Background: Previous studies have indicated that ψ-modified small RNAs play crucial roles in tumor metastasis. However, the ψ-modified small RNAs during metastasis of PTC are still unclear.
Methods: We compared the pseudouridine synthase 7 (PUS7) alteration between metastatic and non-metastatic PTCs, and investigated its correlation with clinicopathological features.
Background: Accurate measurement of pulsatile blood flow in the coronary arteries enables coronary wave intensity analysis, which can serve as an indicator for assessing coronary artery physiology and myocardial viability. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods integrating coronary angiography images and fractional flow reserve (FFR) offer a novel approach for computing mean coronary blood flow. However, previous methods neglect the inertial effect of blood flow, which may have great impact on pulsatile blood flow calculation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection leads to liver cirrhosis (LC), the end stage of liver fibrosis. The precise diagnosis and effective therapy for hepatitis B cirrhosis are still lacking. It is highly necessary to elucidate the metabolic alteration, especially the spatial distribution of metabolites, in LC progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPexidartinib (PLX3397), a colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor, is currently in phase 1-3 clinical trials as a treatment for a variety of tumours. CSF1R signalling regulates the development, survival and maintenance of microglia, the resident brain innate immune cells. In this study, we examined the effects of PLX3397 in the drinking water of mice on microglia in the hippocampus using ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1, a microglial marker) immunocytochemistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: IgA nephropathy (IgAN), (LN), membranous nephropathy (MN), and minimal change nephropathy (MCN) are all belonged to autoimmune glomerulonephritis. This study aimed to identify the specific proteomic characteristics of the four GNs diseases in order to provide frameworks for developing the appropriate drug for patients diagnosed with GNs disease.
Methods: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was utilized to investigate proteomic features of glomerular tissues obtained by laser capture microdissection (LCM).
Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the final stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition to the structurally intact chromosome genomic DNA, there is a double-stranded circular DNA called extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA), which is thought to be involved in the epigenetic regulation of human disease. However, the features of eccDNA in ESRD patients are barely known.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Cell Int
November 2022
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers and is mainly developed from chronic liver diseases such as hepatitis-B infection-associated liver cirrhosis (LC). The progression from LC to HCC makes the detection of diagnostic biomarkers to be challenging. Hence, there have been constant efforts to improve on identifying the critical and predictive changes accompanying the disease progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetabolic heterogeneity of cancer contributes significantly to its poor treatment outcomes and prognosis. As a result, studies continue to focus on identifying new biomarkers and metabolic vulnerabilities, both of which depend on the understanding of altered metabolism in cancer. In the recent decades, the rise of mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enables the detection of large numbers of small molecules in tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn solid tumours, elevated interstitial fluid pressure (osmotic and hydrostatic pressure) is a barrier to drug delivery and correlates with poor prognosis. Glioblastoma (GBM) further experience compressive force when growing within a space limited by the skull. Caveolae are proposed to play mechanosensing roles, and caveola-forming proteins are overexpressed in GBM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBoth hydrostatic and osmotic pressures are altered in the tumour microenvironment. Glioblastoma (GBM) is a brain tumour with high invasiveness and poor prognosis. We hypothesized that physical and osmotic forces regulate glioblastoma (GBM) invasiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain cancer. The average survival time for the majority of patients is approximately 15 months after diagnosis. A major feature of GBM that contributes to its poor prognosis is its high invasiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a worldwide zoonosis caused by E. multilocularis. Humans become infected through oral ingestion of the eggs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMacrophages are abundant in the tumor microenvironment where they adopt a pro-tumor phenotype following alternative polarization induced by paracrine factors from cancer and stromal cells. In contrast, classically activated macrophages have tumoricidal activities, such that the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages has become a novel therapeutic target. Toll-like receptor 4 engagement promotes classical activation of macrophages, and recent literature suggests TLR4 agonism to prevent metastasis and promote survival in experimental metastasis models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis report compared the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of the leaves, flowers, and stems of Potentilla fruticosa L. collected from two main production areas of P. R.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity is associated with an increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. It is of paramount importance to reduce obesity-associated cardiac dysfunction and impaired energy metabolism. In this study, the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway by punicalagin (PU), a major ellagitannin in pomegranate was investigated in the heart of a rat obesity model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEight phenolic compounds were isolated using bio-guided isolation and purified from the roots of Astragalus taipaishanensis Y. C. Ho et S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHydroxytyrosol (HT) is a major polyphenolic compound found in olive oil with reported anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the neuroprotective effect of HT on type 2 diabetes remains unknown. In the present study, db/db mice and SH-SY-5Y neuroblastoma cells were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of HT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Complement Altern Med
November 2013
Background: Extracts from Potentilla species have been applied in traditional medicine and exhibit antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and anti-ulcerogenic properties, but little has been known about the diversity of phytochemistry and pharmacology on this genus. This study investigated and compared the phytochemical profiles, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of leaf extracts from three Potentilla species (Potentilla fruticosa, Potentilla glabra and Potentilla parvifolia) in order to discover new resources for lead structures and pharmaceutical products.
Methods: Chemical composition and content of six phenolic compounds were evaluated and determined by RP-HPLC; Total phenolic and total flavonoid content were determined using Folin-Ciocalteau colourimetric method and sodium borohydride/chloranil-based method (SBC); Antioxidant activities were determined using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays; Antimicrobial properties were investigated by agar dilution and mycelial growth rate method.
The antioxidant activities of five extracts from Polygonatum odoratum rhizomes were measured by three antioxidant assays in vitro. The crude flavonoid extracts (FE) exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity among all extracts with IC(50/DPPH) = 0.06 ± 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA new flavonol glycoside together with five known phenolic compounds were isolated from the whole herb of Callianthemum taipaicum. The compounds were identified as isorhamnetin-3-O-α-L-arabinoside-7-O-β-D-glucoside (1), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (2), dibutyl phthalate (3), (+)-1-hydroxylpinoresinol-4'-β-D-glucoside (4), pinoresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucoside (5) and 2-phenylethyl-β-primeveroside (6). Compound 1 was identified as a new flavonol glycoside.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF