Integrating transcriptomic and polygenic risk scores to enhance predictive accuracy for ischemic stroke subtypes.

Ischemic stroke (IS), characterized by complex etiological diversity, is a significant global health challenge. Recent advancements in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and transcriptomic profiling offer promising avenues for enhanced risk prediction and understanding of disease mechanisms. GWAS summary statistics from the GIGASTROKE Consortium and genetic and phenotypic data from the UK Biobank (UKB) were used.

Cerebral microbleeds linked to structural network disruption and cognitive impairment in white matter hyperintensities.

Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between the cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and white matter structural network in patients with white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), and the correlation with the cognitive impairment.

Method: One hundred and fifty-eight participants with WMHs underwent 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging scans and neuropsychological assessment.

PKH Dyes Should Be Avoided in the EVs Biodistribution Study of the Brain: A Call for Caution.

Introduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized membrane vesicles that are naturally secreted by almost all cells and have gained considerable attention. Many studies have applied EVs to the treatment of brain diseases and validated their effectiveness. Although only a few EVs can penetrate the blood‒brain barrier (BBB) into the brain after administration, it has been proven that EVs and their cargos exert their effects by interacting with brain cells.

Eliminating Charge Transfer at Cathode-Electrolyte Interface for Ultrafast Kinetics in Na-Ion Batteries.

Sodium-ion batteries suffer from kinetic problems stemming from sluggish ion transport across the electrode-electrolyte interface, causing rapid energy decay during fast-charging or low-temperature operation. One exciting prospect to enhance kinetics is constructing neuron-like electrodes that emulate fast signal transmission in a nervous system. It has been considered that these bioinspired designs enhance electron/ion transport of the electrodes through carbon networks.

Gut Microbiota in Primary Osteoporosis: a Systematic Review.

Unlabelled: The link between gut microbiota (GM) and primary osteoporosis has garnered substantial attention. In this study, we conducted a systematic review encompassing 10 studies that employed high-throughput sequencing methodologies. Notably, the taxonomic profiles exhibited pronounced heterogeneity across reviewed studies.

Gastrodin Liposomes Block Crosstalk between Astrocytes and Glioma Cells via Downregulating Cx43 to Improve Antiglioblastoma Efficacy of Temozolomide.

The crosstalk between glioma cells and astrocytes plays a crucial role in developing temozolomide (TMZ) resistance of glioblastomas, together with the existence of the BBB contributing to the unsatisfactory clinical treatment of glioblastomas. Herein, we developed a borneol-modified and gastrodin-loaded liposome (Bo-Gas-LP), with the intent of enhancing the efficacy of TMZ therapy after intranasal administration. The results showed that Bo-Gas-LP improved GL261 cells' sensitivity to TMZ and prolonged survival of GL261-bearing mice by blocking the crosstalk between astrocytes and glioblastoma cells with the decrease of Cx43.

Prognostic implications of residual mild coarctation gradient after interventional repair.

There is limited data on the prognostic implications of residual mild coarctation (RMC) in patients with repaired native coarctation of the aorta (CoA). To explore the association of RMC with mid-term comorbidities in post-interventional patients, and the predictive value of the residual pressure gradient. The authors retrospectively analyzed 79 native CoA patients who received successful intervention at our hospital between October 2010 and June 2023.

New Clerodane Diterpenoids from Tinospora Capillipes with Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Properties.

Four new clerodane diterpenoids, namely tinocapills A-D (1-4), and one known analogue (5) were isolated from the roots of Tinospora capillipes in the present study. The structures of these new compounds, including their absolute configurations, were determined through a combination of detailed spectroscopic analysis and theoretical statistical approaches, including electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses and quantum mechanical (QM)-NMR methods. Additionally, the stereostructure of 5 was confirmed via X-ray diffraction analysis.

Association between daily consumption of spicy food and bone mineral density in middle-aged and older adults: a cross-sectional study.

: Many studies have reported the effects of spicy food on human health, but no studies have been conducted on the impact of long-term spicy food consumption on bone mineral density (BMD). This study aimed to investigate the impact of daily consumption of spicy food on BMD in the population aged 50 years and older. : This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2020 to 2022 in Jiangxi Province, China.

Synergistic effect of folate and MTHFR C677T on hippocampal subfields and perfusion in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Low folate intake and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism have been suggested to increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the synergistic effects and their impact on brain structure and perfusion remain unclear.

Methods: This study explored the effects of dietary and genetic deficiencies in folate metabolism on the volume of the hippocampal subregions, cerebral perfusion, and cognitive decline in 71 cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals and 102 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD or AD.

Process approach as a cognitive biomarker related to gray matter volume in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Process approach is valuable for memory assessment in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), yet its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study aims to synergize the process approach with brain structure analysis to explore both the discriminative capacity and potential mechanisms underlying the process approach.

Methods: 37 subjects of MCI, 35 subjects of AD and 38 subjects of healthy control (HC) were included.

The altered functional status in vestibular migraine: A meta-analysis.

Purpose: Vestibular migraine (VM) is a disorder with prominent vestibular symptoms that are causally correlated with migraine and is the most prevalent neurological cause of episodic vertigo. Nevertheless, the functional underpinnings of VM remain largely unclear. This study aimed to reveal concordant alteration patterns of functional connectivity (FC) in VM patients.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives as potential antibacterial agents.

The quest for novel antibacterial agents is imperative in the face of escalating antibiotic resistance. Naturally occurring tetrahydro-β-carboline (THβC) alkaloids have been highlighted due to their significant biological derivatives. However, these structures have been little explored for antibacterial drugs development.

Near-Infrared-II Imaging Revealed Hypothermia Regulates Neuroinflammation Following Brain Injury by Increasing the Glymphatic Influx.

Advanced in vivo imaging techniques have facilitated the comprehensive visual exploration of animal biological processes, leading to groundbreaking discoveries such as the glymphatic system. However, current limitations of macroscopic imaging techniques impede the precise investigation of physiological parameters regulating this specialized lymphatic transport system. While NIR-II fluorescence imaging has demonstrated advantages in peripheral lymphatic imaging, there are few reports regarding its utilization in the glymphatic system.

[Process Approach in Memory Assessment of Patients With Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment:A Review].

The process approach,a set of analytical methods used in neuropsychology,quantifies the word-list learning tests and conventional analytical methods and fully reflects the memory profile of the subject.Therefore,it is widely used in the memory assessment of patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD)and mild cognitive impairment(MCI).The common indices of process approach,such as learning slope,semantic clustering,serial position effects,discriminability,and response bias,are key components of memory assessment.

Development of postoperative bronchopleural fistula after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: case reports and review of the literature.

Background: The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors has dramatically changed the treatment paradigm for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Due to the complexity and diversity of stage III disease, the inclusion of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in neoadjuvant treatment regimens is also required. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) limit the application of ICIs to a certain extent.

Effect of TMAO on the incidence and prognosis of cerebral infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) on the incidence and prognosis of cerebral infarction.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for all clinical studies on the association of TMAO with cerebral infarction incidence and prognosis from inception to April 2023. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using the meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology (MOOSE) declaration list.

Apnea Testing Practice to Increase Baseline PaCO and Frequency of Blood Gas Analyses.

Objective: To study the influence of the initial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO) and frequency of blood gas analyses on the positivity rate and safety of apnea testing (AT).

Design: A prospective multicenter cohort study.

Setting: Seven teaching hospitals.