Evaluation of Anti-CAR Linker mAbs for CAR T Monitoring after BiTEs/bsAbs and CAR T-Cell Pretreatment.

For the monitoring of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies, antigen-based CAR detection methods are usually applied. However, for each target-antigen, a separate detection system is required. Furthermore, when monitored CAR T-cells in the blood of patients treated with bispecific antibodies or T-cell engagers (bsAbs/BiTEs) recognize the same antigen, these methods produce false-positive results in clinical diagnostics.

Conserved Characteristics of NMPylation Activities of Alpha- and Betacoronavirus NiRAN Domains.

Coronavirus genome replication and expression are mediated by the viral replication-transcription complex (RTC) which is assembled from multiple nonstructural proteins (nsp). Among these, nsp12 represents the central functional subunit. It harbors the RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain and contains, at its N terminus, an additional domain called NiRAN which is widely conserved in coronaviruses and other nidoviruses.

Extracellular Vesicles of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Can be Taken Up by Microglial Cells and Partially Prevent the Stimulation Induced by β-amyloid.

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have great capacity for immune regulation. MSCs provide protective paracrine effects, which are partially exerted by extracellular vesicles (EVs). It has been reported that MSCs-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) contain soluble factors, such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and even microRNAs, which confer them similar anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects to MSCs.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Microvesicles Modulate Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Inflammatory Responses to Microglia Cells.

Microglia cells are the central nervous system immune cells and have been pointed out as the main mediators of the inflammation leading to neurodegenerative disorders. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous population of cells with very high self-renewal properties and uncomplicated in vitro culture. Research has shown that MSCs have the capacity to induce tissue regeneration and reduce inflammation.

Incidence of metachronous contralateral inguinal hernias in children following unilateral repair - A meta-analysis of prospective studies.

Purpose: The objective of this review was to systematically evaluate the incidence of a metachronous contralateral inguinal hernia (MCIH) in children with unilateral inguinal hernia and therefore to propose or to reject routine contralateral groin exploration.

Methods: Electronic searches restricted to prospective studies with a minimal follow-up of 1year included MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.

Results: Six studies involving 1669 children were included.

Isocyanates.

Owing to the widespread use of isocyanate-derived products across multiple industries, it is important for physicians to be aware of their sensitizing potential. We first provide a general overview of isocyanates and the industries that may be associated with exposure to these compounds. This is followed by a description of the most commonly used isocyanate products in commercial patch test preparations.

Fragrance series testing in eyelid dermatitis.

Background: Allergic contact dermatitis is considered one of the most common causes of eyelid dermatitis. In addition to metals and topical antibiotics, fragrances have emerged as a leading source of contact allergy for individuals with this condition.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the added benefit of including a fragrance tray when patch testing patients presenting with eyelid dermatitis.

Flare of pustular psoriasis after initiating ustekinumab therapy.

Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapy has been paradoxically associated with the new development or worsening of existing psoriasis. We describe the case of a patient who experienced a flare of pustular psoriasis after initiating anti-interleukin-12/23 therapy, which subsequently improved following discontinuation of the drug.

Psoriasis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Several recent studies have found an increased prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease within psoriasis patients. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms behind these observations are unclear, but are likely related to the high prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome within this patient population. Chronic inflammation, mediated by either proinflammatory adipokines or skin-derived cytokines, may contribute to fatty liver disease development by increasing insulin resistance which in turn promotes hepatic lipid accumulation.

Cystic fibrosis presenting with dermatitis.

Background: Patients with cystic fibrosis classically present with evidence of pulmonary disease, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, and high sweat chloride concentrations. Dermatitis as an initial manifestation of the disease is uncommon and has been attributed to multiple nutritional deficiencies.

Observation: We describe the case of a 3-month-old female infant with cystic fibrosis presenting with dermatitis in the setting of protein-energy malnutrition.

Anti-human CD4 induces peripheral tolerance in a human CD4+, murine CD4-, HLA-DR+ advanced transgenic mouse model.

Selection in vivo of potent mAbs to human CD4 useful for immunotherapy, e.g., for the induction of immunological tolerance, is restricted for ethical reasons.

The role of cpg sequences in the induction of anti-DNA antibodies.

To investigate the role of CpG sequences in anti-DNA induction, immunization experiments were performed in mice to assess the immunogenicity of native Escherichia coli (EC) and calf thymus (CT) in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. The effects of CpG sequences were further tested by comparing the adjuvant properties of a synthetic phosphorothioate oligonucleotide with a CpG motif to one with a GpC sequence. Both EC and CT DNA alone induced a limited anti-DNA response.

Concentrations of prostaglandin A-, E- and F-like substances in gastric mucosa of normal subjects and of patients with various gastric diseases.

1. Prostaglandin A-, prostaglandin E- and prostaglandin F-like substances were determined radioimmunologically in antral biopsy material obtained by endoscopy. 2.

Effects of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin of Staphylococcus aureus on Leukocytes from Patients with Leukemia.

Mature granulocytes from six patients with myelocytic leukemia and monocytic cells from two patients with monocytic leukemia were damaged after incubation with leukocidin from Staphylococcus aureus. The immature granulocytes were not significantly affected. The lymphocytic cells from one patient with lymphocytic leukemia were not markedly damaged.