Design of Composite N-Doped Carbon Nanofiber/TiO/Diatomite Separator for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) exhibit high theoretical specific capacities, abundant resource reserves, and low costs, making them promising candidates for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, significant challenges, such as the shuttle effect and volume expansion, hinder their practical applications. To address these issues, this study introduces a unique intermediate layer comprising N-doped carbon nanofiber/TiO/diatomite (NCNF/TiO/DE) from the perspective of membrane modification.

Transcriptomic Analysis of Larvae Under High Temperature Stress.

Objectives: Acute temperature stress was explored in through a comprehensive RNA-seq analysis.

Methods: RNA-seq was conducted on 20-day-old after 24 h of temperature stress. Four experimental conditions were established: a control group (18 °C) and three temperature treatment groups (21, 24, and 27 °C).

Genomic analysis of foodborne Staphylococcus aureus obtained from unannounced food inspections between 2012 and 2021 in East China.

Staphylococcus aureus is a significant cause of foodborne illness in China. Our investigation concentrated on the genetic characterization of foodborne S. aureus identified during unannounced inspections conducted in Suzhou from 2012 to 2021.

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A molecular editing reaction for converting pyrrole rings into benzene rings through a sequential pathway of Diels-Alder and cheletropic reactions was developed. The nitrogen atom in a N-bridged intermediate is eliminated in the form of NO by a strain-releasing pathway, ultimately leading to the formation of substituted benzene and naphthalene derivatives.

Strong linkage between benthic oxygen uptake and bacterial tetraether lipids in deep-sea trench regions.

Oxygen in marine sediments regulates many key biogeochemical processes, playing a crucial role in shaping Earth's climate and benthic ecosystems. In this context, branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs), essential biomarkers in paleoenvironmental research, exhibit an as-yet-unresolved association with sediment oxygen conditions. Here, we investigated brGDGTs in sediments from three deep-sea regions (4045 to 10,100 m water depth) dominated by three respective trench systems and integrated the results with in situ oxygen microprofile data.

Skeletal Editing of Benzene Motif: Photopromoted Transannulation for Synthesis of DNA-Encoded Seven-Membered Rings.

In this report, we present a photopromoted, metal-free transannulation of phenyl azides for the synthesis of DNA-encoded seven-membered rings. The transformation is efficiently achieved through a skeletal editing strategy targeting the benzene motif coupled with a Reversible Adsorption to Solid Support (RASS) strategy. A variety of valuable DNA-encoded seven-membered ring compounds, including DNA-encoded 3H-azepines, azepinones, and unnatural amino acids, are now accessible.

Unraveling the Neural Circuits: Techniques, Opportunities and Challenges in Epilepsy Research.

Epilepsy, a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by high morbidity, frequent recurrence, and potential drug resistance, profoundly affects millions of people globally. Understanding the microscopic mechanisms underlying seizures is crucial for effective epilepsy treatment, and a thorough understanding of the intricate neural circuits underlying epilepsy is vital for the development of targeted therapies and the enhancement of clinical outcomes. This review begins with an exploration of the historical evolution of techniques used in studying neural circuits related to epilepsy.

Preparation of GO/Diatomite/Polyacrylonitrile Functional Separator and Its Application in Li-S Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have received extensive attention due to their numerous advantages, including a high theoretical specific capacity, high energy density, abundant reserves of sulfur in cathode materials, and low cost. Li-S batteries also face several challenges, such as the insulating properties of sulfur, volume expansion during charging and discharging processes, polysulfide shuttling, and lithium dendritic crystal growth. In this study, a composite of a porous multi-site diatomite-loaded graphene oxide material and a PAN fiber membrane is developed to obtain a porous and high-temperature-resistant GO/diatomite/polyacrylonitrile functional separator (GO/DE/PAN) to improve the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries.

Lipidomic chemotaxonomy aligned with phylogeny of Halobacteria.

Archaea play an important role in global biogeochemical cycles and are considered ancestral to eukaryotes. The unique lipid composition of archaea, characterized by isoprenoid alkyl chains and ether linkage to glycerol-1-phosphate, offers valuable insights into archaeal phylogeny and evolution. However, comprehensive studies focusing on archaeal lipidomes, especially at the intact polar lipid level, are currently limited.

Role of the tonsil-oropharynx ratio on lateral cephalograms in assessing tonsillar hypertrophy in children seeking orthodontic treatment.

Objectives: To analyze the diagnostic value of the tonsil-oropharynx (T/O) ratio on lateral cephalograms for evaluating tonsillar hypertrophy (TH).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 185 consecutive children (101 males, 84 females; mean age 7.3 ± 1.

Heterogenous distribution and burial flux of black carbon in Chinese lakes and its global implication.

Black carbon (BC) plays a crucial role in global carbon cycle and climate change. However, its source and burial flux in environments are not well constrained. Here, we investigated surface sediments from 22 Chinese lakes across wide geographical areas and different socioeconomic status.

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in epileptogenesis: an update on abnormal mGluRs signaling and its therapeutic implications.

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by high morbidity, high recurrence, and drug resistance. Enhanced signaling through the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate is intricately associated with epilepsy. Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are G protein-coupled receptors activated by glutamate and are key regulators of neuronal and synaptic plasticity.

Geochemical characteristics and implications of hydrocarbon in source rocks of Chagan Sag, Yin'e basin of Inner Mongolia.

Chagan Sag is one of the most significant tectonic unit in the Yin'e Basin. The special component of the organic macerals and biomarkers in the Chagan sag suggests great difference of its hydrocarbon generation process. In this paper, forty samples of source rocks are subjected to carry out on the geochemical characteristics by methods of rock-eval analysis, organic petrology and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to reveal the origin, depositional environment and maturity of organic matter in Chagan Sag, Yin'e Basin of Inner Mongolia.

Association between snoring and insulin levels in the US population: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Snoring may cause a number of problems such as tiredness, obesity, and even severe diseases, but the correlation between snoring and insulin secretion, which has important clinical significance, has rarely been studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between snoring frequency and insulin secretion and discuss the potential mechanisms, thereby estimating the health condition of β-cells of individuals who snore.

Methods: The analyses used data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2015 to 2018.

Enantioseparation of amino acid and mandelic acid enantiomers using Garphos derivatives as chiral extractants.

In this paper, Garphos with different substituents were employed as chiral extractants to enantioseparate racemic amino acid and mandelic acid. The influences of metal precursors, pH of aqueous solution, Garphos-metal concentration, extraction temperature, and substituent effect on extraction were investigated. The results indicated that the substituent groups significantly affected the π-π interaction between extractant and substrate.

Substantial accumulation of mercury in the deepest parts of the ocean and implications for the environmental mercury cycle.

Anthropogenic activities have led to widespread contamination with mercury (Hg), a potent neurotoxin that bioaccumulates through food webs. Recent models estimated that, presently, 200 to 600 t of Hg is sequestered annually in deep-sea sediments, approximately doubling since industrialization. However, most studies did not extend to the hadal zone (6,000- to 11,000-m depth), the deepest ocean realm.

GraphCDR: a graph neural network method with contrastive learning for cancer drug response prediction.

Predicting the response of a cancer cell line to a therapeutic drug is an important topic in modern oncology that can help personalized treatment for cancers. Although numerous machine learning methods have been developed for cancer drug response (CDR) prediction, integrating diverse information about cancer cell lines, drugs and their known responses still remains a great challenge. In this paper, we propose a graph neural network method with contrastive learning for CDR prediction.

Observation-Based Mercury Export from Rivers to Coastal Oceans in East Asia.

Globally, the consumption of coastal fish is the predominant source of human exposure to methylmercury, a potent neurotoxicant that poses health risks to humans. However, the relative importance of riverine inputs and atmospheric deposition of mercury into coastal oceans remains uncertain owing to a lack of riverine mercury observations. Here, we present comprehensive seasonal observations of riverine mercury and methylmercury loads, including dissolved and particulate phases, to East Asia's coastal oceans, which supply nearly half of the world's seafood products.

Investigation of Taniaphos as a chiral selector in chiral extraction of amino acid enantiomers.

Finding chiral selector with high stereoselectivity to a variety of amino acid enantiomers remains a challenge and warrants further research. In this work, Taniaphos, a chiral ligand with rotatable spatial configuration, was employed as a chiral extractant to enantioseparate various amino acid enantiomers. Phenylalanine (Phe), homophenylalanine (Hphe), 4-nitrophenylalanine (Nphe), and 3-chloro-phenylglycine (Cpheg) were used as substrates to evaluate the extraction efficiency.

Spatial-temporal characteristics of mercury and methylmercury in marine sediment under the combined influences of river input and coastal currents.

Mercury, especially in the form of methylmercury (MeHg), is a global pollutant, and aquatic products are considered the main sources of Hg exposure to humans. The Bohai and Yellow seas are two important epicontinental seas for marine fisheries and aquaculture in China. A decreasing trend of the THg in the Yellow River Estuary toward the outer edge was reported according to 83 surface sediments (27.

Mercury and methylmercury in China's lake sediments and first estimation of mercury burial fluxes.

Lake sediments are key materials for mercury deposition and methylation. To understand the mercury concentrations in China's lakes, 100 lake surface sediment samples were collected from 35 lakes in 2014. Total mercury (THg), methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations and the annual Hg burial rates in lake sediments were measured.

Predicting drug-disease associations through layer attention graph convolutional network.

Background: Determining drug-disease associations is an integral part in the process of drug development. However, the identification of drug-disease associations through wet experiments is costly and inefficient. Hence, the development of efficient and high-accuracy computational methods for predicting drug-disease associations is of great significance.

Diet change of hadal amphipods revealed by fatty acid profile: A close relationship with surface ocean.

The diet of hadal organisms remains elusive because of the difficulty in sampling and monitoring at the great water depths (6-11 km). Here we analyzed fatty acids of the amphipods collected from three Pacific trenches, namely New Britain Trench (NBT; 8.2-8.

New secondary metabolites from the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. HP-2 isolated from "Qi-Nan" agarwood.

A novel pyrone derivative (1) bearing two fused five-member rings, together with two new naphthalenone derivatives (2, 3), as well as two known compounds (4, 5) were obtained from the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. HP-2, which was isolated from "Qi-Nan" agarwood. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR, and by HRESIMS spectra, as well as by comparison with the literature.