In situ training of an in-sensor artificial neural network based on ferroelectric photosensors.

In-sensor computing has emerged as an ultrafast and low-power technique for next-generation machine vision. However, in situ training of in-sensor computing systems remains challenging due to the demands for both high-performance devices and efficient programming schemes. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the in situ training of an in-sensor artificial neural network (ANN) based on ferroelectric photosensors (FE-PSs).

Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting for Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery: A System Design.

Thermal energy harvesting for high-speed moving objects is particularly promising in providing an efficient and sustainable energy source to enhance operational capabilities and endurance. Thermoelectric (TE) technology, by exploiting temperature gradients between a heat source and ambient temperature, can provide a continuous power supply to such systems, reducing the reliance on conventional batteries and extending operation times. However, the integrated thermoelectric generator (TEG) system design research is far behind materials development.

Chlorogenic Acid: A Promising Strategy for Milk Preservation by Inhibiting Growth and Biofilm Formation.

Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyhydroxy phenolic acid, has been extensively studied for its antimicrobial properties. () threatens food safety by forming biofilms. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of CGA against and its biofilm.

A novel quantitative diagnosis method for rolling bearing faults based on digital twin model.

Dual-impulse behaviors of rolling bearings have been widely researched for quantitative diagnosis. However, it is challenging to accurately extract entry and exit moments of the fault from noise-contaminated raw signals. To address this issue, a novel quantitative diagnosis method based on digital twin model is proposed to assess the fault severity from the original signal waveform.

Structure, Attachment and Transmembrane Internalisation of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus.

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), a single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus with an envelope, belongs to the Morbillivirus in the Paramyxoviridae family and is prevalent worldwide. PPRV infection causes fever, stomatitis, diarrhoea, pneumonia, abortion and other symptoms in small ruminants, with a high mortality rate that poses a significant threat to the sustainability and productivity of the small ruminant livestock sector. The PPRV virus particles have a diameter of approximately 400-500 nm and are composed of six structural proteins: nucleocapsid protein (N), phosphoprotein (P), envelope matrix protein (M), fusion protein (F), haemagglutinin protein (H) and large protein (L).

Perceived Neighbourhood Walkability and Depressive Symptoms of Rural Older Adults in Urbanisation: The Role of Community-Based Social Capital.

This study aims to explore the association between community-based social capital, namely clan identity and sense of community (SOC), and perceived neighbourhood walkability (PNW) in relation to depressive symptoms among rural older adults in urbanisation. A sample of 489 older adults in an urbanising county of Western China participated and moderated mediation analysis was utilised. PNW was negatively associated with depressive symptoms, and SOC mediated the focal association.

Growth-promoting effects of self-selected microbial community on wheat seedlings in saline-alkali soil environments.

Saline-alkali land is a type of soil environment that causes poor crop growth and low yields. Its management and utilization are, therefore of great significance for increasing arable land resources, ensuring food security, and enhancing agricultural production capacity. The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is an effective way to promote the establishment of symbiotic relationships between plants and the rhizosphere microenvironment, plant growth and development, and plant resistance to saline-alkali stress.

Prediction of change in suitable habitats of Senna obtusifolia and Senna tora under climate change.

Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin & Barneby and Senna tora (L.) Roxb represent important medicinal resources in traditional Chinese medicine for more than two millennia.

Target protein identification in live cells and organisms with a non-diffusive proximity tagging system.

Identifying target proteins for bioactive molecules is essential for understanding their mechanisms, developing improved derivatives, and minimizing off-target effects. Despite advances in target identification (target-ID) technologies, significant challenges remain, impeding drug development. Most target-ID methods use cell lysates, but maintaining an intact cellular context is vital for capturing specific drug-protein interactions, such as those with transient protein complexes and membrane-associated proteins.

Safety profile of isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitors in cancer therapy: a pharmacovigilance study of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.

Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) inhibitors hold promise for IDH-mutated cancer patients and demonstrated favorable clinical efficacy. Nonetheless, a comprehensive understanding of the associated toxicities of IDH inhibitors remains notably lacking.

Research Design And Methods: This pharmacovigilance analysis utilized the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to assess notable adverse events (AEs) attributed to IDH inhibitors (enasidenib and ivosidenib) from January 2018 to December 2023.

First Report of Cereal Cyst Nematode, , in wheat in Shaanxi, China.

Cereal cyst nematodes spp., are important pathogens of wheat (Toumi et al. 2018).

Vitamin D supplementation alleviates high fat diet-induced metabolic associated fatty liver disease by inhibiting ferroptosis pathway.

Purpose: Recently, a significant negative correlation has been found between vitamin D (VD) and metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), suggesting a potential beneficial role of VD in preventing of MAFLD, while underscoring the importance of exploring its mechanisms.

Methods: The experiment comprised two parts: male C57BL/6J mice (6 weeks) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and intraperitoneally injected with vitamin D (VD) (1.68 IU/g/week) for 16 weeks.

Bifunctional In Doping toward Defect Engineering in SrTiO for Solar Water Splitting.

Defect engineering in SrTiO crystals plays a pivotal role in achieving efficient overall solar water splitting, as evidenced by the influence of Al ions. However, the uneven structural relaxation caused by Al ions has been overlooked, significantly affecting the defect state and catalytic activity. When an AlO crucible is used, optimizing this defect engineering presents a significant challenge.

Total retroperitoneal lipectomy improves prognosis in patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma: a comparative study.

Background: Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma originating in the retroperitoneal space. Although surgery is the standard treatment, recurrence remains frequent. In this study, we aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of total (ipsilateral) retroperitoneal lipectomy (TRL) compared to traditional complete resection (CR) for primary RPLS.

Genetic insights into the effect of trace elements on cardiovascular diseases: multi-omics Mendelian randomization combined with linkage disequilibrium score regression analysis.

Objective: Epidemiological evidence indicates that trace elements are significantly associated with cardiovascular health. However, its causality and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between trace elements and cardiovascular disease, as well as their potential mechanism of action.

The causal association between body composition and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis.

Observational studies and meta-analyses have indicated a notable correlation between obesity and vitamin D deficiency, yet the causal relationship between the 2 remains contentious. This study employed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the interrelation between obesity-associated body metrics: specifically body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat percentage (BFP), whole-body fat percentage (WHF), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels. Instrumental variables for BMI, WHR, BFP, whole body fat mass (WFM), and 25(OH)D were carefully selected based on predefined thresholds.

Involvement of USP7 in aggravating Kawasaki disease by promoting TGFβ2 signaling mediated endothelial-mesenchymal transition and coronary artery remodeling.

Kawasaki disease (KD), characterized by systematic vasculitis, is a leading cause of pediatric heart disease. Although recent studies have highlighted the critical role of deubiquitinases in vascular pathophysiology, their specific contribution to KD remains largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the function of the deubiquitinase USP7 in both KD patients and a CAWS-induced KD murine model.

Oncolytic senecavirus A in tumor immunotherapy: Mechanisms, progress, and future directions.

Oncolytic virotherapy has emerged as a promising immunotherapy strategy against cancer. As the first picornavirus tested in humans for its oncolytic potential, Senecavirus A (SVA) possesses several advantageous features, including its small size, rapid replication, and ability to penetrate the vascular system of solid tumors, allowing for the specific targeting and lysis of tumor cells. Additionally, SVA does not integrate into the host genome, thus avoiding potential genomic damage, and it lacks oncogenes or other virulence genes.

Heterogeneous Cu Doping Facilitates Excellent Thermoelectric and Mechanical Performance in n-Type SnSe Composites.

SnSe materials have attracted extensive attention in thermoelectrics due to their low thermal conductivity. Nevertheless, the thermoelectric properties of n-type polycrystalline SnSe are still low, and metallic Sn distributed in the SnSe materials would affect the repeatability of thermoelectric performance. Herein, the thermoelectric properties of n-type polycrystalline SnSe-based composites are highly enhanced by heterogeneous Cu doping.

Pathways and enhanced evaluation system for green low-carbon development across diverse Chinese regions.

Background: Rapid economic growth in China has led to significant resource and environmental challenges, particularly in less economically developed regions. This study aims to identify effective strategies for achieving green, low-carbon development in these regions during the economic transition.

Methods: We employed the Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method to scrutinize the impact of economic, demographic, industrial, and technological factors on low-carbon development across a selection of Chinese provinces, including Qinghai, Hunan, Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Hainan, and Chongqing.

Effect of fucoidan supplementation on glycolipid metabolism, systemic inflammation and gut microbiota in prediabetes: A randomized controlled trial.

Prediabetes is characterized as a transitional phase between normal blood glucose and diabetes, and the potential role of fucoidan in the progression of diabetes is still debated. The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was designed to assess the effect of fucoidan supplementation on glycolipid metabolism, systemic inflammation and gut microbiota in individuals with prediabetes. A total of 70 Chinese participants with prediabetes were randomized to either fucoidan or placebo group, receiving daily doses of 1000 mg fucoidan or placebo capsules for 12 weeks.