Unravelling biotic and abiotic mechanisms of mature compost to alleviate gaseous emissions in kitchen waste composting by metagenomic analysis.

Mature compost can reduce gaseous emissions in composting, but its regulation mechanisms via biotic and abiotic functions are largely unknown. This study used fresh and inactivated mature compost as additives in kitchen waste composting to unveil the relevant mechanisms using metagenomic analysis. Results showed that mature compost reduce gaseous emission by improving physiochemical properties and inoculating functional microbes.

Techno-economic assessment of industrial food waste composting facility: Evaluating bulking agents, processing strategies, and market dynamics.

Techno-economic assessment (TEA) of a valorization of bulking agent (BA) ratios on the food waste compost value chain is made to assess economic feasibility. TEA was performed with two plans (Plan A: existing composting facilities; Plan B: new composting facilities) and each plan was under four scenarios. The BA (i.

A novel chitosan and polyferric sulfate composite coagulant for biogas slurry pretreatment by simultaneous flocculation and floatation: Performance and underlying mechanisms.

Biogas slurry from anaerobic digestion is rich in nutrients but has not been fully utilized due to a high content of suspended solids (SS) causing clogging during agricultural irrigation. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a novel chitosan and polyferric sulfate (CTS-PFS) composite coagulant for simultaneous flocculation and floatation to enhance SS removal while preserving nutrients in biogas slurry. Orthogonal method was used for experimental design to determine the optimal synthesis and operational conditions of CTS-PFS.

Microbial Sources and Sinks of Nitrous Oxide during Organic Waste Composting.

Composting is widely used for organic waste management and is also a major source of nitrous oxide (NO) emission. New insight into microbial sources and sinks is essential for process regulation to reduce NO emission from composting. This study used genome-resolved metagenomics to decipher the genomic structures and physiological behaviors of individual bacteria for NO sources and sinks during composting.

Multi-stage aeration regime to regulate organic conversion toward gas alleviation and humification in food waste digestate composting.

Aerobic composting has been considered as a pragmatic technique to convert food waste digestate into high-quality biofertiliser. Nevertheless, massive gaseous emission and immature product remain the primary challenges in food waste digestate composting. Thus, the performance of multi-stage aeration regimes to improve gaseous emissions and organic humification during food waste digestate composting was investigated in this study.

Effects of low-level laser therapy on burning pain and quality of life in patients with burning mouth syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a complex chronic pain disorder that significantly impairs patients' quality of life. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) uses infrared or near-infrared light to produce analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and biological stimulation effects. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effect of LLLT on burning pain, quality of life, and negative emotions in patients with BMS.

Optimization of free air space to regulate bacterial succession and functions for alleviating gaseous emissions during kitchen waste composting.

This study investigated the effects of free air space (FAS) (45%, 55%, 65%) on bacterial dynamics for gaseous emissions during kitchen waste composting. Results show that FAS increase from 45% to 65% elevated oxygen diffusivity to inhibit bacteria for fermentation (e.g.

Microbes from mature compost to promote bacterial chemotactic motility via tricarboxylic acid cycle-regulated biochemical metabolisms for enhanced composting performance.

This study aims to reveal the underlying mechanisms of mature compost addition for improving organic waste composting. Composting experiments and metagenomic analysis were conducted to elucidate the role of mature compost addition to regulate microbial metabolisms and physiological behaviors for composting amelioration. Mature compost with or without inactivation pretreatment was added to the composting of kitchen and garden wastes at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% (by wet weight) for comparison.

Occurrence and transformation of heavy metals during swine waste treatment: A full scale study.

This study tracked the fate of nine detected heavy metals in an industrial swine farm with integrated waste treatment, including anoxic stabilization, fixed-film anaerobic digestion, anoxic-oxic (A/O), and composting. Results show that heavy metals exhibited different transformation behaviors in the treatment streamline with Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn as the most abundant ones in raw swine waste. The overall removal of water-soluble heavy metals averaged at 30 %, 24 % and 42 % by anoxic stabilization, anaerobic digestion and A/O unit, respectively.

Occurrence and fate of antibiotics in swine waste treatment: An industrial case.

This study mapped the fate of antibiotics in a swine farm with integrated waste treatment including anoxic stabilization, fixed-film anaerobic digestion, anoxic-oxic (A/O), and composting. Results show the prevalent and consistent occurrence of 12 antibiotics in swine waste. Mass balance of these antibiotics was calculated to track their flow and evaluate their removal by different treatment units.

Regulating aeration intensity to simultaneously improve humification and mitigate gaseous emissions in food waste digestate composting: Performance and bacterial dynamics.

This study assessed the impact of aeration intensity on food waste digestate composting to simultaneously govern organic humification and gaseous emissions. Results show that an augment in the aeration intensity from 0.1 to 0.

High oil content inhibits humification in food waste composting by affecting microbial community succession and organic matter degradation.

Composting is an effective technology to realize resource utilization of food waste in rural China. However, high oil content in food waste limits composting humification. This study investigated the effects of blended plant oil addition at different proportions (0, 10, 20, and 30%) on the humification of food waste composting.

Stratum corneum hydration inversely correlates with certain serum cytokine levels in the elderly, possibly contributing to inflammaging.

Background: Chronic, low-grade inflammation, also termed 'inflammaging', has been linked to the development of some aging-associated disorders. Recent studies suggest that inflammaging is attributable to aging-associated epidermal dysfunction. However, abnormality in which epidermal function contributes to inflammaging is not clear.

Intermittent aeration to reduce gaseous emission and advance humification in food waste digestate composting: Performance and mechanisms.

This study investigated the performance and mechanisms of intermittent aeration to regulate gaseous emission and humification during food waste digestate composting. In addition to continuous aeration, three intermittent aeration regimes were conducted with the on-off interval ratio at 3:1, 2:1, and 1:1 within each 30 min, respectively. Results showed that intermittent aeration regimes reduced gaseous emission and enhanced humification during composting.

Emission of volatile sulphur compounds during swine manure composting: Source identification, odour mitigation and assessment.

This study aimed to identify the sources of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) and evaluate their mitigation by ferric oxide (FeO) during swine manure composting. Four chemicals, including l-cysteine, l-methionine, sodium sulphite, and sodium sulphate, were further added to simulate organic and inorganic sulphur-containing substances in swine manure to track VSC sources during composting. Results show that sulphur simulants induced the emission of six common VSCs, including methyl sulphide (MeS), dimethyl sulphide (MeSS), carbonyl sulphide (COS), carbon disulphide (CS), methyl mercaptan (MeSH), and ethyl mercaptan (EtSH), during swine manure composting.

Bacterial dynamics for gaseous emission and humification during bio-augmented composting of kitchen waste with lime addition for acidity regulation.

This study investigated the impacts of lime addition and further microbial inoculum on gaseous emission and humification during kitchen waste composting. High-throughput sequencing was integrated with Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) and Functional Annotation of Prokaryotic Taxa (FAPROTAX) to decipher bacterial dynamics in response to different additives. Results showed that lime addition enriched bacteria, such as Taibaiella and Sphingobacterium as biomarkers, to strengthen organic biodegradation toward humification.

Ammonia emissions and their key influencing factors from naturally ventilated dairy farms.

Ammonia (NH) contributes several adverse impacts to the environment, especially the crucial role of PM precursors. In China, approximately 13.5% of the total NH emissions from agricultural activities are related to dairy cows farming.

Co-composting of kitchen waste with agriculture and forestry residues and characteristics of compost with different particle size: An industrial scale case study.

Since the implementation of domestic waste classification in China, the kitchen waste production has increased rapidly. The unique physical and chemical properties of kitchen waste make it impossible for direct composting for composting alone. This study investigated the co-composting of kitchen waste with agriculture and forest residues at an industrial scale at the Nangong Composting Plant (Located in Beijing).

Comparison between cold plasma, ultrasonication, and alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatments of garden waste to enhance humification in subsequent composting with kitchen waste: Performance and mechanisms.

This study compared the performance and mechanisms of cold plasma, ultrasonication, and alkali-assisted hydrogen peroxide for garden waste pretreatment to advance humification in composting with kitchen waste. High-throughput sequencing integrated with Functional Annotation of Prokaryotic Taxa was used to relate bacterial dynamics to humification. Results show that all pretreatment techniques accelerated humification by 37.

Recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from livestock slurry with treatment technologies: A meta-analysis.

The livestock industry has developed rapidly in recent decades, but the improper treatment of livestock manure, especially slurry, causes environmental pollution. Treatment technologies are considered to be effective in alleviating nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses from livestock slurry. Here, we used published research data to conduct a meta-analysis of the recovery efficiencies of N and P of five mainstream treatment technologies, including ammonia stripping, air scrubbing, membrane filtration, microalgae cultivation and struvite crystallization.

Humification and maturation of kitchen waste during indoor composting by individual households.

This study evaluated the humification and maturation of kitchen waste during indoor composting by individual households. In total, 50 households were randomly selected to participate in this study using kitchen waste of their own for indoor composting using a standard 20 L sealed composter. Garden waste was also collected from their local communities and used as the bulking agent.

Strategies to enhance micropollutant removal from wastewater by membrane bioreactors: Recent advances and future perspectives.

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) has been widely implemented to advance wastewater treatment and reuse. Nevertheless, conventional MBRs with porous microfiltration or ultrafiltration membranes are not designed for the removal of micropollutants, which ubiquitously occur in wastewater at trace concentrations, but potentially exert detrimental impacts to the ecosystem. Several effective strategies have been applied to improve MBR performance for micropollutant removal, particularly the hydrophilic and recalcitrant compounds.

Effects of digestion duration on energy efficiency, compost quality, and carbon flow during solid state anaerobic digestion and composting hybrid process.

This study investigated the effects of anaerobic digestion duration on methane yield, net energy production, and humification of compost during solid state anaerobic digestion (SSAD) and composting hybrid process for food waste treatment. Carbon flow and balance were used to evaluate organic methanation and humification inclination of carbon in the whole SSAD and aerobic composting system. Results showed that SSAD for 15 (AD-15) and 21 days (AD-21) could increase net energy production and degraded organic matter contained in the mixtures to achieve high biological stability.

Biochar amendment to advance contaminant removal in anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes: A review.

Anaerobic digestion (AD) has been widely applied to convert organic solid wastes into biogas, a renewable energy, and digestate, a bio-fertilizer, to sustain waste management. Nevertheless, several vexing contaminants in OSWs restrict digestate application in agriculture. Biochar has been evidenced to effectively improve AD by promoting organic biodegradation and alleviating the accumulation of inhibitory substances (e.

Regulating bacterial dynamics by lime addition to enhance kitchen waste composting.

This study examined bacterial dynamics in response to lime addition to enhance kitchen waste composting using modular network analysis. Bacterial communities could be separated into three meta-modules corresponding to the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature stage of composting. Lime addition at 1% (wet weight) suppressed acidogens and denitrifiers (e.