Alterations of gut microbiota and metabolome are associated with primary nephrotic syndrome in children.

Background: Primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) is a common glomerular disease in children. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota acts as a cause of Treg abnormalities. However, the intestinal metabolic impact of PNS with children remains poorly understood.

Osteoporosis in postmenopausal women is associated with disturbances in gut microbiota and migration of peripheral immune cells.

Background: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) results from a reduction in bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration in bone tissue due to estrogen deficiency, which may increase the incidence of fragility fractures. In recent years, the "gut-immune response-bone" axis has been proposed as a novel potential approach in the prevention and treatment of PMO. Studies on ovariectomized murine model indicated the reciprocal role of Th17 cells and Treg cells in the aetiology of osteoporosis.

α-linolenic acid mitigates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation of schizophrenia in mice by suppressing the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway via binding GPR120-β-arrestin 2.

Background: Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a heterogeneous psychiatric disorder that is poorly treated by current therapies. Emerging evidence indicates that SCZ is closely correlated with a persistent neuroinflammation. α-linolenic acid (ALA) is highly concentrated in the brain and represents a modulator of the immune system by decreasing the inflammatory response in chronic metabolic diseases.

Clostridium butyricum inhibits the inflammation in children with primary nephrotic syndrome by regulating Th17/Tregs balance via gut-kidney axis.

Background: Primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) is a common glomerular disease in children. Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum), a probiotic producing butyric acid, exerts effective in regulating inflammation.

Butyrate alleviates alcoholic liver disease-associated inflammation through macrophage regulation and polarization via the HDAC1/miR-155 axis.

Background: We recently found that butyrate could ameliorate inflammation of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice. However, the exact mechanism remains incompletely comprehended. Here, we examined the role of butyrate on ALD-associated inflammation through macrophage (Mψ) regulation and polarization using in vivo and in vitro experiments.

Research progress of scar repair and its influence on physical and mental health.

A scar is a normal and an inevitable physiological response to the natural healing process of wounds or trauma in the human body. The essence of scar is a kind of abnormal and unsound tissue that does not possess the structure, physiological function and vitality of normal skin tissue. Scars not only affect the beauty of the body surface, but also impede the physiological function of the related tissues and organs, and even lead to deformities.

Immunological mechanisms of scarring and their psychological impact on patients.

A scar is a local symptom, which results from severe physical, biological and chemical damage to human skin and soft tissue. Scars can affect both skin appearance and function. The affected skin or soft tissue cannot be completely repaired normally by itself and is replaced by formed fibrous tissue.