Reactive oxygen species with evoked immunotherapy holds tremendous promise for cancer treatment but has limitations due to its dependence on exogenous excitation and/or endogenous HO and O. Here we report a versatile oxidizing pentavalent bismuth(V) nanoplatform (NaBiO-PEG) can generate reactive oxygen species in an excitation-free and HO- and O-independent manner. Upon exposure to the tumor microenvironment, NaBiO-PEG undergoes continuous H-accelerated hydrolysis with •OH and O generation through electron transfer-mediated Bi-to-Bi conversion and lattice oxygen transformation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc
July 2023
Modulation of peripheral nerve is an emerging field for neuroprosthesis and bioelectronic medicine. With the developing neural interfacing technology that directly communicates with peripheral nerves, several powering schemes have been investigated for long-term use of implantable devices such as wireless and conversion of human body energy. But due to the limitations such as energy conversion efficiency and complexity, none of these methods can fully replace the current battery-based neuroprosthetic systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRepetitive electrical nerve stimulation can induce a long-lasting perturbation of the axon's membrane potential, resulting in unstable stimulus-response relationships. Despite being observed in electrophysiology, the precise mechanism underlying electrical stimulation-dependent (ES-dependent) instability is still an open question. This study proposes a model to reveal a facet of this problem: how threshold fluctuation affects electrical nerve stimulations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe physical principle of myelin development is obtained from our previous study by explaining Peter's quadrant mystery: an externally applied negative and positive E-field can promote and inhibit the growth of the inner tongue of the myelin sheath, respectively. In this study, this principle is considered as a fundamental hypothesis, named Hypothesis-E, to explain more phenomena about myelin development systematically. Specifically, the g-ratio and the fate of the Schwann cell's differentiation are explained in terms of the E-field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the development of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous systems, the inner and outer tongue of the myelin sheath tend to be located within the same quadrant, which was named as Peters quadrant mystery. In this study, we conduct investigations to explore the possible mechanisms underlying the Peters quadrant mystery. A biophysically detailed model of oligodendrocytes was used to simulate the effect of the actional potential-induced electric field across the myelin sheath.
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