Chemoradiation treatment with or without concurrent tumor-treating fields (TTFields) therapy in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) patients in China.

Background: Tumor-treating fields (TTFields) therapy and radiotherapy may have synergistic anti-glioma effect based on preclinical studies. The combination of chemoradiation therapy (CRT) with TTFields therapy has noticeably attracted clinicians' attention. This study aimed to provide insights into the clinical outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma who received either concurrent CRT and TTFields therapy or adjuvant TTFields therapy following CRT.

Peripheral immune profiling highlights a dynamic role of low-density granulocytes in myasthenia gravis.

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease marked by dysregulation of several immune cell populations. Here we explored peripheral immune landscape, particularly the role of low-density granulocytes (LDGs).

Methods: Single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing analyzed peripheral immune cells from MG patients pre- (n = 4) and after treatment (n = 2), as well as healthy controls (n = 3).

Environmental and economic sustainability of the novel photovoltaic industrial wastewater treatment systems from life cycle perspective.

As the global photovoltaic industry expands, the production of solar cells generates significant quantities of wastewater, characterized by high concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen and fluorine. To sustainably manage this wastewater, it is crucial to evaluate and optimize existing treatment systems. In this study, three innovative photovoltaic wastewater treatment routes that integrate resource utilization processes are proposed.

Response to trastuzumab deruxtecan and delayed immune-related events in a patient with metastatic -positive NSCLC: a case report and literature review.

Trastuzumab deruxtecan (DS-8201) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) designed to target mutations. We reported a case study demonstrating a favorable response to DS-8201 in a patient with mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who exhibited resistance to initial immunotherapy, along with delayed immune-related events of hypoadrenocorticism occurring five months after discontinuation of immune checkpoint inhibitors. After reviewing the relevant literature, we discussed the mechanism of ADC agents underlying their anti-tumor activity and the potential impact of DS-8201 on the tumor microenvironment.

The Role of Platelet-Neutrophil Interactions in Driving Autoimmune Diseases.

Platelets and neutrophils are among the most abundant cell types in peripheral blood. Beyond their traditional roles in thrombosis and haemostasis, they also play an active role in modulating immune responses. Current knowledge on the role of platelet-neutrophil interactions in the immune system has been rapidly expanding.

Short-term and long-term prognoses in AChR-Ab positive very-late-onset myasthenia gravis patients.

Background: Very-late-onset myasthenia gravis (VLOMG) refers to myasthenia gravis (MG) with onset at age 65 or older. Current research on VLOMG prognosis remains limited, especially regarding factors influencing outcomes.

Objectives: To identify the clinical factors that affect the short- and long-term prognosis of MG patients with an onset age ⩾65 years.

Development of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)-Based Species-Specific Real-Time PCR Assays for Authenticating Five Highly Priced Tuna.

Tuna are economically important as food resources in food markets. However, because tuna is often processed into steaks or fillets, the meat can be difficult to identify through morphological features. For effective fishery management and to protect the rights of consumers, it is necessary to develop a molecular method to accurately identify the species used in tuna products.

Different baseline functional patterns of the frontal cortex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with Corticospinal tract hyperintensity.

Nearly half of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients showed hyperintensity of the corticospinal tract (CST+), yet whether brain functional pattern differs between CST+and CST- patients remains obscure. In the current study, 19 ALS CST+, 41 ALS CST- patients and 37 healthy controls (HC) underwent resting state fMRI scans. We estimated local activity and connectivity patterns via the Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuations (ALFF) and the Network-Based Statistic (NBS) approaches respectively.

Practice Transformation in the Transforming Clinical Practice Initiative and Emergency Department Use.

To provide insight on how ambulatory care practices can reduce emergency department (ED) visits, we studied changes in Medicare ED visits for primary and specialty care practices in the Transforming Clinical Practice Initiative. We compared practices that transformed more vs less during the 6-year period ending in 2021 (3,773 practices). Using data from a practice transformation assessment tool completed at multiple intervals, we found improvement in the transformation score was associated with reduced ED visits by 6% and 4% for primary and specialty care practices, respectively, 3 to 4 years after first assessment.

Diagnostic efficacy of [Ga]Ga-NY104 PET/CT to identify clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Most clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) overexpresses carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). [Ga]Ga-NY104 is a small-molecule PET agent selectively targeting CAIX. This study aims to assess the efficacy of [Ga]Ga-NY104 PET/CT to identify ccRCC.

Evaluation of the safety, biodistribution, dosimetry of [F]AlF-NOTA-LM3 and head-to-head comparison with [Ga]Ga-DOTATATE in patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors: an interim analysis of a prospective trial.

Purpose: F-labelled somatostatin receptor (SSTR) analogs offer several advantages over Ga in terms of yield, cost, spatial resolution and detection rate. This study presents an interim analysis of a prospective trial designed to assess the safety, biodistribution and dosimetry of [F]AlF-NOTA-LM3, and compare its diagnostic efficacy and clinical management outcomes with [Ga]Ga-DOTATATE or [Ga]Ga-NODAGA-LM3 in patients with well-differentiated NETs.

Methods: Twenty-one patients with histologically confirmed well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (G1 and G2) were prospectively recruited.

Covalent targeted radioligands potentiate radionuclide therapy.

Targeted radionuclide therapy, in which radiopharmaceuticals deliver potent radionuclides to tumours for localized irradiation, has addressed unmet clinical needs and improved outcomes for patients with cancer. A therapeutic radiopharmaceutical must achieve both sustainable tumour targeting and fast clearance from healthy tissue, which remains a major challenge. A targeted ligation strategy that selectively fixes the radiopharmaceutical to the target protein in the tumour would be an ideal solution.

Gallium-68 labeled somatostatin receptor antagonist PET/CT in over 500 patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms: experience from a single center in China.

Purpose: Somatostatin receptor antagonists have shown promising performance for imaging neuroendocrine neoplasms. However, there is a lack of studies exploring the diagnostic performance of SSTR antagonists or comparing them with agonists in a large cohort of patients with NENs. This study aimed to retrospectively review all SSTR antagonist PET/CT scans conducted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital since November 2018 in patients with confirmed or suspected NENs.

Distinct FDG PET/CT avidity among newly diagnosed intravascular large B-cell lymphoma patients: a descriptive observational study.

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare type of aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that poses a great diagnostic challenge due to its highly heterogenous clinical manifestations. Although 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is widely used as a diagnostic tool for patients suspected of having lymphoma, as it reveals FDG-avid lesions, the FDG avidity of IVLBCL has not been extensively characterized. Here, we present a comprehensive report of FDG avidity in IVLBCL and its association with clinicopathological features and survival.

Alterations in regional homogeneity and functional connectivity in the cerebellum of patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the cerebellum's local and global functional characteristics in individuals with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) and their correlation with clinical data.

Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 39 patients with sALS and on 23 healthy controls. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) in the cerebellum of all participants was analyzed, and the cerebellar regions with differences in ReHo were considered regions of interest (ROIs).

Environmental factors affecting the risk of generalization for ocular-onset myasthenia gravis: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: The environmental effects on the prognosis of ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) remain largely unexplored.

Aim: To investigate the association between specific environmental factors and the generalization of OMG.

Design: The cohort study was conducted in China based on a nationwide multicenter database.

Mesenteric Castleman Disease Misdiagnosed as Lymph Node Metastasis of Rectal Cancer on 18 F-FDG PET/CT.

Two years ago, a 64-year-old man underwent an 18 F-FDG PET/CT for staging rectal cancer. Besides the hypermetabolic rectal lesion, the image revealed a mesenteric lymph node with intense activity and multiple lung nodules with slight FDG uptake, which were highly suspected of metastases. After surgery and multiple cycles of chemotherapy, the follow-up 18 F-FDG PET/CT showed remission of all lesions except for the enlarged mesenteric lymph node with higher metabolic activity.

Prediction of metformin adsorption on subsurface sediments based on quantitative experiment and artificial neural network modeling.

Metformin (MET), a widely employed hypoglycemic pharmaceutical agent, has been frequently detected within groundwater, which has posed a threat to ecosystems and human health. However, the adsorption behavior of MET onto distinct constituent aquitards and aquifers sediments remains shrouded in uncertainty. To reveal the adsorption capacities and mechanisms of diverse sedimentary matrices, we delved into a series of adsorption experiments involving MET on 37 subsurface sediment samples obtained from four boreholes (ranging from 0 to 30 m in depth) in the Jianghan Plain.

Head-to-Head Comparison of Ga-NODAGA-JR11 and Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in Patients with Metastatic, Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors: Interim Analysis of a Prospective Bicenter Study.

The current study aimed to compare Ga-NODAGA-Cpa-cyclo(d-Cys-amino-Phe-hydroorotic acid-d-4-amino-Phe(carbamoyl)-Lys-Thr-Cys)-d-Tyr-NH (JR11) and Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in patients with metastatic, well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors. A prospective bicenter study aimed at enrolling 100 patients with histologically proven, metastatic or unresectable, well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors was conducted. The first 48 patients represented the study cohort.

Analysis of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Fetal and Failing Hearts by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Revealed as a Critical Gene in Heart Maturation.

Background: Heart failure is associated with shifts in substrate preferences and energy insufficiency. Although cardiac metabolism has been explored at the organ level, the metabolic changes at the individual cell level remain unclear. This study employed single-cell ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing to investigate the cell-type-specific characteristics of gene expression related to fatty acid metabolism.

Preclinical and pilot clinical evaluation of a small-molecule carbonic anhydrase IX targeting PET tracer in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) highly expresses carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). The purpose of this study was to evaluate Ga-NY104, a small-molecule CAIX-targeting PET agent, in tumor models of ccRCC and patients diagnosed with confirmed, or suspicious, ccRCC.

Methods: The in vivo and ex vivo biodistribution of Ga-NY104 was investigated in CAIX-positive OS-RC-2 xenograft-bearing models.

What learning strategies influence higher-order learning behaviours of medical students?

Aims: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the application of learning strategies and the emergence of higher-order learning behaviours among medical students in Chinese provincial undergraduate colleges, while also examining the impact of social demographic variables on the development of higher-order learning behaviours and learning strategy preferences.

Methodology: We conducted a relevant cross-sectional study using the Chinese College Student Survey (CCSS) online questionnaire to evaluate higher-order learning behaviours and learning strategies in medical undergraduate students attending provincial colleges in China. A total of 992 valid questionnaires were collected and analysed using SPSS 22.