Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
The multi-electron transfer I/IO redox couple is attractive for high energy aqueous batteries. Shifting from an acidic to an alkaline electrolyte significantly enhances the IO formation kinetics due to the spontaneous disproportionation reaction, while the alkaline environment also offers more favorable Zn anode compatibility. However, sluggish kinetics during the reduction of IO persists in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes, compromising the energy efficiency of this glorious redox couple.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLobopodians represent a key step in the early history of ecdysozoans since they were the first animals to evolve legs within this clade. Their Cambrian representatives share a similar body plan with a typically cylindrical annulated trunk and a series of non-jointed legs. However, they do not form a monophyletic group and likely include ancestors of the three extant panarthropod lineages (Tardigrada, Onychophora, Euarthropoda).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRechargeable sodium-oxygen (Na-O) battery is deemed as a promising high-energy storage device due to the abundant sodium resources and high theoretical energy density (1,108 Wh kg). A series of quasisolid electrolytes are constantly being designed to restrain the dendrites growth, the volatile and leaking risks of liquid electrolytes due to the open system of Na-O batteries. However, the ticklish problem about low operating current density for quasisolid electrolytes still hasn't been conquered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe successive I/I/I redox couples in the four-electron zinc-iodine aqueous battery (4eZIB) is plagued by the instability of the electrophilic I species, which could either be hydrolyzed or be neutralized by the I redox intermediates. We present an adsorption-catalysis approach that effectively suppresses the hydrolysis of ICl species and also provides an enhanced reaction kinetics to surpass the formation of triiodide ions. We elucidate that the improved stability is attributed to the pronounced orbital hybridization between the d orbitals of Fe-N moieties (atomic Fe supported on nitrogen doped carbon) and the p orbitals of iodine species (I and ICl).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe battery chemistry aiming for high energy density calls for the redox couples that embrace multi-electron transfer with high redox potential. Here we report a twelve-electron transfer iodine electrode based on the conversion between iodide and iodate in aqueous electrolyte, which is six times than that of the conventional iodide/iodine redox couple. This is enabled by interhalogen chemistry between iodine (in the electrode) and bromide (in the acidic electrolyte), which provides an electrochemical-chemical loop (the bromide-iodate loop) that accelerates the kinetics and reversibility of the iodide/iodate electrode reaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA novel lead dioxide electrodes co-doped with rare earth and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were prepared by the electrode position method and applied as anodes in sono-electrochemical oxidation for pharmaceutical wastewater degradation. The results showed that the APAP removal and the mineralization efficiency reached an obvious increase, which meant that the catalytic efficiency showed a significant improvement in the use of rare-earth doped electrode. The effects of process factors showed that the condition of the electrode had the best degradation efficiency with doped with Ce2O3 under electrolyte concentration of 14.
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