Identification of candidate genes for leaf size by QTL mapping and transcriptome sequencing in Brassica napus L.

Leaf is the main photosynthetic organ at the seedling stage of rapeseed and leaf size is a crucial agronomic trait affecting rapeseed yield. Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying leaf size is therefore important for rapeseed breeding. In this study, QTL mapping for three traits related to leaf size, i.

Mining Candidate Genes for Leaf Angle in L. by Combining QTL Mapping and RNA Sequencing Analysis.

Leaf angle (LA) is an important trait of plant architecture, and individuals with narrow LA can better capture canopy light under high-density planting, which is beneficial for increasing the overall yield per unit area. To study the genetic basis and molecular regulation mechanism of leaf angle in rapeseed, we carried out a series of experiments. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping was performed using the RIL population, and seven QTLs were identified.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the trihelix transcription factor family in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under abiotic stress.

Background: The plant trihelix gene family is among the earliest discovered transcription factor families, and it is vital in modulating light, plant growth, and stress responses.

Methods: The identification and characterization of trihelix family members in the sesame genome were analyzed by bioinformatics methods, and the expression patterns of sesame trihelix genes were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR.

Results: There were 34 trihelix genes discovered in the genome of sesame, which were irregularly distributed among 10 linkage groups.

Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Subfamily in .

The R2R3-MYB sub-family proteins are composed of most members of MYB (v-Myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog) protein, a plant-specific transcription factor (TF) that is classified into four classes depending on the number of MYB repeats. R2R3-MYB TFs are involved in physiological and biochemical processes. However, the functions of the genes are still mainly unknown.

[Identification of soybean gene family and analysis of expression patterns under salt and drought stresses].

Galactinol synthase (GolS) is a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) and plays an important role in plant responses to abiotic stresses. However, the molecular characteristics of the family members in soybean was not well-known. In this study, six members of gene family were genome-widely identified, and their physicochemical properties, chromosomal localization, evolutionary relationship, gene structure, conserved motifs, secondary structure, tertiary structure, tissue-specific expression patterns and the expression levels under salt and drought stresses were analyzed.

Comprehensive Profiling of Tubby-Like Proteins in Soybean and Roles of the Gene in Abiotic Stress Responses.

Tubby-like proteins (TLPs) are transcription factors that are widely present in eukaryotes and generally participate in growth and developmental processes. Using genome databases, a total of 22 putative genes were identified in the soybean genome, and unevenly distributed across 13 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the predicted GmTLP proteins were divided into five groups (I-V).

Conservation and Divergence of the Genes Related to Flowering and Circadian Rhythm in .

The genes are important signaling component in the photoperiod pathway and flowering regulation pathway. However, people still know little about their role in . To achieve a better understanding of the members of the gene family, reveal their evolutionary relationship and related functions involved in photoperiod regulation, we systematically analyzed the family members in genome.

Comprehensive Characterization and Expression Profiling of Gene Family in Rapeseed.

TCP proteins are plant-specific transcription factors that have multipurpose roles in plant developmental procedures and stress responses. Therefore, a genome-wide analysis was performed to categorize the genes in the rapeseed genome. In this study, a total of 80 genes were identified in the rapeseed genome and grouped into two main classes (PCF and CYC/TB1) according to phylogenetic analysis.

Crop straw retention influenced crop yield and greenhouse gas emissions under various external conditions.

Crop straw retention is a strongly recommended practice for sustainable agricultural production in China. However, a comprehensive analysis of straw retention effects on crop yield, NO and CH emissions, net greenhouse gas (NGHG), and net greenhouse gas intensity (NGHGI) and their response to various external influence factors, including location/climatic conditions, soil properties, and field management practices, in a national scale were easily ignored. Based on the collected published literatures, we found that straw retention improved crop yield and NO and CH emissions by 4.

Expression Analyses of Soybean VOZ Transcription Factors and the Role of in Drought and Salt Stress Tolerance.

Vascular plant one-zinc-finger (VOZ) transcription factor, a plant specific one-zinc-finger-type transcriptional activator, is involved in regulating numerous biological processes such as floral induction and development, defense against pathogens, and response to multiple types of abiotic stress. Six VOZ transcription factor-encoding genes () have been reported to exist in the soybean () genome. In spite of this, little information is currently available regarding In this study, were cloned and characterized.

High Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Prisoners, Tianjin, China.

The high incidence of tuberculosis (TB) among prisoners calls for interventions to identify latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) before disease onset. To identify LTBI prevalence among prisoners and factors associated with it, we conducted a cross-sectional study in Tianjin. We randomly sampled 959 HIV-negative adult prisoners by ward clusters in 5 prisons and determined LTBI by seropositivity using an interferon-γ release assay.

The Soybean Transcription Factor Gene Confers Drought and Salt Resistances in Transgenic Plants.

Abiotic stresses, such as drought and salt, are major environmental stresses, affecting plant growth and crop productivity. Plant bZIP transcription factors (bZIPs) confer stress resistances in harsh environments and play important roles in each phase of plant growth processes. In this research, 15 soybean bZIP family members were identified from drought-induced de novo transcriptomic sequences of soybean, which were unevenly distributed across 12 soybean chromosomes.

Biochar effects on crop yields and nitrogen loss depending on fertilization.

Biochar (BC) application to low fertility soils is a promising approach to increase crop yield, improve soil quality, and mitigate climate change simultaneously. Only few studies evaluated the combined effects of BC and nitrogen (N) fertilization rates on crop productivity and N losses under field conditions. The objectives were to investigate combined effects of BC (2 rates) and N (5 rates) fertilization on crop productivity and N losses in a long-term field experiment started in 2008 in a winter wheat/summer maize rotation system in the North China Plain.

Morpho-anatomical and physiological responses to waterlogging of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.).

Waterlogging threatens severely to the sesame production in China, India and Burma, which are the top three sesame producers of the world. It was of great importance to explore the dynamics and mechanisms of action of anaerobic proteins and antioxidant enzymes together with the morph-anatomic adaptions in waterlogged sesame. The sesame accessions ZZM2541 and Ezhi-2 respond to waterlogging in considerably different performance.

Association analysis for quality traits in a diverse panel of Chinese sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm.

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of a sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) panel for association analysis, and investigate the genetic basis of oil content (OC), protein content, oleic acid concentration, and linoleic acid concentration using association mapping. A panel of 216 sesame accessions was phenotyped in a multi-environment trial and fingerprinted with 608 polymorphic loci produced by 79 primers, including simple sequence repeats (SSRs), sequence-related amplified polymorphisms (SRAPs), and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs).

Genetic diversity assessment of sesame core collection in China by phenotype and molecular markers and extraction of a mini-core collection.

Background: Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the four major oil crops in China. A sesame core collection (CC) was established in China in 2000, but no complete study on its genetic diversity has been carried out at either the phenotypic or molecular level.

Characterization of the sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) global transcriptome using Illumina paired-end sequencing and development of EST-SSR markers.

Background: Sesame is an important oil crop, but limited transcriptomic and genomic data are currently available. This information is essential to clarify the fatty acid and lignan biosynthesis molecular mechanism. In addition, a shortage of sesame molecular markers limits the efficiency and accuracy of genetic breeding.

Transcriptional regulation of 10 mitochondrial genes in different tissues of NCa CMS system in Brassica napus L. and their relationship with sterility.

Northern blot analysis was conducted with mitochondrial RNA from seedling leaves, floral buds, and developing seeds of NCa CMS, maintainer line and fertile F(1) using ten mitochondrial genes as probes. The results revealed that 9 out of the 10 mitochondrial genes, except for atp6, showed no difference in different tissues of the corresponding materials of NCa CMS system and that they might be constitutively expressed genes. Eight genes, such as orf139, orf222, atp1, cox1, cox2, cob, rrn5S, and rrn26S, showed no difference among the three tissues of all the materials detected.

[Advanced biological studies on the cytoplasmic male sterility and its fertility restoration in plants].

It was reviewed here that the major advances of biological research on the cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) and its fertility restoration in plants in the past decade. It focused on the identification of the cms- associated regions in the plant mitochondrial genome and their expressing profile, the possible mechanisms of cms and of fertility restoration, the genetics and localization of the restorer genes and their molecular characteristics. Sequencing the mitochondrial genome in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice were completed and their bio-information and subsequent researching advances would greatly impelled the similar work in other plants.