Protective Effects of Cereal-Based Fermented Beverages Against 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Damage in Mice.

Background: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a common chemotherapeutic medication used to treat cancer. However, the intestinal tract may sustain oxidative damage as a result.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms and examine the preventive benefits of cereal-based fermented drinks (CFBs) against intestinal injury in mice caused by 5-FU.

Cooperation of covalent bonds and coordinative bonds stabilizing the Si-binder-Cu interfaces for extending lifespan of silicon anodes.

Binders provide a straightforward and efficient strategy to mitigate the significant challenge of volume expansion in silicon anodes for lithium-ion batteries. To improve the cycle life of silicon anodes, a cross-linked binder carboxymethyl cellulose-phytic acid-pyrrole (CMC-DP) is designed and synthesized using carboxymethyl cellulose, phytic acid, and pyrrole. The numerous hydroxyl groups in phytic acid provide abundant binding sites for the formation of hydrogen and ester bonds.

Identification of digestion-resistant peptides in various processed peanut reveals their distinct allergenicity.

Peanut protein is a significant food allergen that can trigger severe reactions. The allergenicity of peanut protein may be affected by the thermal processing method and matrices, and its anti-digestibility may also change accordingly. This study investigated how three heat treatment techniques affect the allergenicity and digestibility of peanut proteins and compared the differences in anti-digestive peptide segments by Mass spectrometry.

Associations of dietary inflammatory index scores and serum inflammatory factors with the risk of osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study from Xinjiang, China.

Background: Previous studies have shown that the inflammatory potential of the diet is associated with a variety of chronic noncommunicable diseases characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammatory response. However, the relationships between dietary inflammatory potential and organismal inflammatory status and osteoporosis have been less studied. This study aimed to investigate the relationships among inflammatory diet, inflammatory state and osteoporosis in the Xinjiang multiethnic population.

Synergistic Anti-Tumor Efficacy Achieved by Reversing Drug Resistance through the Regulation of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment with IL-12 and Osimertinib Combination Therapy.

The objective of this study was to investigate the role of IL-12 in enhancing the anti-tumor efficacy of the small molecule targeted drug osimertinib in resistant tumor models and reversing resistance mechanisms. We utilized paired non-small cell lung cancer H1975 tumor tissues, establishing mouse tumor models with diverse tumor immune microenvironments. Analytical methods including immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were employed to compare immune cell infiltration, cytokines, effector molecules, and protein changes in resistant signaling pathways in tumor tissues, shedding light on IL-12's mechanism of action in enhancing osimertinib efficacy and reversing resistance.

Preclinical Evaluation of Tc-MAG-5-Fab Targeting TREM2 in Lung Cancer Mouse Models: A Comparison with Tc-MAG-5-F(ab').

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2), which is expressed on the surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), has been found to play a major role in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. TREM2 expression is significantly upregulated in tumor tissues, and therefore, targeting TREM2 for tumor imaging may be of value. Previously, we performed TREM2 targeting imaging by using Ga-NOTA-COG1410 or a I-labeled monoclonal antibody (mAb) and F(ab') in mouse models of colon and gastric tumors.

2'-Fucosyllactose alleviates OVA-induced food allergy in mice by ameliorating intestinal microecology and regulating the imbalance of Th2/Th1 proportion.

Food allergy (FA) has become a prominent problem in public health. 2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) was reported to alleviate FA symptoms; however, the regulatory mechanism is still unclear. This study evaluated the 2'-FL antiallergic potential in an ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mouse model and explored the systemic effects of 2'-FL on gut microecology and the intestinal immune barrier.

The synthesis of papaya fruit flavor-related linalool was regulated by CpTPS18 and CpNAC56.

Papaya is a tropical fruit crop renowned for its rich nutrition, particularly pro-vitamin A. Aroma substances are a major component of fruit quality. While extensive research has been conducted on papaya aroma, there has been a notable lack of in-depth research into a specific class of substances.

Combination of Gut Microbial Features and the Proteomic Pattern Revealed Changes in Specific Intestinal Luminal Factors and Mechanisms of Their Regulation of Gluten Allergy.

Recent research consensus has highlighted the role of intestinal luminal factors in the association between intestinal microenvironment homeostasis and food allergy. However, the association between intestinal immune homeostasis and food allergy-related proteomic features remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in gluten allergy (GA)-defined phenotypes and endotypes and intestinal microenvironment factors in BALB/c mice and linked GA to colonic proteomic signatures.

Intestinal microenvironment-mediated allergic dynamic phenotypes and endotypes in the development of gluten allergy.

This study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes in intestinal microenvironment factors in the development of gluten-induced allergy (GA). Our results showed that GA provoked increasingly severe allergic phenotypes such as allergic and diarrheal symptoms with the gluten sensitization frequency, which was accompanied by dynamically rising levels of gluten-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E, IgG2a and IgA, serum histamine, T cell-related inflammatory cytokines, and intestinal indexes. An increase in luminal pH was more significant in the large intestine versus the small intestine, which was due to a dynamic decline in colonic short-chain fatty acid levels.

I-Labeled Immuno-PET Targeting hTREM2 for the Diagnosis of Gastric Carcinoma.

Low β-2-[F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (F-FDG) uptake in gastric mucinous adenocarcinoma may cause false-negative diagnosis and erroneous staging. Thus, there is an urgent need for developing tumor-specific imaging agents in gastric cancer diagnostics. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and is considerably overexpressed in tumor tissues.

Noninvasive evaluation of PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer by immunoPET imaging using an acylating agent-modified antibody fragment.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore an effective I labeling strategy and improve the signal-to-noise ratio when evaluating the expression of PD-L1 using an I-iodinated durvalumab (durva) F(ab') fragment.

Methods: The prepared durva F(ab') fragments were incubated with N-succinimidyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (SHPP); after purification, the HPP-durva F(ab') was iodinated using Iodo-Gen method. After the radiochemical purity, stability, and specific activities were determined, the binding affinities of probes prepared using different labeling strategies were compared in vitro.

The high dose of inulin exacerbated food allergy through the excess accumulation of short-chain fatty acids in a BABL/c mouse model.

Inulin dietary supplement is conventionally beneficial to gut health and can potentially prevent food allergy (FA). This study aimed to determine how dietary inulin interventions at different doses affect the OVA-induced FA in a BALB/c mouse model. Although the middle dose of inulin (50 mg per mouse) showed the best therapeutic effect on FA, high-inulin supplementation (80 mg per mouse) provoked severe allergic and intestinal inflammatory responses, which were characterized by elevated serum allergic inflammation-related factor levels, dysfunctional gut barrier, unbalanced luminal pH value, decrease in intestinal antioxidant capacity, and disordered gut microecology.

Longitudinal Positron Emission Tomography Imaging with P2X7 Receptor-Specific Radioligand F-FTTM in a Kainic Acid Rat Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

P2X7 receptors (P2X7R), as a brain inflammation biomarker, play important roles in the epileptogenic progress. Mounting evidence supports their activation in the brain during epilepsy, and inhibition of the P2X7 receptor reduces the seizure frequency and severity. In this study, we investigate P2X7R-targeted (F-FTTM) position emission tomography (PET) imaging in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy to obtain further insights into the role of P2X7R during epileptogenesis.

Strain Alleviates Gluten-Induced Food Allergy and Regulates Gut Microbiota in Mice.

Wheat flour, the most important source of food globally, is also one of the most common causative agents of food allergy. Wheat gluten protein, which accounts for 80% of the total wheat protein, is a major determinant of important wheat-related disorders. In this study, the effects of against gluten-induced allergy were investigated in a mouse model.

Preparation, Characterization, and Preliminary Imaging Study of [Re]Re-Ibandronate as a Novel Theranostic Radiopharmaceutical for Bone Metastasis.

Background: Bone is a common site of metastasis from a malignant tumor. Several radiopharmaceuticals are available to relieve bone pain in patients with cancer. However, every radiopharmaceutical has its own disadvantages, and there is still a need to investigate easily accessible and high bone affinity radiopharmaceuticals.

I-Labeled Monoclonal Antibody and Fragment for the Noninvasive Evaluation of Tumor PD-L1 Expression .

Lung cancer is a highly heterogeneous cancer and is divided broadly into small and nonsmall cell lung cancer (SCLC or NSCLC). In all NSCLC patients, it is estimated that 50%-60% are programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive, and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies have shown their clinical application prospects in advanced NSCLC. To avoid unnecessary adverse effects and provide anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy to the most appropriate patient population, the PD-L1 expression in patients preparing for treatment must be evaluated accurately and in real time.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Ga-NOTA-COG1410 Targeting to TREM2 of TAMs as a Specific PET Probe for Digestive Tumor Diagnosis.

Currently, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an important method for the discovery and diagnosis of digestive system tumors. However, the shortage of specific imaging tracer limits the effectiveness of PET. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) as an M2-type macrophage biomarker is receiving much attention considering its high abundance and specificity, which could be an ideal target for PET imaging.

A Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Treatment of Endometrial Hyperplasia via Regulating the HPO Axis in Rats.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, accompanied by endometrial hyperplasia (EH), is a common gynecological disease that seriously affects female physical and mental health. Some drugs have been prompted to cure the disease, but most medications have certain side effects and limitations. In the present study, we demonstrated an unexploited Chinese traditional medicine, a combination of , , and (SCS), which could be used for the treatment of EH and associated complications in rats.

Mg-doped InSnO nanofiber field-effect transistor for methanol gas detection at room temperature.

Research on high-performance gas sensors for detecting toxic and harmful methanol gas is still a very important issue. For gas sensors, it is very important to be able to achieve low concentration detection at room temperature. In this work, we used the electrospinning method to prepare Mg-doped InSnO nanofiber field-effect transistors (FETs) methanol gas sensor.