3D microstructure reconstruction and characterization of porous materials using a cross-sectional SEM image and deep learning.

Accurate assessment of the three-dimensional (3D) pore characteristics within porous materials and devices holds significant importance. Compared to high-cost experimental approaches, this study introduces an alternative method: utilizing a generative adversarial network (GAN) to reconstruct a 3D pore microstructure. Unlike some existing GAN models that require 3D images as training data, the proposed model only requires a single cross-sectional image for 3D reconstruction.

Highly Tunable 2D Silicon Quantum Dot Array with Coupling beyond Nearest Neighbors.

Scaling up quantum dots to two-dimensional (2D) arrays is a crucial step for advancing semiconductor quantum computation. However, maintaining excellent tunability of quantum dot parameters, including both nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor couplings, during 2D scaling is challenging, particularly for silicon quantum dots due to their relatively small size. Here, we present a highly controllable and interconnected 2D quantum dot array in planar silicon, demonstrating independent control over electron fillings and the tunnel couplings of nearest-neighbor dots.

Weight-Specific Grip Strength as a Novel Indicator Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk in Children: The EMSNGS Study.

Context: Handgrip strength (HGS) is an important indicator of sarcopenia and adverse health outcomes. However, evaluating HGS in children presents challenges, and its association with metabolism remains incompletely understood.

Objective: To establish grip strength reference values for Chinese children and adolescents, as well as to evaluate the relationship between HGS and cardiometabolic risk.

Bidirectional Peptide Translocation through Ultrasmall Solid-State Nanopores.

It is important to obtain the configuration of polypeptides and the sequence information on amino acids for understanding various life processes and many biological applications. Nanopores, as a newly developed single-molecule detection technology, exhibit unique advantages in real-time dynamics detection. Here, we designed a special peptide chain with 10 arginine in the head and achieved successful single-molecule detection by ultrasmall solid-state nanopores (2-3 nm).

Honeycomb effect elimination in differential phase fiber-bundle-based endoscopy.

Fiber-bundle-based endoscopy, with its ultrathin probe and micrometer-level resolution, has become a widely adopted imaging modality for in vivo imaging. However, the fiber bundles introduce a significant honeycomb effect, primarily due to the multi-core structure and crosstalk of adjacent fiber cores, which superposes the honeycomb pattern image on the original image. To tackle this issue, we propose an iterative-free spatial pixel shifting (SPS) algorithm, designed to suppress the honeycomb effect and enhance real-time imaging performance.

Transgenic expression of artificial microRNA targeting soybean mosaic virus P1 gene confers virus resistance in plant.

RNA silencing is an innate immune mechanism of plants against invasion by viral pathogens. Artificial microRNA (amiRNA) can be engineered to specifically induce RNA silencing against viruses in transgenic plants and has great potential for disease control. Here, we describe the development and application of amiRNA-based technology to induce resistance to soybean mosaic virus (SMV), a plant virus with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome.

A novel SERS-lateral flow assay (LFA) tray for monitoring of miR-155-5p during pyroptosis in breast cancer cells.

In the study, a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-lateral flow assay (LFA) tray for the real-time detection of pyroptosis-associated miR-155-5p in breast cancer cells was established and validated. The SERS probe modified with monoclonal antibodies and functionalized HP1@5-FAM was first synthesized. When miR-155-5p was present, HP1@5-FAM on the SERS probe specifically recognized target miRNAs and hybridized with them, resulting in HP2 on the T line only capturing some SERS probes that were not bound to miR-155-5p.

The Inverted U-Shaped Association between Serum Vitamin D and Serum Uric Acid Status in Children and Adolescents: A Large Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis.

Background: Serum vitamin D is associated with hyperuricemia. However, previous studies have been controversial, with limited focus on children and adolescents.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between serum vitamin D and serum uric acid (SUA) levels in children and adolescents.

RENAL PROTECTIVE EFFECT AND CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF VITAMIN B 6 IN PATIENTS WITH SEPSIS.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect and possible mechanisms of vitamin B 6 against renal injury in patients with sepsis. Methods: A total of 128 patients with sepsis who met the entry criteria in multiple centers were randomly divided into experimental (intravenous vitamin B 6 therapy) and control (intravenous 0.9% sodium chloride therapy) groups based on usual care.

Gradient-induced long-range optical pulling force based on photonic band gap.

Optical pulling provides a new degree of freedom in optical manipulation. It is generally believed that long-range optical pulling forces cannot be generated by the gradient of the incident field. Here, we theoretically propose and numerically demonstrate the realization of a long-range optical pulling force stemming from a self-induced gradient field in the manipulated object.

The Impact of New Regulations on Prevention and Control of E-Cigarettes on Adolescents in Middle Schools - A City in China, 2022-2023.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: To protect the health of young people from the harmful impacts of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), China has enacted various policies and regulations since 2018. As of October 1, 2022, the were put into action. They prohibited the sale of flavored e-cigarettes, permitting only those of plain tobacco flavor to be sold.

Damage Monitoring of Regularly Arrayed Short-Fiber-Reinforced Composite Laminates under Tensile Load Based on Acoustic Emission Technology.

Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are widely used in lightweight structures because of their high specific strength, specific modulus, and low coefficient of thermal expansion. Additionally, the unidirectionally arrayed chopped strand (UACS) laminates have excellent mechanical properties and flowability, making them suitable for fabricating structures with complex geometry. In this paper, the damage process of UACS quasi-isotropic laminates under tensile load was tested using acoustic emission detection technology.

Abnormal Bone Turnover Observed in Obese Children based on Puberty Stage-Specific Bone Turnover Marker Reference.

Context: Childhood and adolescence are critical periods for lifelong bone health. The impact of obesity on these phases is controversial, which may be due to the lack of standards for age-, sex-, and puberty-specific bone turnover markers (BTMs) that could sensitively reflect bone metabolism.

Objective: To generate age-, sex, and puberty stage-specific BTM reference curves in children and adolescents and to explore the effect of obesity on bone metabolism in the Chinese population.

Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with bone health measured by calcaneal quantitative ultrasound: a large cross-sectional analysis in children and adolescents.

: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in bone health; however, findings in children and adolescents remain inconsistent, and few studies have examined its impact on bone health measured by quantitative ultrasound (QUS). This study aims at assessing the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and bone health, as evaluated by QUS, across varying pubertal stages and genders. : A baseline cross-sectional survey of an ongoing cohort study included 4682 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years from Shenzhen, China.

Measurement of thickness and refractive index of transparent material synchronously based on chromatic confocal sensor.

A defined refractive index is essential to measure the thickness of transparent materials with a chromatic confocal sensor (CCS). To overcome this limitation, a new measuring model is proposed by configuring a motor to drive the CCS for movement and placing a reflector behind the sample. This innovative approach enables the measurement of thickness and refractive index of transparent material synchronously through geometric calculations based on peak signals from different surfaces.

Quantitative evaluation on thermal seeing induced 2m ring solar telescope.

Thermal seeing is one of the factors that affect solar telescope observations. A comprehensive analysis method is developed to quantify the thermal seeing effects. A three-dimensional Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model is used to obtain the transient flow fields around the primary mirror, the secondary mirror and the heat-stop.

Establishment and characterization of a novel indirect ELISA method based on ASFV antigenic epitope-associated recombinant protein.

African Swine Fever (ASF) is an acute and highly lethal disease in pigs caused by African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV). Viral proteins have been commonly used as antigenic targets for the development of ASF diagnostic methods. However, the prokaryotic expression of viral proteins has deficiencies such as instability, insolubility, and high cost in eukaryotic situations.

Worldwide trends in mortality for hypertensive heart disease from 1990 to 2019 with projection to 2034: data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study.

Aims: This study aims to analyse the worldwide trends in hypertensive heart disease (HHD) mortality and associations with age, period, and birth cohort and predict the future burden of HHD deaths.

Methods And Results: Mortality estimates were obtained from Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. We used age-period-cohort (APC) model to examine the age, period, and cohort effects on HHD mortality between 1990 and 2019.

An Intracellular Epitope of ASFV CD2v Protein Elicits Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses.

The African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes high mortality in domestic pigs. ASFV encodes an important protein target for subunit vaccine development, CD2v, but its most effective immunological regions are not known. Herein, we generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb) named IF3 by immunizing mice against the intracellular region of the CD2v protein (CD2v-IR).

CIRP attenuates acute kidney injury after hypothermic cardiovascular surgery by inhibiting PHD3/HIF-1α-mediated ROS-TGF-β1/p38 MAPK activation and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways.

Background: The ischemia-reperfusion (IR) environment during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) cardiovascular surgery is a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), which lacks preventive measure and treatment. It was reported that cold inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) can be induced under hypoxic and hypothermic stress and may have a protective effect on multiple organs. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether CIRP could exert renoprotective effect during hypothermic IR and the potential mechanisms.

Prevalence and associated factors of smoking among chinese adolescents: a school-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Shenzhen has made great efforts to address the tobacco epidemic in the past decade. This study aims to evaluate the current status of the tobacco epidemic among adolescent in Shenzhen, China.

Methods: The multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used in the school-based cross-sectional study in 2019 and a total of 7,423 junior and high school (both senior and vocational) students were recruited.