Efficacy of acupuncture versus rehabilitation therapy on post-stroke shoulder pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Acupuncture and rehabilitation therapy (RT) have been widely used for post-stroke shoulder pain (PSSP), but the efficacy of acupuncture versus RT remains unclear. Our aim was to assess the efficacy of acupuncture versus RT for PSSP.

Methods: Six databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese biological medicine database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and WAN FANG were searched from their inception to March 2022.

Mesoscopic quadratic quantum measurements.

We develop a theory of quadratic quantum measurements by a mesoscopic detector. It is shown that the quadratic measurements should have nontrivial quantum information properties, providing, for instance, a simple way of entangling two noninteracting qubits. We also calculate the output spectrum of a detector with both linear and quadratic response, continuously monitoring two qubits.