Liquiritin ameliorates painful diabetic neuropathy in SD rats by inhibiting NLRP3-MMP-9-mediated reversal of aquaporin-4 polarity in the glymphatic system.

Background: Despite advancements in diabetes treatment, the management of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy (PDN) remains challenging. Our previous research indicated a significant correlation between the expression and distribution of Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) in the spinal glymphatic system and PDN. However, the potential role and mechanism of liquiritin in PDN treatment remain uncertain.

Effect of adductor canal block combined with infiltration between the popliteal artery and posterior capsular of the knee on chronic pain after total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Introduction: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is accompanied by severe postoperative pain, which is reported to be an important cause of chronic pain. Ultrasound-guided adductor canal block (ACB) combined with infiltration between the popliteal artery and posterior capsular of the knee (IPACK) has been proven to have a better effect on relieving acute pain after TKA. However, whether it has a significant effect on the incidence of chronic pain after TKA has not been reported.

Effect of deep neuromuscular block on the quality of early recovery after sleeve gastrectomy in obese patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Deep neuromuscular block (NMB) has been shown to improve surgical conditions and alleviate post-operative pain in bariatric surgery compared with moderate NMB. We hypothesized that deep NMB could also improve the quality of early recovery after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Methods: Eighty patients were randomized to receive either deep (post-tetanic count 1-3) or moderate (train-of-four count 1-3) NMB.

Ginkgolide B can alleviate spinal cord glymphatic system dysfunction and provide neuroprotection in painful diabetic neuropathy rats by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-9.

The glymphatic system plays a crucial role in maintaining optimal central nervous system (CNS) function by facilitating the removal of metabolic wastes. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) protein, predominantly located on astrocyte end-feet, is a key pathway for metabolic waste excretion. β-Dystroglycan (β-DG) can anchor AQP4 protein to the end-feet membrane of astrocytes and can be cleaved by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 protein.

Aquaporins and Neuropathic Pain.

Neuropathic pain is a chronic secondary pain condition resulting from lesions or diseases of the peripheral or central nervous system (CNS). Neuropathic pain is closely related to edema, inflammation, increased neuronal excitability, and central sensitization caused by glutamate accumulation. Aquaporins (AQPs), mainly responsible for the transport and clearance of water and solute, play important roles in developing CNS diseases, especially neuropathic pain.

Halorussus salinus sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern.

A halophilic archaeal strain YJ-37-H was isolated from Yangjiang marine solar saltern, China. Cells were pleomorphic rods, stained Gram negative and formed red-pigmented colonies on agar plate. Strain YJ-37-H was able to grow at 20-50 °C (optimum 37 °C), at 0.

Halomarina salina sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern.

A halophilic archaeal strain, designated ZS-57-S(T), was isolated from Zhoushan marine solar saltern, China. Cells were observed to be pleomorphic, stained Gram-negative and formed red pigmented colonies on agar plates. Optimal growth was obtained at 3.

Salinigranum salinum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern.

An extremely halophilic archaeal strain YJ-50-S2T was isolated from Yangjiang marine solar saltern, China. Cells were pleomorphic, stained Gram-negative and formed red-pigmented colonies on agar plates. Strain YJ-50-S2T was able to grow at 25-50 °C (optimum 37 °C), with 0.

Halorubrum rutilum sp. nov. isolated from a marine solar saltern.

A halophilic archaeal strain, YJ-18-S1(T), was isolated from Yangjiang marine solar saltern, Guangxi Province, China. Cells were pleomorphic, stained Gram-negative and formed red-pigmented colonies on agar plates. Strain YJ-18-S1(T) was able to grow at 20-55 °C (optimum 37 °C), at 0.

Halosimplex litoreum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern.

A halophilic archaeal strain, YGH94(T), was isolated from the Yinggehai marine solar saltern near the Shanya city of Hainan Province, China. Cells of the strain were observed to be short rods, stain Gram-negative and to form red-pigmented colonies on solid media. Strain YGH94(T) was found to grow at 25-50 °C (optimum 40 °C), at 0.