Subcellular Proteomic Mapping of Lysine Lactylation.

Protein lactylation is a novel post-translational modification (PTM) involved in many important physiological processes such as macrophage polarization, immune regulation, and tumor cell growth. However, traditional methodologies for studying lactylation have predominantly relied on peptide enrichment from whole-cell lysates, which tend to favor the detection of high-abundance peptides, thus limiting the identification of low-abundance lactylated peptides. To address this limitation, here, we employed subcellular fractionation to separate proteins and map lactylated peptides from each isolated subcellular fraction using a model cell line.

Modulating Carbon Fiber Surfaces with Vinyltriethoxysilane Grafting to Enhance Interface Properties of Carbon Fiber/Norbornene-Polyimide Composites.

In this study, vinyltriethoxysilane (TEVS) was introduced onto the surface of carbon fiber using liquid-phase oxidation and impregnation methods to incorporate vinyl groups onto the carbon fiber, thereby enhancing the chemical bonding between the carbon fiber and norbornene-polyimide (PI-NA). Through a systematic study of the hydrolysis conditions and concentration of the TEVS solution, the optimal modification conditions were determined. These conditions were used to graft TEVS onto the surface of oxidized carbon fiber to prepare carbon-fiber-reinforced PI-NA composites (CF/PI-NA).

Experimental assessment of low temperature plasma devices for bacterial aerosol inactivation in the air duct of HVAC systems.

In light of growing concerns about indoor air quality and the transmission of pathogens, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of low temperature plasma (LTP) devices in inactivating bacterial aerosols in the air duct of HVAC systems, exploring methods to enhance air purification efficiency. This research employed experimental methods to explore the deactivation effects of LTP on common bacteria such as and , focusing on the role of air parameters such as the airflow rate, relative humidity, and temperature in influencing the device's performance. Notably, the study determined that an operational voltage of 3000 V for the LTP device, combined with conditions of low airflow, low humidity, and high temperature, significantly enhances the inactivation of bacterial aerosols, achieving an 82% inactivation rate at a negative ion concentration of 2.

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study and bioinformatics analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to preliminarily investigate the association and possible mechanisms between Helicobacter. pylori (H. pylori) infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through data collection, statistical analysis, and bioinformatics analysis.

Profiling of Antidiabetic Bioactive Flavonoid Compounds from an Edible Plant Kudzu ().

(Willd.) Ohwi, known as kudzu and used as a "longevity powder" in China, is an edible plant which is rich in flavonoids and believed to be useful for regulating blood sugar and treating diabetes, although the modes of action are unknown. Here, a total of 53 flavonoids including 6 novel compounds were isolated from kudzu using multidimensional preparative liquid chromatography.

The mechanism of water oxidation using transition metal-based heterogeneous electrocatalysts.

The water oxidation reaction, a crucial process for solar energy conversion, has garnered significant research attention. Achieving efficient energy conversion requires the development of cost-effective and durable water oxidation catalysts. To design effective catalysts, it is essential to have a fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanisms.

Label-free cell phenotypic profiling of histamine H4R receptor and discovery of non-competitive H4R antagonist from natural products.

Histamine 4 receptor (H4R), the most recently identified subtype of histamine receptor, primarily induces inflammatory reactions upon activation. Several H4R antagonists have been developed for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and atopic dermatitis (AD), but their use has been limited by adverse side effects, such as a short half-life and toxicity. Natural products, as an important source of anti-inflammatory agents, offer minimal side effects and reduced toxicity.

Elucidation of active components and target mechanism in Jinqiancao granules for the treatment of prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are inflammations of the prostate gland, which surrounds the urethra in males. Jinqiancao granules are a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat kidney stones and this medicine consists of four herbs: Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr., Pyrrosia calvata (Baker) Ching, Plantago asiatica L.

Naringenin protects against septic cardiomyopathy in mice by targeting HIF-1α.

Myocardial dysfunction is a prevalent complication of sepsis (septic cardiomyopathy) with a high mortality rate and limited therapeutic options. Naringenin, a natural flavonoid compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, holds promise as a potential treatment for sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. This study investigated the pharmacological effects of naringenin on septic cardiomyopathy.

A systematic study on the phase diagram and superconductivity of ternary clathrate Ca-Sc-H at high pressures.

This work explores potential high-temperature superconductor materials in hydrogen-rich systems. Here, the crystal structure stabilities of ternary Ca-Sc-H systems under high-pressure ( = 100-250 GPa) and their superconductivities are investigated using the particle swarm optimization methodology combined with first-principles calculations. For the predicted candidate structures of Ca-Sc-H systems, the pressure-dependent phase diagram and thermodynamic convex hull were investigated across a wide range of compositions; the electronic properties of all the predicted phases were analyzed in detail to study the bonding behavior of these stable phases.

Chimeric antigen receptors of HBV envelope proteins inhibit hepatitis B surface antigen secretion.

Objectives: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) caused by HBV infection greatly increases the risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of CHB. HBsAg loss is the key indicator for cure of CHB, but is rarely achieved by current approved anti-HBV drugs.

Emotion Recognition From Multimodal Physiological Signals via Discriminative Correlation Fusion With a Temporal Alignment Mechanism.

Modeling correlations between multimodal physiological signals [e.g., canonical correlation analysis (CCA)] for emotion recognition has attracted much attention.

Estrogen receptor alpha-mediated mitochondrial damage in intrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells leading to the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis.

This study investigated the effects of estrogen and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) on the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) in human intrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells (HiBECs). The researchers measured serum levels of ERα, oxidative stress indicators, and cytokines in PBC patients and healthy controls. They examined the expression of ERα, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2-component (PDC-E2), and apoptosis-related proteins in the small bile ducts.

Disregarded Free Chains Affect Bacterial Adhesion on Cross-Linked Polydimethylsiloxane Surfaces.

The surface properties exhibited by chemically cross-linked polydimethylsiloxanes (CPDMS) such as morphology, stiffness, and wettability have garnered great interest in the study of bacteria-material interactions. Nevertheless, the hidden factor of uncross-linked free PDMS chains that dissociate in CPDMS has often been overlooked when studying the biofilm formation on these polymeric elastomer surfaces. Here, we undertake a comparative characterization of the effects of free chains in CPDMS on bacterial adhesion to both flat and textured Sharklet CPDMS surfaces.

STSNet: a novel spatio-temporal-spectral network for subject-independent EEG-based emotion recognition.

How to use the characteristics of EEG signals to obtain more complementary and discriminative data representation is an issue in EEG-based emotion recognition. Many studies have tried spatio-temporal or spatio-spectral feature fusion to obtain higher-level representations of EEG data. However, these studies ignored the complementarity between spatial, temporal and spectral domains of EEG signals, thus limiting the classification ability of models.

Multiplex gene knockout raises Ala-Gln production by Escherichia coli expressing amino acid ester acyltransferase.

L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine (Ala-Gln) is a common parenteral nutritional supplement. In our previous study, the recombinant whole-cell catalyst Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) overexpressing α-amino acid ester acyltransferase (BPA) to produce Ala-Gln has high activity and has been applied to large-scale production experiments. However, the degradation of Ala-Gln is detected under prolonged incubation, and endogenous broad-spectrum dipeptidase may be the primary cause.

Clean Production of l-Alanyl-l-glutamine by an Efficient Yeast Biocatalyst Expressing α-Amino Acid Ester Acyltransferase without N-Glycosylation.

l-Alanyl-l-glutamine (Ala-Gln) is a widely used value-added dipeptide whose production relies heavily upon an efficient biocatalyst. The currently available yeast biocatalysts that express α-amino acid ester acyltransferase (SsAet) possess relatively low activity, which may be attributed to glycosylation. Here, to promote SsAet activity in yeast, we identified the N-glycosylation site as the Asn residue at position 442 and subsequently eliminated the negative effect of N-glycosylation on SsAet by removing artificial and native signal peptides to obtain K3A1, a novel yeast biocatalyst with significantly improved activity.

Association Studies on Gut and Lung Microbiomes in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) is a prevalent type of lung cancer that is associated with lung and gut microbiota. However, the interactions between these microbiota and cancer development remain unclear. In this study, a microbiome study was performed on paired fecal and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from 42 patients with LADC and 64 healthy controls using 16S rRNA gene amplicon and shotgun metagenome sequencing, aiming to correlate the lung and gut microbiota with LADC.

Enhanced Properties of Tailored Alumina-Magnesia-Based Dry Ramming Mixes by Calcium Magnesium Aluminate (CMA).

To achieve the goal of "dual-carbon", induction furnaces with high efficiency and energy-saving advantages are paid more attention in the foundry and metallurgy industries. The service life and safety of induction furnaces strongly depended on the lining because expansion and forward sintering could result in the erosion and slag resistance of the lining. Focusing on the tailoring properties of alumina-magnesia-based dry ramming mixes, calcined magnesia particles were replaced with the novel multi-component materials of calcium magnesium aluminate (CaO-MgO-AlO, CMA) with a size of 200 mesh.

Natural variation of FKF1 controls flowering and adaptation during soybean domestication and improvement.

Soybean (Glycine max) is a major source of protein and edible oil world-wide and is cultivated in a wide range of latitudes. However, it is extremely sensitive to photoperiod, which influences flowering time, maturity, and yield, and severely limits soybean latitude adaptation. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified a novel locus in accessions harboring the E1 allele, called Time of flowering 8 (Tof8), which promotes flowering and enhances adaptation to high latitude in cultivated soybean.

Genetic dissection reveals the complex architecture of amino acid composition in soybean seeds.

Five loci related to soybean protein and amino acid contents were colocated by performing linkage mapping and GWAS. The haplotype analysis showed that Glyma.08G109100 may be useful to improve the soybean seed composition.

[Development of first-class biotechnology major under new economic situation].

The rapid development of bioeconomy urgently needs the support of biotechnology talents. Establishing an innovative training mode of biotechnology talents can provide support for regional economic development and industrial upgrading. Closely revolved around the concepts of new engineering disciplines development, such as serving the national strategy, docking industry, leading the future development and student-centered, a new economy-oriented training system was developed in School of Bioengineering of Dalian University of Technology.

[Expression of polyphosphate kinase from and its application in ATP regeneration system].

Polyphosphate kinase plays an important role in the catalytic synthesis of ATP . In order to find a polyphosphate kinase that can efficiently synthesize ATP using short-chain polyphosphate (polyP) as substrate, the polyphosphate kinase 2 (PPK2) from was cloned and expressed in BL21(DE3). As an enzyme for ATP regeneration, PPK2 was used in combination with l-amino acid ligase (YwfE) to produce l-alanyl-l-glutamine (Ala-Gln).

Vitamin D eradicates by inducing VDR-CAMP signaling.

Background: Vitamin D [VitD, 1,25 (OH)D] is known to have immunomodulatory and anti-microbial properties; however, its activity against is unclear. In this study, we established infection models in wild-type and VitD receptor (VDR) knockdown mice and analyzed the effects of VitD and their underlying mechanisms.

Methods: VDR and VDR mice were intragastrically infected with the SS1 strain.