Auxin-responsive OsMADS60 negatively mediates rice tillering and grain yield by modulating OsPIN5b expression.

Rice tillering determines grain yield, yet the molecular regulatory network is still limited. In this study, we demonstrated that the transcription factor OsMADS60 promotes the expression of the auxin transporter OsPIN5b to affect auxin distribution and inhibit rice tillering and grain yield. Natural variation was observed in the promoter region of OsMADS60, with its expression level negatively correlated with tiller number and inducible by auxin.

scMDCL: A Deep Collaborative Contrastive Learning Framework for Matched Single-Cell Multiomics Data Clustering.

Single-cell multiomics clustering integrates multiple omics data to analyze cellular heterogeneity and is crucial for uncovering complex biological processes and disease mechanisms. However, existing matched single-cell multiomics clustering methods often neglect the full utilization of intercellular relationships and the interactions and synergy between features from different omics, leading to suboptimal clustering performance. In this paper, we propose a deep collaborative contrastive learning framework for matched single-cell multiomics data clustering, named scMDCL.

Convolution Bridge: An Effective Algorithmic Migration Strategy From CNNs to GNNs.

Graph neural networks (GNNs), as a rising star in machine learning, are widely used in relational data models and have achieved outstanding performance in graph tasks. GNN continuously takes inspiration from mature models in other domains such as computer vision and natural language processing to motivate the development of graph algorithms. However, due to the various data structures from different domains, the cross-domain migration of models has to go through a long period of disassembly and reconstruction, which may not yield the desired results.

Identifying the predictors of ultra early neurological improvement and its role in functional outcome after endovascular thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke.

Background And Purpose: Using post-treatment methods to predict functional outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is crucial in stroke medicine. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at 24 h has been widely used; however, there is a paucity of data on using earlier NIHSS scores and their association with outcome. In this study, we aimed to investigate the usage of NIHSS at 1-h time window -ultra-early neurological improvement (UENI)- as a surrogate marker associated with the functional outcomes of AIS patients treated with EVT.

An assessment of breast cancer HER2, ER, and PR expressions based on mammography using deep learning with convolutional neural networks.

Mammography is the recommended imaging modality for breast cancer screening. Expressions of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR) are critical to the development of therapeutic strategies for breast cancer. In this study, a deep learning model (CBAM ResNet-18) was developed to predict the expression of these three receptors on mammography without manual segmentation of masses.

MOCapsNet: Multiomics Data Integration for Cancer Subtype Analysis Based on Dynamic Self-Attention Learning and Capsule Networks.

: With the rapid development of the accumulation of large-scale multiomics data sets, integrating various omics data to provide a thorough study from multiple perspectives can significantly provide stronger support for precise treatment of diseases. However, due to the complexity of multiomics data, issues of feature redundancy and noise often do not receive sufficient attention when processing high-dimensional data. Moreover, simple concatenation strategies may overlook the correlations between different omics data, failing to effectively capture the unique information inherent in multiomics data.

Comparison of the Impact of tNGS with mNGS on Antimicrobial Management in Patients with LRTIs: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: tNGS and mNGS are valuable tools for diagnosing pathogens in lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), which subsequently influence treatment strategies. However, the impact of tNGS and mNGS on antimicrobial stewardship in patients with LRTIs remains unclear.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with LRTIs who underwent tNGS or mNGS between June 2021 and January 2024 were included.

Distributions and trends in the global burden of young-onset tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer by region, age, and sex from 1990 to 2021: An age-period-cohort analysis.

Background: The young onset Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer (TBLC) exhibits distinct gene mutations and clinical characteristics. With worsening air pollution, the incidence of young onset TBLC is increasing, resulting in significant economic burdens. The specific epidemiology of the disease burden remains elusive.

Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics reveals the mechanism of enrofloxacin resistance in Aeromonas schubertii.

Aeromonas schubertii infections has caused severe economic losses in aquaculture in China. In this study, we first induced enrofloxacin (ENR) resistance in A. schubertii strains and then analyzed the mechanisms of drug resistance using transcriptomics and metabolomics.

Desferrioxamine-Laden Nanofibrous Scaffolds with Efficient Angiogenesis for Accelerating Diabetic Wound Healing.

Background: Delayed diabetic wound healing is one of the clinical difficulties, the main reason is the limited angiogenesis ability. Deferriamine (DFO) is an iron chelating agent that can induce angiogenesis, but its application is limited due to its short half-life. Increasing the load and slow release performance of desferriamine is beneficial to accelerate diabetic wound healing.

Cap4Video++: Enhancing Video Understanding with Auxiliary Captions.

Understanding videos, especially aligning them with textual data, presents a significant challenge in computer vision. The advent of vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP has sparked interest in leveraging their capabilities for enhanced video understanding, showing marked advancements in both performance and efficiency. However, current methods often neglect vital user-generated metadata such as video titles.

Desorption hysteresis of antibiotics on biochar produced at high temperature: The role of amine groups and amidation reaction.

Knowledge of antibiotic desorption from high-temperature biochar is essential for assessing their environmental risks, and for the successful application of biochar to remove antibiotics. In previous studies, irreversible pore deformation, formation of charge-assisted hydrogen bonds or amide bonds were individually proposed to explain the desorption hysteresis of antibiotics on biochars, leading to a debate on hysteresis mechanism. In this study, desorption of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), ciprofloxacin (CFX) and tetracycline (TET) on a wood chip biochar produced at 700 °C (WBC700) and its oxidized product (O-WBC700) was investigated to explore the underlying hysteresis mechanism.

The Role of Deformation and Microstructure Evolution on Texture Formation of a TA15 Alloy Subjected to Plane Strain Compression.

In this study, the texture formation mechanism of a TA15 titanium alloy under different plane strain compression conditions was investigated by analyzing the slipping, dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and phase transformation behaviors. The results indicated that the basal texture component basically appears under all conditions, since the dominant basal slip makes the C-axis of the α grain rotate to the normal direction (ND, i.e.

Evolutionary adaptation of KPC-2-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa high-risk sequence type 463 in a lung transplant patient.

Objectives: KPC-2-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa high-risk sequence type (ST) 463 is increasingly prevalent in China and poses severe threats to public health. In this study, we aimed to investigate within-host adaptive evolution of this clone during therapy.

Methods: Using nine serial respiratory isolates from a post-lung transplantation patient undergoing multiple antibiotic treatments, we conducted genomic, transcriptomic and phenotypic analyses to uncover the adaptive mechanisms of a KPC-2-producing ST463 P.

Green synthesis of a superhydrophobic porous organic polymer for the removal of volatile organic compounds at high humidity.

Superhydrophobic porous organic polymers are potential sorbents for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) pollution control by suppressing the competition of water molecules on their surfaces. However, the synthesis of superhydrophobic reagents usually requires large amounts of organic solvents and a long reaction time (≥ 24 h). Herein, a green mechanochemical method was developed to synthesize a superhydrophobic polymer (MSHMP-1) with the advantages of using a small amount of organic solvents (5 mL/g) and a short reaction time (2 h).

MOSGAT: Uniting Specificity-Aware GATs and Cross Modal-Attention to Integrate Multi-Omics Data for Disease Diagnosis.

With the advancement of sequencing methodologies, the acquisition of vast amounts of multi-omics data presents a significant opportunity for comprehending the intricate biological mechanisms underlying diseases and achieving precise diagnosis and treatment for complex disorders. However, as diverse omics data are integrated, extracting sample-specific features within each omics modality and exploring potential correlations among different modalities while avoiding mutual interference becomes a critical challenge in multi-omics data integration research. In the context of this study, we proposed a framework that unites specificity-aware GATs and cross-modal attention to integrate different omics data (MOSGAT).

Identification of SMC2 and SMC4 as prognostic markers in breast cancer through bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Breast cancer (BRCA) is one of the most common malignant tumors. The structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) gene family has been shown to play an important role in human cancers. However, the role of SMC families in BRCA is unclear.

Decomposition strategy for surface EMG with few channels: a simulation study.

In the specific use of electromyogram (EMG) driven prosthetics, the user's disability reduces the space available for the electrode array. We propose a framework for EMG decomposition adapted to the condition of a few channels (less than 30 observations), which can elevate the potential of prosthetics in terms of cost and applicability.The new framework contains a peel-off approach, a refining strategy for motor unit (MU) spike train and MU action potential and a re-subtracting strategy to adapt the framework to few channels environments.

Double-walled Al-based MOF with large microporous specific surface area for trace benzene adsorption.

Double-walled metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), synthesized using Zn and Co, are potential porous materials for trace benzene adsorption. Aluminum is with low-toxicity and abundance in nature, in comparison with Zn and Co. Therefore, a double-walled Al-based MOF, named as ZJU-520(Al), with large microporous specific surface area of 2235 m g, pore size distribution in the range of 9.