Transfer of disulfide bond formation modules via yeast artificial chromosomes promotes the expression of heterologous proteins in .

is a food-safe yeast with great potential for producing heterologous proteins. Improving the yield in remains a challenge and incorporating large-scale functional modules poses a technical obstacle in engineering. To address these issues, linear and circular yeast artificial chromosomes of (KmYACs) were constructed and loaded with disulfide bond formation modules from or .

Coupling thermotolerance and high production of recombinant protein by CYR1 mutation via cAMP signaling cascades.

In recombinant protein-producing yeast strains, cells experience high production-related stresses similar to high temperatures. It is possible to increase recombinant protein production by enhancing thermotolerance, but few studies have focused on this topic. Here we aim to identify cellular regulators that can simultaneously activate thermotolerance and high yield of recombinant protein.

Chromosome-level genome of Camellia lanceoleosa provides a valuable resource for understanding genome evolution and self-incompatibility.

The section Oleifera (Theaceae) has attracted attention for the high levels of unsaturated fatty acids found in its seeds. Here, we report the chromosome-scale genome of the sect. Oleifera using diploid wild Camellia lanceoleosa with a final size of 3.

Comparison of calcium and ultrasonic treatment on fruit firmness, pectin composition and cell wall-related enzymes of postharvest apricot during storage.

This study was conducted to examine the effects of calcium treatment (2%, 20 min) and ultrasonic treatment (400 W, 20 min) on postharvest apricot fruit during storage. The results showed that after calcium and ultrasonic treatment, compared with the control, the firmness of apricot fruit increased by 41.53% and 3.

Genome-Wide Identification and Function of Aquaporin Genes During Dormancy and Sprouting Periods of Kernel-Using Apricot ( L.).

Aquaporins (AQPs) are essential channel proteins that play a major role in plant growth and development, regulate plant water homeostasis, and transport uncharged solutes across biological membranes. In this study, 33 genes were systematically identified from the kernel-using apricot ( L.) genome and divided into five subfamilies based on phylogenetic analyses.

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of basswood ( maxim.).

Herein, we report the complete chloroplast genome of Maxim. from Tiliaceae. The chloroplast genome of is 162,804 bp, with a large single copy region of 91,255 bp, small single copy region of 20,355 bp, and two inverted-repeat regions of 25,597 bp.

Comparative Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Specific Features of Gene Regulation in .

is a promising host for producing bioethanol and heterologous proteins. It displays many superior traits to a conventional industrial yeast species, , including fast growth, thermotolerance and the capacity to assimilate a wider variety of sugars. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the fast-growing feature of .

The Osmotin-Like Protein Gene Is Involved in Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis during Wood Formation in Poplar.

Osmotin-like proteins (OLPs) mediate defenses against abiotic and biotic stresses and fungal pathogens in plants. However, no OLPs have been functionally elucidated in poplar. Here, we report an osmotin-like protein designated from (Marsh.

Integrative analysis of AR-mediated transcriptional regulatory network reveals IRF1 as an inhibitor of prostate cancer progression.

Background: Androgen receptor (AR) is crucial for prostate cancer (PCa) initiation and malignant progression. Only half of androgen-responsive genes have been identified as having androgen-responsive elements, suggesting that AR regulates downstream genes through other transcriptional factors. However, whether and how AR regulates the progression via regulating these androgen-responsive genes remains unclear.

developing ethanol tolerance during adaptive evolution with significant improvements of multiple pathways.

Background: , the known fastest-growing eukaryote on the earth, has remarkable thermotolerance and capacity to utilize various agricultural residues to produce low-cost bioethanol, and hence is industrially important to resolve the imminent energy shortage crisis. Currently, the poor ethanol tolerance hinders its operable application in the industry, and it is necessary to improve ' ethanol resistance and unravel the underlying systematical mechanisms. However, this has been seldom reported to date.

Cold Influences Male Reproductive Development in Plants: A Hazard to Fertility, but a Window for Evolution.

Being sessile organisms, plants suffer from various abiotic stresses including low temperature. In particular, male reproductive development of plants is extremely sensitive to cold which may dramatically reduce viable pollen shed and plant fertility. Cold stress disrupts stamen development and prominently interferes with the tapetum, with the stress-responsive hormones ABA and gibberellic acid being greatly involved.

Proline-rich protein gene PdPRP regulates secondary wall formation in poplar.

Proline-rich protein (PRP) is a plant cell wall associated protein. Its distinct patterns of regulation and localization studied in a number of plants indicate that it may play important roles in growth and development. However, the mechanism of how these genes control secondary cell wall development in tree species is largely unknown.

Mutational Mtc6p attenuates autophagy and improves secretory expression of heterologous proteins in Kluyveromyces marxianus.

Background: The yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus is an emerging cell factory for heterologous protein biosynthesis and its use holds tremendous advantages for multiple applications. However, which genes influence the productivity of desired proteins in K. marxianus has so far been investigated by very few studies.

Characterization of Glycolytic Pathway Genes Using RNA-Seq in Developing Kernels of Eucommia ulmoides.

Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, the only member of the Eucommiaceae family, is a rare and valuable tree used to produce a highly valued traditional Chinese medicine and contains α-linolenic acid (ALA) up to 60% of the total fatty acids in the kernels (embryos). Glycolysis provides both cellular energy and the intermediates for other biosynthetic processes. However, nothing was known about the molecular basis of the glycolytic pathway in E.

Downregulation of selenium-binding protein 1 is associated with poor prognosis in lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: We found that selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1) was progressively decreased in the human bronchial epithelial carcinogenic processes. Knockdown of SBP1 in immortalized human bronchial epithelial cell line 16HBE cells significantly increased the efficiency of B[a]P-induced cell transformation. However, the relationship between SBP1 expression and clinicopathological factors of patients has not been defined completely.

Laminar Shear Stress Promotes Vascular Endothelial Cell Autophagy Through Upregulation with Rab4.

Laminar shear stress is considered to improve endothelial cell (EC) function. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Autophagy has been found to protect cell survival under stress.

Transcription factor KLF4 regulates microRNA-544 that targets YWHAZ in cervical cancer.

The deregulation of microRNAs has been demonstrated in various tumor processes. Here, we report that microRNA-544 (miR-544) is decreased in cervical cancer tissues compared with normal cervical tissues. To identify the mechanisms involved in miR-544 deregulation, we studied the regulation of miR-544 expression at the transcriptional level.

microRNAs' differential regulations mediate the progress of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-induced Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN).

Background: microRNA (miRNA)'s direct regulation on target mRNA is affected by complex factors beyond miRNA. Therefore, at different stages during the course of carcinogenesis, miRNA may regulate different targets, which we termed 'miRNA's differential regulation'. HPV-induced cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is an important pre-cancerous course ahead of cervical cancer formation.

BANF1 is downregulated by IRF1-regulated microRNA-203 in cervical cancer.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in various biological processes and are closely associated with the development of cancer. In fact, aberrant expression of miRNAs has been implicated in numerous cancers. In cervical cancer, miR-203 levels are decreased, although the cause of this aberrant expression remains unclear.

Identification of miR-133b and RB1CC1 as independent predictors for biochemical recurrence and potential therapeutic targets for prostate cancer.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the contribution of microRNA-133b (miR-133b) in prostate cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. We also examined expression of miR-133b in prostate cancer tissues, and evaluated the prognostic significance of miR-133b, as well as its target gene RB1CC1 in patients with prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.

Experimental Design: miR-133b mimics (miR-133bm) and anti-miR-133b were transfected into LNCaP and PC-3 cells.

Identification of novel AR-targeted microRNAs mediating androgen signalling through critical pathways to regulate cell viability in prostate cancer.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized as significantly involved in prostate cancer (PCa). Since androgen receptor (AR) plays a central role in PCa carcinogenesis and progression, it is imperative to systematically elucidate the causal association between AR and miRNAs, focusing on the molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs mediate AR signalling. In this study, we performed a series of time-course microarrays to observe the dynamic genome-wide expressions of mRNAs and miRNAs in parallel in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer LNCaP cells stimulated by androgen.

System biology analysis of cell cycle pathway involved in hepatocellular carcinoma.

To investigate genetic mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis and identify potential anticancer targets in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we analyzed microarray gene expression profiles between 33 HCCs and their corresponding noncancerous liver tissues. Functional analysis of differentially-expressed genes in HCC indicated that cell cycle dysregulation plays an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis. Based on 14 differentially-expressed genes involved in cell cycle in HCC, we applied Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to establish a potential genetic network which could assist understanding of HCC molecular mechanisms.