γ-secretase inhibitor disturbs the morphological development of differentiating neurons through affecting Notch/miR-342-5p.

During neurodevelopment, differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) into neurons are regulated by many factors including Notch signaling pathway. Herein, we report the effect of a Notch signaling blocker, i.e.

Evaluation of protein separation mechanism and pore size distribution in colloidal self-assembled nanoparticle sieves for on-chip protein sizing.

The separation behavior of 6.5-66 kDa proteins in silica particle array-based sieves formed by colloidal self-assembly in microchips is reported across a pore size range of 22-103 nm. The protein separation and resolution improves markedly with decreasing pore size.

Differential response of pig masseter to botulinum neurotoxin serotypes a and b.

Introduction: Pigs respond to direct administration of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), although they are resistant to botulism. The human masseter is frequently targeted for BoNT therapy. We aimed to understand how BoNT affects chewing by injecting porcine masseters.

Ras homolog gene family, member A promotes p53 degradation and vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent angiogenesis through an interaction with murine double minute 2 under hypoxic conditions.

Background: Tumor neovascularization (TNV) is a common pathologic basis for malignant growth and metastasis. However, the mechanism of TNV pathogenesis is not fully understood. Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA), a Rho guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) family member, may be involved in a hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway that regulates TNV angiogenesis through an unclear mechanism.

Segmental curvilinear distraction osteogenesis.

Curvilinear distraction is currently under investigation to reconstruct curved maxillofacial bone defects. However, previous studies have revealed the discrepancy between the contour of the regenerated bone in the distraction gap and the curvilinear pathway of the transport disc. We hypothesize that the discrepancy is because of the conflict of the distraction vector and the strain vector during the consolidation.

Botulinum toxin in masticatory muscles: short- and long-term effects on muscle, bone, and craniofacial function in adult rabbits.

Paralysis of the masticatory muscles using botulinum toxin (BTX) is a common treatment for cosmetic reduction of the masseters as well as for conditions involving muscle spasm and pain. The effects of this treatment on mastication have not been evaluated, and claims that the treatment unloads the jaw joint and mandible have not been validated. If BTX treatment does decrease mandibular loading, osteopenia might ensue as an adverse result.

A systematic evaluation of the role of crystalline order in nanoporous materials on DNA separation.

The role of order within a porous separation matrix on the separation efficiency of DNA was studied systematically. DNA separation was based on a ratchet mechanism. Monodisperse colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles were used to fabricate highly ordered separation media with a hexagonal close-packed structure.