Hierarchical 3D FeCoNi Alloy/CNT @ Carbon Nanofiber Sponges as High-Performance Microwave Absorbers with Infrared Camouflage.

Microwave absorbers with infrared camouflage are highly desirable in military fields. Self-supporting 3D architectures with tailorable shapes, composed of FeCoNi alloy/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) @ carbon nanofibers (CNFs), were fabricated in this study. On the one hand, multiple loss mechanisms were introduced into the high-elastic sponges.

TiO/SiO spiral crimped Janus fibers engineered for stretchable ceramic membranes with high-temperature resistance.

The tensile brittleness of ceramic nanofibrous materials makes them unable to withstand the relatively large fracture strain, greatly limiting their applications in extreme environments such as high or ultra-low temperatures. Herein, highly stretchable and elastic ceramic nanofibrous membranes composed of titanium dioxide/silicon dioxide (TiO/SiO) bicomponent spiral crimped Janus fibers were designed and synthesized conjugate electrospinning combined with calcination treatment. Owing to the opposite charges attached, the two fibers assembled side by side to form a Janus structure.

Direct synthesis of ultralight, elastic, high-temperature insulation N-doped TiO ceramic nanofibrous sponges conjugate electrospinning.

The design of three-dimensional ceramic nanofibrous materials with high-temperature insulation and flame-retardant characteristics is of significant interest due to the effectively improved mechanical properties. However, achieving a pure ceramic monolith with ultra-low density, high elasticity and toughness remains a great challenge. Herein, a low-cost, scalable strategy to fabricate ultralight and mechanically robust N-doped TiO ceramic nanofibrous sponges with a continuous stratified structure by conjugate electrospinning is reported.

Polylactic Acid/Calcium Stearate Hydrocharging Melt-Blown Nonwoven Fabrics for Respirator Applications.

Non-biodegradable polypropylene, which poses a serious threat to the environment, is the most utilized material in air filtration systems. Moreover, under conditions of high temperature and high humidity, the electrostatic charge in melt-blown nonwoven fabrics treated with traditional corona electrets will quickly dissipate. Here, biodegradable polylactic acid, calcium stearate, and an innovative hydrocharging technique are reported to develop environmentally friendly polylactic acid/calcium stearate hydrocharging melt-blown nonwoven fabrics with high charge stability.

Recent progress in TiO-based microwave absorption materials.

It is particularly important to develop high-performance microwave absorption (MA) materials to remediate the increasingly serious electromagnetic pollution. Recently, titanium dioxide-based (TiO-based) composites have become a research hotspot owing to their light weight and synergy loss mechanism. In this study, significant research progress in TiO-based complex-phase microwave absorption materials is reviewed, which involves carbon components, magnetic materials, polymers and so on.

Heat-conducting elastic ultrafine fiber sponges with boron nitride networks for noise reduction.

Industrial and traffic noise has become increasingly serious with the progress of industrialization. Most existing noise-absorbing materials suffer from poor heat dissipation and insufficient low-frequency (<1000 Hz) noise absorption, which not only reduces working efficiency but also leads to safety risks. Herein, heat-conducting elastic ultrafine fiber sponges with boron nitride (BN) networks were prepared by integrating direct electrospinning and impregnation method.

High Toughness Combined with High Strength in Oxide Ceramic Nanofibers.

Traditional oxide ceramics are inherently brittle and highly sensitive to defects, making them vulnerable to failure under external stress. As such, endowing these materials with high strength and high toughness simultaneously is crucial to improve their performance in most safety-critical applications. Fibrillation of the ceramic materials and further refinement of the fiber diameter, as realized by electrospinning, are expected to achieve the transformation from brittleness to flexibility owing to the structural uniqueness.

Fibrous MXene Aerogels with Tunable Pore Structures for High-Efficiency Desalination of Contaminated Seawater.

The seawater desalination based on solar-driven interfacial evaporation has emerged as a promising technique to alleviate the global crisis on freshwater shortage. However, achieving high desalination performance on actual, oil-contaminated seawater remains a critical challenge, because the transport channels and evaporation interfaces of the current solar evaporators are easily blocked by the oil slicks, resulting in undermined evaporation rate and conversion efficiency. Herein, we propose a facile strategy for fabricating a modularized solar evaporator based on flexible MXene aerogels with arbitrarily tunable, highly ordered cellular/lamellar pore structures for high-efficiency oil interception and desalination.

Conductivity optimization via intertwined CNTs between TiNbO@C microspheres for a superior performance Li-ion battery anode.

Titanium niobate (TiNbO, TNO) possesses attractive discharge voltage and reversibility, which is considered to be an ideal anode material of lithium ion battery (LIB). However, its rate capability is strictly limited by their poor conductivity. To improve this issue faced by traditional TNO electrodes, a hierarchical conductive optimization strategy has been proposed and fabricated by a facile spray drying approach.

Tailoring Nanoporous-Engineered Sponge Fiber Molecular Sieves with Ternary-Nested Architecture for Precise Molecular Separation.

Polymeric fiber molecular sieves (PFMs) with ultrahigh surface areas, well-defined Murray's-law hierarchical nanoporous structures, and superior self-standing properties are of great interest for molecular-level separation applications. However, creating such PFMs has been proven extremely challenging. Herein, we report a cross-scale pore-forming strategy to create intriguing sponge fiber molecular sieves with hierarchical, tailorable, and molecularly defined nanoporosity by nanospace-confined chain-packing modulation at the molecular level.

Ultrathin Zirconium Hydroxide Nanosheet-Assembled Nanofibrous Membranes for Rapid Degradation of Chemical Warfare Agents.

Organophosphorus-based chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are highly poisonous, and recent attacks using nerve agents have stimulated researchers to develop breakthrough materials for their fast degradation. Zr-based materials have been identified as the most effective catalysts for breaking down CWAs, but in their powdered form, their practical application in personal protective equipment is limited. Herein, a surface-confined strategy for the direct growth of vertically aligned zirconium hydroxide (Zr(OH) ) nanosheets with ultrathin and tortuous structures on nanofibers is reported.

In-situ electrospinning of thymol-loaded polyurethane fibrous membranes for waterproof, breathable, and antibacterial wound dressing application.

Skin-like flexible membrane with excellent water resistance and moisture permeability is an urgent need in the wound dressing field to provide comfort and protection for the wound site. Despite efforts that have been made in the development of waterproof and breathable (W&B) membranes, the in-situ electrospinning of W&B membranes suitable for irregular wound surfaces as wound dressings still faces huge challenges. In the current work, a portable electrospinning device with multi-functions, including adjustable perfusion speed for a large range from 0.

Visible-Light-Driven and Self-Hydrogen-Donated Nanofibers Enable Rapid-Deployable Antimicrobial Bioprotection.

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has prompted a worldwide pandemic and poses a great threat to public safety and global economies. Most present personal protective equipment (PPE) used to intercept pathogenic microorganisms is deficient in biocidal properties. Herein, we present green nanofibers with effective antibacterial and antiviral activities that can provide sustainable bioprotection by continuously producing reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Green-Solvent-Processed Fibrous Membranes with Water/Oil/Dust-Resistant and Breathable Performances for Protective Textiles.

Waterproof and breathable membranes (WBMs) are highly demanded worldwide due to their promising applications in outdoor protective clothing, medical hygiene, and electronic devices. However, the design of such materials integrated with environmental friendliness and high functionality has been considered a long-standing challenge. Herein, we report the green-solvent-processed polyamide fibrous membranes with amphiphobicity and bonding structure via ethanol-based electrospinning and water-based impregnating techniques, endowing the fibrous membranes with outstanding water/oil/dust-resistant and good breathable properties.

Yolk-Shell Fe/Fe N@Pd/C Magnetic Nanocomposite as an Efficient Recyclable ORR Electrocatalyst and SERS Substrate.

A yolk-shell Fe/Fe N@Pd/C (FFPC) nanocomposite is synthesized successfully by two facile steps: interfacial polymerization and annealing treatment. The concentration of Pd is the key factor for the density of Pd nanoparticles (Pd NPs) embedded in the carbon shells, which plays a role in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties. The ORR and SERS performances of FFPC nanocomposites under different concentrations of PdCl are investigated.

Self-Assembled 3D Hierarchical Copper Hydroxyphosphate Modified by the Oxidation of Copper Foil as a Recyclable, Wide Wavelength Photocatalyst.

In this work, three-dimensional flower-like and petal-like copper hydroxyphosphate Cu(OH)(PO) (CHP) based on the self-assembly of numerous nanosheets has been successfully fabricated on a copper foil by a mild one-pot wet-chemical method without ligand assistance. This research contributes to the development of the method to change the morphology of the CHP active material by varying the degree of substrate oxidation. The two different CHP architectures were used to photocatalytically degrade rhodamine 6G (Rh 6G) under solar light, which can absorb wide-range light wavelength from the UV to the near-infrared region.

Two hybrid Au-ZnO aggregates with different hierarchical structures: A comparable study in photocatalysis.

Two hierarchical ZnO micro/nano-materials have been prepared by a short-time (45min) hydrothermal reaction without any surfactants. The different morphologies have been characterized comprehensively by XRD, SEM, TEM and XPS technologies. The hierarchical micro- and nano-structures are respectively consisted by the subordinate nano-pieces and nano-hexagonal-rods.

Susceptibilities of Mycoplasma hominis to herbs.

To determine the susceptibilities of Mycoplasma homonis (M. hominis) to Chinese medicinal herbs in vitro, 30 clinical strains of M. hominis were isolated and identified from the clinical specimen.