Cartilage-bioinspired, tough and lubricated hydrogel based on nanocomposite enhancement effect.

The maintenance of high load-bearing tissues and joint lubrication is essential for suppressing osteoarthritis. The lubrication of natural joints is mainly attributed to the hydration lubrication mechanism of articular cartilage. Phospholipids on the cartilage surface attract water molecules to form a tough hydrated layer to reduce friction.

A robust, low swelling, and lipid-lubricated hydrogel for bionic articular cartilage substitute.

Healthy articular cartilage can achieve high load-bearing capacity and the most effective lubricated surface. Inspired by the articular cartilage, a lipid-lubricated hydrogel with excellent mechanical strength and remarkable lubrication was designed and synthesized. The lipid-lubricated hydrogel could contribute to high strength and stiffness (compressive strength of 5.