A high-throughput screening platform to identify expression inhibitors for liver cancer therapy.

MYCN, an oncogene implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is predominantly expressed in cancer stem-like HCC cells. It drives tumorigenicity, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. In this study, we hypothesized that the pharmacological inhibition of MYCN could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for HCC.

Enhanced metabolic regulation in II/R injury: Comparing multiroute and monoroute enteral nutrition.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of enteral nutrition (EN) administered via multiroute or via monoroute on metabolic regulation in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (II/R) injury rat model.

Methods: The rats were divided into sham operation and II/R injury groups. The rats in each group were further treated with either multiroute or monoroute EN.

Type 3 deiodinase activation mediated by the Shh/Gli1 axis promotes sepsis-induced metabolic dysregulation in skeletal muscles.

Background: Non-thyroidal illness syndrome is commonly observed in critically ill patients, characterized by the inactivation of systemic thyroid hormones (TH), which aggravates metabolic dysfunction. Recent evidence indicates that enhanced TH inactivation is mediated by the reactivation of type 3 deiodinase (Dio3) at the tissue level, culminating in a perturbed local metabolic equilibrium. This study assessed whether targeted inhibition of Dio3 can maintain tissue metabolic homeostasis under septic conditions and explored the mechanism behind Dio3 reactivation.

Identification of a novel heterozygous GPD1 missense variant in a Chinese adult patient with recurrent HTG-AP consuming a high-fat diet and heavy smoking.

Background: Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (GPD1) gene defect can cause hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), which usually occurs in infants. The gene defect has rarely been reported in adult HTG patients. In the present study, we described the clinical and functional analyses of a novel GPD1 missense variant in a Chinese adult patient with recurrent hypertriglyceridemia‑related acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP), consuming a high-fat diet and smoking heavily.

Establishment of an Early Prediction Model for Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome-Associated Encephalitis.

Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease primarily transmitted by ticks. The development of encephalitis in SFTS patients significantly increases the risk of adverse outcomes. However, the understanding of SFTS-associated encephalitis (SFTSAE) is still limited.

Iron metabolism indexes as predictors of the incidence of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney surgery.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major complication following cardiac surgery. We explored the clinical utility of iron metabolism indexes for identification of patients at risk for AKI after cardiac surgery.

Methods: This prospective observational study included patients who underwent cardiac surgery between March 2023 and June 2023.

[Inhibition of type 3 deiodinase expression can improve mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle of sepsis by up-regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α].

Objective: To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of targeted inhibition of type 3 deiodinase (Dio3) on skeletal muscle mitochondria in sepsis.

Methods: (1) In vivo experiments: adeno-associated virus (AAV) was employed to specifically target Dio3 expression in the anterior tibial muscle of rats, and a septic rat model was generated using cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into shNC+Sham group, shD3+Sham group, shNC+CLP group, and shD3+CLP group by random number table method, with 8 rats in each group.

Macrophage MKL1 contributes to cardiac fibrosis in a mouse model of myocardial infarction.

Aims: Cardiac fibrosis is characterized by aberrant collagen deposition in the heart. Macrophage polarization or infiltration is the main reason to accelerate the collagen deposition. We attempted to investigate the involvement of MKL1 in macrophages during the development of cardiac fibrosis.

Corn Oligopeptide Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating the Sirtuin Signaling Pathway.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the most prevalent type of chronic liver disease, spanning from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Corn oligopeptide (CP) is a functional peptide known for its diverse pharmacological effects on metabolism. In this study, we evaluated the protective activity of CP against fatty liver disease.

[Predictive value of lipoproteins on progression to chronic critical illness in intensive care unit patients].

Objective: To explore the predictive value of lipoproteins on the progression of critically ill patients to chronic critical illness (CCI).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze clinical data of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2022. The levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and apolipoproteins (ApoA-I, ApoB) at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after admission to ICU were collected.

Relationship between serum sodium level and sepsis-induced coagulopathy.

Purpose: A discussion about the correlation between the level of serum sodium and sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on sepsis patients who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022. Based on the presence of coagulation disorders, the patients were divided into two groups: sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) and non-sepsis-induced coagulopathy (non-SIC) groups.

Chinese experts' consensus on the application of intensive care big data.

The development of intensive care medicine is inseparable from the diversified monitoring data. Intensive care medicine has been closely integrated with data since its birth. Critical care research requires an integrative approach that embraces the complexity of critical illness and the computational technology and algorithms that can make it possible.

[Experimental study on high-frequency subharmonic scattering characteristics of ultrasound contrast agent microbubbles under low ambient pressure].

Correlation between nonlinear subharmonic scattering of ultrasound contrast agent microbubbles and ambient pressure is expected to be used for local brain tissue pressure monitoring. Although high-frequency ultrasound has achieved high-resolution imaging of intracranial microvessels, the research on high-frequency subharmonic scattering characteristics of microbubbles is insufficient at present, which restricts the research progress of estimating local brain tissue pressure based on high-frequency subharmonic scattering of microbubbles. Therefore, under the excitation of 10 MHz high-frequency ultrasound, the effects of different acoustic pressures and ambient pressures on the high-frequency subharmonic scattering characteristics of three different ultrasound contrast agents including SonoVue, Sonazoid and Huashengxian were investigated in this study.

Acute muscle wasting rate assessment and long-term mortality in critically ill trauma.

Background And Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between acute muscle wasting rate and long-term mortality in critically ill trauma.

Methods And Study Design: A single-center, retrospective study was conducted in critically ill trauma. Patients with Computed Tomography scans including the L3 vertebra within 24 hours and at 1 week after trauma were recruited.

Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Sonography for the Diagnosis of Intracranial Hypertension in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Timely diagnosis and management of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) can significantly reduce mortality rates. Ultrasound examination of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is considered a potential, noninvasive, and effective method for assessing ICP. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of ONSD ultrasound detection and invasive ICP monitoring methods to compare and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ONSD ultrasound detection methods for intracranial hypertension (IH) in patients with TBI.

Corrigendum: Acute gastrointestinal injury and altered gut microbiota are related to sepsis-induced cholestasis in patients with intra-abdominal infection: a retrospective and prospective observational study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.

Acute gastrointestinal injury and altered gut microbiota are related to sepsis-induced cholestasis in patients with intra-abdominal infection: a retrospective and prospective observational study.

Background: Sepsis-associated liver dysfunction (SALD) has high incidence and mortality in patients with intra-abdominal infection (IAI). The associations between acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI), gut microbiota, and SALD were evaluated in patients with IAI.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to assess the relationship between AGI and SALD in patients with IAI.

Association of longitudinal changes in skeletal muscle mass with prognosis and nutritional intake in acutely hospitalized patients with abdominal trauma: a retrospective observational study.

Background: The objective of this study was to explore whether longitudinal changes in skeletal muscle mass, from hospital admission to 3  weeks post-trauma, are associated with poor prognosis and nutritional intake in acutely hospitalized patients with abdominal trauma.

Methods: A single-center retrospective observational review was conducted on 103 patients with abdominal trauma admitted to the Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University between January 2010 and April 2020. Skeletal muscle mass was assessed by abdominal computed tomography (CT) performed within 14 days before surgery and on post-trauma days 1-3 (week 0), 7-10 (week 1), 14-17 (week 2), and 21-24 (week 3).

Targeting transglutaminase 2 mediated exostosin glycosyltransferase 1 signaling in liver cancer stem cells with acyclic retinoid.

Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a multifunctional protein that promotes or suppresses tumorigenesis, depending on intracellular location and conformational structure. Acyclic retinoid (ACR) is an orally administered vitamin A derivative that prevents hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence by targeting liver cancer stem cells (CSCs). In this study, we examined the subcellular location-dependent effects of ACR on TG2 activity at a structural level and characterized the functional role of TG2 and its downstream molecular mechanism in the selective depletion of liver CSCs.

Rapid Identification of Pathogens in Severe Pneumonia by Species-specific Bacterial Detector (SSBD).

Fast and accurate detection of pathogenic bacterial infection in patients with severe pneumonia is significant to its treatment. The traditional culture method currently used by most medical institutions relies on a time-consuming culture process (over two days) that is unable to meet clinical needs. Rapid, accurate, and convenient species-specific bacterial detector (SSBD) has been developed to provide timely information on pathogenic bacteria.

Biochemical characterization of RNase R 2'-O-methylation sensitivity.

RNase R is a member of the RNA exonuclease family that digests RNA in the 3'-5' direction. Previous studies have identified RNase R from Mycoplasma genitalium (MgR) as the only RNA exonuclease that is sensitive to 2'-O-methylation (Nm) modification. However, the mechanism underlying this characteristic is not well understood.

Real-Time Prediction of Sepsis in Critical Trauma Patients: Machine Learning-Based Modeling Study.

Background: Sepsis is a leading cause of death in patients with trauma, and the risk of mortality increases significantly for each hour of delay in treatment. A hypermetabolic baseline and explosive inflammatory immune response mask clinical signs and symptoms of sepsis in trauma patients, making early diagnosis of sepsis more challenging. Machine learning-based predictive modeling has shown great promise in evaluating and predicting sepsis risk in the general intensive care unit (ICU) setting, but there has been no sepsis prediction model specifically developed for trauma patients so far.

A novel mini-invasive step-up approach for the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis with extensive infected necrosis: A single center case series study.

Rationale: Complete removal of necrosis is critical for treating patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) presenting infection of pancreatic necrosis (IPN). Frequently used mini-invasive methods include the surgical step-up approach suitable for necrosis extending laterally, whereas the endoscopic step-up approach is suitable for medial necrosis. However, in patients with extensive IPN, either approach alone usually has limited treatment effects.

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Is Associated with Acute Kidney Injury after Abdominal Trauma Based on the Generalized Propensity Score Approach: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) after trauma. However, the associations between different adipose tissue depots and AKI remain unknown. Our study aimed to quantify the effect of abdominal adiposity on AKI in trauma patients.

Application of a novel artificial perfusate based on oxygen-carrying nanoparticles in normothermic machine perfusion for porcine liver preservation after cardiac death.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of a novel artificial perfusate based on oxygen-carrying perfluoronaphthalene-albumin nanoparticles in normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) for preservation of porcine liver donation after cardiac death.

Methods: Artificial perfusate with perfluoronaphthalene-albumin nanoparticles was prepared at 5% albumin (w/v) and its oxygen carrying capacity was calculated. The livers of 16 Landrace pigs were isolated after 1 h of warm ischemia, and then they were divided into 4 groups and preserved continuously for 24 h with different preservation methods: cold preservation with UW solution (SCS group), NMP preservation by whole blood (blood NMP group), NMP preservation by artificial perfusate without nanoparticles (non-nanoparticles NMP group) and NMP preservation by artificial perfusate containing nanoparticles (nanoparticles NMP group).