Application and Comparison of Dermoscopy and Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in the Target Treatment of Genital Lichen Sclerosus: A Single-Arm Prospective Study.

Introduction: The treatment of genital lichen sclerosus (GLS) remains challenging. Baricitinib has been introduced in the treatment of GLS, but there's no imaging evaluation for GLS patients treated with it. No comparison of dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) assessments in GLS has been conducted.

Efficiency of intraoperative endoscopic inspection in reducing residuals in canal-wall-up surgery for pediatric cholesteatoma involving the mastoid.

Objective: To investigate the efficiency of additional intraoperative endoscopic inspection in reducing residual cholesteatoma in pediatric cholesteatoma involving the mastoid treated with classic canal-wall-up mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty.

Materials And Methods: 32 cases of pediatric cholesteatoma involving the mastoid were enrolled in this perspective study and treated with classic canal-wall-up mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty. Transmastoid posterior tympanotomy, atticotomy and transecting tendon of tympani tensor were conducted to achieve adequate visualization of hidden spaces in the middle ear.

The microbiomes of adenoid and middle ear in children with otitis media with effusion and hypertrophy from a tertiary hospital in China.

Introduction: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is one of the most common pediatric diseases worldwide. Several studies have analyzed the diversity of the microbiomes found in the middle ear effusions (MEEs) of populations from developed countries. However, no microbiological studies of MEEs from Chinese children with OME have been reported.

Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea secondary to congenital inner ear dysplasia: diagnosis and management of 18 cases.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of the clinical presentation, diagnosis, surgical methods, and outcomes of patients with otogenic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage secondary to congenital inner ear dysplasia.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of 18 patients with otogenic CSF leakage secondary to inner ear dysplasia who underwent surgery in our group from 2007 to 2017 and had a follow-up of at least 4 months. The average length of follow-up was three years.

GJB2 allele variants and the associated audiologic features identified in Chinese patients with less severe idiopathic hearing loss.

Aims: To explore possible correlations between the genotype of GJB2, the gene that encodes connexin 26 (Cx26), and its related audiogram features in Chinese patients with less severe nonsyndromic hearing loss (HL), we examined the pure tone audiograms and GJB2 coding region allele variants in 236 patients.

Results: Twelve of 34 (35.3%) patients with biallelic GJB2 mutations had totally asymmetric HL, a significantly higher prevalence than in patients with wild-type GJB2 (p = 0.

Intranasal vaccination with chitosan-DNA nanoparticles expressing pneumococcal surface antigen a protects mice against nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a respiratory pathogen, and mucosal immune response plays a significant role in the defense against pneumococcal infections. Thus, intranasal vaccination may be an alternative approach to current immunization strategies, and effective delivery systems to mucosal organism are necessary. In this study, BALB/c mice were immunized intranasally with chitosan-DNA nanoparticles expressing pneumococcal surface antigen A (PsaA).

A six-generation Chinese family in haplogroup B4C1C exhibits high penetrance of 1555A > G-induced hearing Loss.

Background: The 1555A > G mutation is the most common cause of aminoglycoside-induced and non-syndromic deafness. However, the variable clinical phenotype and incomplete penetrance of A1555G-induced hearing loss complicate our understanding of this mutation. Environmental factors, nuclear genes, mitochondrial haplotypes/variants and a possible threshold effect have been reported to may be involved in its manifestation.

[Improvement of immunogenicity of Streptococcus pneumoniae psaA DNA vaccine by prime and boost strategy].

Objective: To study on the preparation of Streptococcus pneumoniae psaA DNA vaccine and to analyse the immunogenicity by the prime-boost strategy.

Methods: The psaA gene was amplified from the genome of Streptococcus pneumoniae by PCR, and then was inserted into plasmid pVAX1 and pET28a to construct recombinant expression vectors respectively. 293T cells were transiently transfected with pVAX1-psaA, and RT-PCR analysis of total cell RNA extracts showed successful expression of psaA.

[Preparation of new protein carrier of vaccine against pneumococcal otitis media with genetic engineering technology].

Objective: To prepare pneumolysin as a new protein carrier of vaccine against otitis media with genetic engineering technology and establish the base of the study on pneumococcal conjugative vaccines.

Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from streptococcus pneumoniae. A pair of primers which included two restriction sites was designed based on the published pneumolysin gene sequence.

[Clinical research about the distribution of perineural vascular plexus of the facial nerve].

Objective: To objectively evaluate the usefulness and the reliability of the perineural vascular plexus as a landmark for facial nerve as well as whether it will be a landmark for identification of the facial nerve in surgery for otology and neurotology by means of investigating the location of the facial nerve for prevention of iatrogenic facial palsy.

Methods: Prospective case series were designed. Three hundred and eleven consecutive patients were studied which required tympanoplasty for chronic otitis media or microsurgery for facial nerve decompression and congenitally malformation of the ear from July 2002 to July 2005.