Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Approach for Third Ventriculostomy in the Management of Obstructive Hydrocephalus.

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is a safe and effective method for the management of obstructive hydrocephalus. Traditional approach is a transfrontal trajectory through the foramen of Monro to access and open the third ventricle floor. Though endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETA) for pituitary and skull base tumors has become increasingly popular, no published literature has explored its utility in performing an ETV.

Ambulatory Surgery Protocol for Endoscopic Endonasal Resection of Pituitary Adenomas: A Prospective Single-arm Trial with Initial Implementation Experience.

Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection has been accepted as a routine therapy for pituitary adenoma, but the postoperative hospital stay is typically several days long. With the advantages of reduced cost and improved patient satisfaction, the application of ambulatory surgery (AS) has developed rapidly. However, AS was still rarely adopted in neurosurgery.

Endoscopic Endonasal Transclival Approach to Spontaneous Hypertensive Brainstem Hemorrhage.

Surgical management of spontaneous hypertensive brainstem hemorrhage remains a challenge for neurosurgeons, especially when the hemorrhage is located the ventral brainstem. Recently endoscopic endonasal approach has been applied for resection of ventral brainstem lesions, though no published literature has explored its utility in treating brainstem hemorrhage. Here we reported a successful evacuation of severe hypertensive brainstem hemorrhage through endoscopic endonasal transclival approach.

Successful implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol reduces nausea and vomiting after infratentorial craniotomy for tumour resection: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Infratentorial craniotomy patients have a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols have been shown in multiple surgical disciplines to improve outcomes, including reduced PONV. However, very few studies have described the application of ERAS to infratentorial craniotomy.

Effect of Intraoperative Lumbar Drainage on Gross Total Resection and Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Rates in Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery of Pituitary Macroadenomas.

Objective: We sought to assess whether controlled, intraoperative lumbar drainage (LD) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) could facilitate resection of pituitary macroadenomas and reduce the rate of CSF leak.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study from a prospective database was conducted on 189 patients with pituitary macroadenoma who received endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery between 2013 and 2017. Patients were classified into 2 groups: 119 patients received an intraoperative LD (LD group) and 70 patients underwent routine endoscopic surgery without LD (control group).

Neurosurgical enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programme for elective craniotomies: are patients satisfied with their experiences? A quantitative and qualitative analysis.

Objective: To evaluate patient satisfaction and associated predictors at discharge, as well as patient experience at 30-day follow-up, in a neurosurgical enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programme.

Design: A single-centre, prospective, randomised controlled study.

Setting: A tertiary hospital in China.

A randomized controlled study of preoperative oral carbohydrate loading versus fasting in patients undergoing elective craniotomy.

Object: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative oral carbohydrate loading versus fasting on the outcomes of patients undergoing elective craniotomy.

Methods: In a single-center randomized controlled study, 120 neurosurgical patients who were admitted for elective craniotomy were included and randomized into 2 groups: 58 patients received 400 mL of oral carbohydrate loading 2 h before surgery (intervention group), and 62 patients were fasting for 8 h prior to surgery as routine management (control group). The primary end point was glucose homeostasis.

Safety and efficacy of a novel neurosurgical enhanced recovery after surgery protocol for elective craniotomy: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Although enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs have gained acceptance in various surgical specialties, no established neurosurgical ERAS protocol for patients undergoing elective craniotomy has been reported in the literature. Here, the authors describe the design, implementation, safety, and efficacy of a novel neurosurgical ERAS protocol for elective craniotomy in a tertiary care medical center located in China.

Methods: A multidisciplinary neurosurgical ERAS protocol for elective craniotomy was developed based on the best available evidence.

Endoscopic Endonasal Approach to Mesencephalic Cavernous Malformations.

Background: Symptomatic cavernous malformations involving the brainstem are difficult to access by conventional approaches, which often require dramatic brain retraction to gain adequate operative corridor. Here, we present a successful endoscopic endonasal transclival approach for resection of a hemorrhagic, symptomatic mesencephalic cavernous malformation.

Case Description: A 20-year-old woman presented with acute onset of headache, nausea, and vomiting.

Critical roles of chemokine receptor CCR5 in regulating glioblastoma proliferation and invasion.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant primary brain tumor in adults and exhibits a spectrum of aberrantly aggressive phenotype. Tumor cell proliferation and invasion are critically regulated by chemokines and their receptors. Recent studies have shown that the chemokine CCL5 and its receptor CCR5 play important roles in tumor invasion and metastasis.

Exogenous hydrogen sulfide exhibits anti-cancer effects though p38 MAPK signaling pathway in C6 glioma cells.

It has been documented that H2S, in some types of cancer, promotes tumor proliferation, whereas, in the other types, it inhibits the tumor cell growth. In the present study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects and relevant mechanisms of NaHS in C6 glioma cells. C6 cells were subjected to different concentrations of NaHS, then cell viability and morphological changes were examined by MTT assay and Hoechst staining.

[Inhibition of glucoraphenin enzymolysis in Raphani Semen by processing].

Objective: To explore material basis of the pharmacological differences between the roasting and pro-roasting Raphani Semen.

Method: The two new sulfur-containing compounds (A209 and B221) were found changed after processing in the water decoction. The common precursor-C3 of A209 and B211 and the precursor of C3 were seperated and purified.

Two novel sulfur compounds from the seeds of Raphanus sativus L.

The seeds of Raphanus sativus L., known as Lai-fu-zi in traditional Chinese Medicine, are always roasted before clinical use for avoiding nausea. During an investigation of the chemical difference between roasted and pre-roasted products, two novel sulfur-containing compounds, which mainly existed in the pre-roasted products, were isolated.