Unraveling the causal relationships between depression and brain structural imaging phenotypes: A bidirectional Mendelian Randomization study.

Background: Previous studies have revealed structural brain abnormalities in individuals with depression, but the causal relationship between depression and brain structure remains unclear.

Methods: A genetic correlation analysis was conducted using summary statistics from the largest genome-wide association studies for depression (N = 674,452) and 1,265 brain structural imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs, N = 33,224). Subsequently, a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach was employed to explore the causal relationships between depression and the IDPs that showed genetic correlations with depression.

Sources, trigger points, and effect size of associations between PM-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO): A panel study with 16 follow-up visits over 4 years.

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is a significant concern for respiratory health. However, the sources, trigger points, and effect size of specific associations between PM components, particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the airway inflammatory marker fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) have not been fully explored. In this study, 69 healthy college students were enrolled and followed up 16 times from 2014 to 2018.

Under the dual effect of inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis, CTD-ILD patients possess a greater susceptibility to VTE.

As an autoimmune disease, the persistent systemic inflammatory response associated with connective tissue disease (CTD) is involved in the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, clinical data showed that the risk of VTE in patients differed between subtypes of CTD, suggesting that different subtypes may have independent mechanisms to promote the development of VTE, but the specific mechanism lacks sufficient research at present. The development of pulmonary fibrosis also contributes to the development of VTE, and therefore, patients with CTD-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) may be at higher risk of VTE than patients with CTD alone or patients with ILD alone.

Ambient PM-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) associated with pro-thrombotic biomarkers among young healthy adults: A 16 times repeated measurements panel study.

Studies have shown that the cardio/cerebrovascular toxicity of ambient PM is related to its bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Currently, only a few studies have reported the relationship between PM-bound PAHs and promoted blood coagulation and thrombosis, but there isn't a consistent conclusion. Therefore, we conducted a prospective panel study to investigate the association.

Resting-state EEG microstates as electrophysiological biomarkers in post-stroke disorder of consciousness.

Introduction: Ischemic stroke patients commonly experience disorder of consciousness (DOC), leading to poorer discharge outcomes and higher mortality risks. Therefore, the identification of applicable electrophysiological biomarkers is crucial for the rapid diagnosis and evaluation of post-stroke disorder of consciousness (PS-DOC), while providing supportive evidence for cerebral neurology.

Methods: In our study, we conduct microstate analysis on resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) of 28 post-stroke patients with awake consciousness and 28 patients with PS-DOC, calculating the temporal features of microstates.

Purinergic signalling in cancer therapeutic resistance: From mechanisms to targeting strategies.

Purinergic signalling, consisting of extracellular purines and purinergic receptors, modulates cell proliferation, invasion and immunological reaction during cancer progression. Here, we focus on current evidence that suggests the crucial role of purinergic signalling in mediating cancer therapeutic resistance, the major obstacle in cancer treatment. Mechanistically, purinergic signalling can modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and anti-tumor immunity, thus affecting drug sensitivity of tumor cells.

3D model retrieval based on interactive attention CNN and multiple features.

3D (three-dimensional) models are widely applied in our daily life, such as mechanical manufacture, games, biochemistry, art, virtual reality, and . With the exponential growth of 3D models on web and in model library, there is an increasing need to retrieve the desired model accurately according to freehand sketch. Researchers are focusing on applying machine learning technology to 3D model retrieval.

Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Gut Dysbiosis: What Can Polyphenols Do in Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a long-term, progressive, and recurrent intestinal inflammatory disorder. The pathogenic mechanisms of IBD are multifaceted and associated with oxidative stress, unbalanced gut microbiota, and aberrant immune response. Indeed, oxidative stress can affect the progression and development of IBD by regulating the homeostasis of the gut microbiota and immune response.

Nano-Based Drug Delivery of Polyphenolic Compounds for Cancer Treatment: Progress, Opportunities, and Challenges.

Polyphenols and their derivates, a kind of natural product distributed in herb plants, vegetables, and fruits, are the most abundant antioxidants in the human diet and have been found to display cancer-preventative effects in several epidemiological studies. The scientific community has also validated the anti-cancer bioactivities and low toxicities of polyphenolic compounds, including flavones, tannins, phenolic acids, and anthocyanins, through in vitro and in vivo studies. However, the low stability, weak targeting ability, poor solubility, and low bioavailability of pure polyphenolic agents have significantly impaired their treatment efficacy.

Anti-Oxidant and Pro-Oxidant Effects of Peroxiredoxin 6: A Potential Target in Respiratory Diseases.

Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) is widely distributed in several organs, especially the lungs. The role of PRDX6 in oxidative stress is controversial and even contradictory, as indicated by research conducted over the past 20 years. PRDX6 has anti-oxidant or pro-oxidant effects on oxidative stress in different diseases.

Brain-Targeted HFn-Cu-REGO Nanoplatform for Site-Specific Delivery and Manipulation of Autophagy and Cuproptosis in Glioblastoma.

Durable glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) management requires long-term chemotherapy after surgery to eliminate remaining cancerous tissues. Among chemotherapeutics, temozolomide is considered as the first-line drug for GBM therapy, but the treatment outcome is not satisfactory. Notably, regorafenib, an oral multi-kinase inhibitor, has been reported to exert a markedly superior effect on GBM suppression compared with temozolomide.

Diagnostic Predictive Value of Tryptase, Serum Amyloid A and Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Biomarker Groups for Large Atherosclerotic Cerebral Infarction.

Background: There has been a gradual trend towards younger ageing of acute cerebral infarction in recent years. Atherosclerotic plaque rupture followed by dislodgement of emboli and resulting arterial embolism is an important mechanism for the development of acute cerebral infarction. Traditional independent risk factors for cerebral infarction have received attention from clinicians, but the risk factors for large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction are still unclear.

Predictive value of macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness in visual field defect of pituitary adenoma patients: a case-control study.

Objective: The present study explored the association between preoperative macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness (GCIPL) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the recovery of visual field (VF) defect after surgery in pituitary adenoma patients.

Methods: This case-control study included patients with pituitary adenoma in the Neurosurgery Department of Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital between October 2019 and June 2021. Cranial MRI examination, three-dimensional OCT, and VF testing (Humphrey Field Analyzer II750) were performed before and at 6months after the surgery.

Preparation of a magnetic and recyclable superparamagnetic silica support with a boronic acid group for immobilizing Pd catalysts and its applications in Suzuki reactions.

Palladium is one of the best metal catalysts for Suzuki cross-coupling reaction to synthesize unsymmetrical biaryl compounds. However, homogeneous palladium (Pd) is limited in an industrial scale due to the high cost, separation, removal, and recovery issues. In this paper, a novel, high activity magnetic nanoparticles (FeO@SiO-APBA-Pd) catalyst was prepared by a simple, cost-effective procedure.

Preparation of boronic acid and carboxyl-modified molecularly imprinted polymer and application in a novel chromatography mediated hollow fiber membrane to selectively extract glucose from cellulose hydrolysis.

A novel boronic acid and carboxyl-modified glucose molecularly imprinted polymer were prepared through suspension polymerization, which is based on 1.0 mmol glucose as a template, 1.2 mmol methacrylamidophenylboronic acid, and 6.

The relationship between NLR/PLR/LMR levels and survival prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: The relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) and the dire prognosis of non-small cell lung carcinoma patients who received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are not known yet.

Methods: We screened the articles that meet the criteria from the database. The relationship between NLR/PLR/LMR levels and the survival and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with ICIs was analyzed.

12-Plex UHPLC-MS/MS analysis of sarcosine in human urine using integrated principle of multiplex tags chemical isotope labeling and selective imprint enriching.

Urinary sarcosine was considered to be a potential biomarker for prostate cancer (Pca). In this work, an integrated strategy of multiplex tags chemical isotope labeling (MTCIL) combined with magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction (MDSPE), was proposed for specific extraction and high-throughput determination of sarcosine by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). In the past three months, we have developed 8-plex MTCIL reagents with excellent qualitative and quantitative performance.

13-Plex UHPLC-MS/MS Analysis of Hexanal and Heptanal Using Multiplex Tags Chemical Isotope Labeling Technology.

In this work, a new series of chemical isotope labeling reagents, levofloxacin-hydrazide-based mass tags (LHMTs) named as LHMT359/360/361/362/363/364/365/366/373/375/376/378/379/381 were first designed and synthesized for the high-throughput analysis of potential biomarkers containing hexanal and heptanal of lung cancer. We exploited a new core structure of levofloxacin-, which significantly enhanced the multiplexing capability. Among them, LHMT359 was used for labeling standard compounds as internal standards for quantification.

Derivatization-based magnetic dummy molecularly imprinted polymers integrated with 4-plex stable isotope labeling derivatization strategy for specific and rapid determination of L-hydroxyproline in human serum.

The specific determination of L-hydroxyproline (Hyp) can serve as a potential indicator for early clinical diagnosis of liver fibrosis. In this work, an integrated strategy based on 4-plex stable isotope labeling derivatization combined with dummy magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (QSILD-DMMIPs) was developed for specific extraction and rapid determination of Hyp in human serum by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. A new series of QSILD reagents d/d/d/d-6-N-methyl-rhodamine 6G-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl formate (d/d/d/d-MRSF) were designed, synthesized and applied for the high-throughput labeling of Hyp in serum samples.

Multi-Feature Fusion Method Based on EEG Signal and its Application in Stroke Classification.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis has been widely used in the diagnosis of stroke diseases for its low cost and noninvasive characteristics. In order to classify the EEG signals of stroke patients with cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage, this paper proposes a novel EEG stroke signal classification method. This method has two highlights.

miR-696 plays a role in hepatic gluconeogenesis in ob/ob mice by targeting PGC-1α.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are known to play a vital role in type 2 diabetes, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic insulin resistance. However, the correlation, if any, between PGC-1α and miRNAs in the disease has not yet been determined. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to examine the correlation between PGC-1α and miRNAs in diabetes.

Expression profile of circulating microRNAs as a promising fingerprint for cervical cancer diagnosis and monitoring.

Sensitive and specific biomarkers for the early detection of cervical cancer are urgently required to reduce the high morbidity and mortality of this disease. We previously demonstrated that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are correlated with certain types of human cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the altered profile of serum miRNAs in cervical cancer patients in order to predict cervical cancer at a relative early stage.

Identification of four serum microRNAs from a genome-wide serum microRNA expression profile as potential non-invasive biomarkers for endometrioid endometrial cancer.

Serum microRNAs (miRNAs), with their remarkable stability and unique concentration profiles in patients with various diseases, are promising non-invasive biomarkers for tumor detection. The present study investigated the altered profiles of serum microRNAs in patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) in order to predict the malignancy of the disease at a relatively early stage. TaqMan low-density arrays (TDLAs) were used to perform an analysis in the initial screening phase using serum samples pooled from seven EEC patients and 20 controls.