1:2 ratio, resulting in inclusion of 1379 patients with SSc and 2758 non-SSc individuals in the analysis.

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Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by localized bone loss, general osteoporosis and increased fracture risks. Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), non-tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (non-TNFi) biologic, Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) had shown the suppression effects to osteoclast activation and improvement of bone mineral density (BMD). Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) is associated with osteoclast activation and the resultant bone loss.

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Background And Aims: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance and prognostic value of disease-specific antibodies and anti-Ro52 using a commercial line immunoblot assay (LIA) in Taiwanese patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively enrolledall individuals at the Taichung Veterans General Hospital. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of LIA, anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and also the association between the autoantibodies and the clinical phenotype using multivariable logistic regression.

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Introduction: Elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA) is associated with an increased mortality risk; however, the effect of conventional synthetic, biologics or targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs, bDMARDs or tsDMARDs) on the EORA-specific mortality risk is unknown. In this study, we investigated the risk factors for all-cause mortality of patients with EORA.

Methods: Data of EORA patients diagnosed with RA at age > 60 years between January 2007 and June 2021 were extracted from the electronic health record of Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.

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Background: Outdoor air pollution has been found to trigger systemic inflammatory responses and aggravate the activity of certain rheumatic diseases. However, few studies have explored the influence of air pollution on the activity of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). As patients with active AS in Taiwan can be reimbursed through the National Health Insurance programme for biological therapy, we investigated the association between air pollutants and the initiation of reimbursed biologics for active AS.

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Objective: Lupus nephritis (LN), a common manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus, is associated with a higher risk of kidney failure and death. The renal pathology of LN helps elucidate the severity of inflammation and the extent of irreversible damage. We aimed to identify histologic variables that correlate with risks of kidney failure and mortality.

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Background: Hyperuricemia and gout are risk factors of nephrolithiasis. However, it is unclear whether the gene contributes to the development of nephrolithiasis. We aimed to investigate the interaction between the rs2231142 variant and incident nephrolithiasis in the Taiwanese population.

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To investigate the impact of an electronic medical record management system (EMRMS) on disease activity and the frequency of outpatient visits among patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). We identified 652 patients with AS who were followed up for at least 1 year before and after the first Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) assessment and compared the number of outpatient visits and average visit time within 1 year before and after the initial ASDAS assessment. Finally, we analyzed 201 patients with AS who had complete data and received ≥ 3 continuous ASDAS assessments at an interval of 3 months, and we compared the results of the second and third ASDAS assessments with those of the first.

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is usually accompanied by obesity and nonalcoholic fatty-liver-related insulin resistance. The link between T2D and dysbiosis has been receiving increasing attention. Probiotics can improve insulin sensitivity by regulating imbalances in microbiota, but efficacy varies based on the probiotic used.

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Introduction: Serious infections are an important concern for patients with autoimmune conditions. We sought to estimate serious infection rates among patients with select autoimmune conditions relative to the general population in Taiwan and the USA.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study estimated setting-specific standardized serious infection incidence rates and ratios among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, including extra-renal lupus and lupus nephritis, rheumatoid arthritis and primary membranous nephropathy, compared with the general population using insurance claims for hospitalizations between 2000 and 2013.

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Background: diseases are frequently encountered in patients who are immunocompromised. Without a prompt diagnosis, the clinical consequences may be lethal. -specific antibodies have been widely used to facilitate the diagnosis of diseases.

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Article Synopsis
  • Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) is crucial in metabolizing Azathioprine (AZA), and variations in TPMT genes may lead to different side effects like myelosuppression and hepatotoxicity.
  • This study focused on the link between TPMT gene variations and hepatotoxicity in Asian patients who had previously used AZA, involving a total of 50 non-normal metabolizer (non-NM) patients and 1000 normal metabolizers (NM).
  • Results indicated that non-NM patients had a significantly higher risk of hepatotoxicity, with cumulative incidence rates rising over three years, suggesting that genetic testing for TPMT variants can help tailor safer AZA treatments.
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Objectives: To investigate the differences between the vector vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) and mRNA-based vaccine mRNA-1273 (Moderna) in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRD), and to explore the cell-cell interactions between high and low anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels in patients with rheumatic arthritis (RA) using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).

Methods: From September 16 to December 10, 2021, we consecutively enrolled 445 participants (389 patients with AIRD and 56 healthy controls), of whom 236 were immunized with AZD1222 and 209 with mRNA-1273. The serum IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain was quantified by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay at 4-6 weeks after vaccination.

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Objectives: The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) has been widely utilized to evaluate disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) by an arbitrary cut-off of ≥4 to indicate high disease activity and initiate biological therapy. The Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) is a new composite index to assess AS disease activity states that have been defined and validated. ASDAS ≥2.

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Background: Potential risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) requiring medical therapy should be investigated. Methods: We identified newly diagnosed AS patients without previous MACE from 2004 to 2012 using the National Health Insurance Research Database, matched MACE cases with non-MACE controls at a 1:4 ratio for age, gender, AS duration, and index date, and included 947 AS patients with MACE and 3896 matched controls for final analyses. By using conditional logistic regression analyses, we examined the associations of MACE with low income, urbanisation, comorbidities, common extra-articular manifestations (EAM), and medications, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) of three categories (traditional NSAIDs, selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (COX-2i), and preferential COX-2is) with their annual cumulative defined daily dose (cDDD) within a year before MACE development.

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