Gender-affirming pharmacotherapy and additional health considerations: A contemporary review.

Background: Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals in the United States face health care disparities compounded with discrimination and limited access to necessary medical services. Gender-affirming interventions have been shown to mitigate gender dysphoria and psychiatric comorbidities, yet United States legislation limiting such interventions has increased. As medication experts, pharmacists can facilitate access to care and appropriate use of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) and educate other health care providers on best practices for caring for TGD individuals in a variety of settings.

Long-range charge carrier mobility in metal halide perovskite thin-films and single crystals via transient photo-conductivity.

Charge carrier mobility is a fundamental property of semiconductor materials that governs many electronic device characteristics. For metal halide perovskites, a wide range of charge carrier mobilities have been reported using different techniques. Mobilities are often estimated via transient methods assuming an initial charge carrier population after pulsed photoexcitation and measurement of photoconductivity via non-contact or contact techniques.

Utilizing Nonpolar Organic Solvents for the Deposition of Metal-Halide Perovskite Films and the Realization of Organic Semiconductor/Perovskite Composite Photovoltaics.

Having captivated the research community with simple fabrication processes and staggering device efficiencies, perovskite-based optoelectronics are already on the way to commercialization. However, one potential obstacle to this commercialization is the almost exclusive use of toxic, highly coordinating, high boiling point solvents to make perovskite precursor inks. Herein, we demonstrate that nonpolar organic solvents, such as toluene, can be combined with butylamine to form an effective solvent for alkylammonium-based perovskites.

Highly Absorbing Lead-Free Semiconductor CuAgBiI for Photovoltaic Applications from the Quaternary CuI-AgI-BiI Phase Space.

Since the emergence of lead halide perovskites for photovoltaic research, there has been mounting effort in the search for alternative compounds with improved or complementary physical, chemical, or optoelectronic properties. Here, we report the discovery of CuAgBiI: a stable, inorganic, lead-free wide-band-gap semiconductor, well suited for use in lead-free tandem photovoltaics. We measure a very high absorption coefficient of 1.

A piperidinium salt stabilizes efficient metal-halide perovskite solar cells.

Longevity has been a long-standing concern for hybrid perovskite photovoltaics. We demonstrate high-resilience positive-intrinsic-negative perovskite solar cells by incorporating a piperidinium-based ionic compound into the formamidinium-cesium lead-trihalide perovskite absorber. With the bandgap tuned to be well suited for perovskite-on-silicon tandem cells, this piperidinium additive enhances the open-circuit voltage and cell efficiency.

Revealing Factors Influencing the Operational Stability of Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) made from metal halide perovskites have demonstrated external electroluminescent quantum efficiencies (EQE) in excess of 20%. However, their poor operational stability, resulting in lifetimes of only tens to hundreds of hours, needs to be dramatically improved prior to commercial use. There is little consensus in the community upon which factors limit the stability of these devices.

Charge-Carrier Trapping Dynamics in Bismuth-Doped Thin Films of MAPbBr Perovskite.

Successful chemical doping of metal halide perovskites with small amounts of heterovalent metals has attracted recent research attention because of its potential to improve long-term material stability and tune absorption spectra. However, some additives have been observed to impact negatively on optoelectronic properties, highlighting the importance of understanding charge-carrier behavior in doped metal halide perovskites. Here, we present an investigation of charge-carrier trapping and conduction in films of MAPbBr perovskite chemically doped with bismuth.

Microsecond Carrier Lifetimes, Controlled p-Doping, and Enhanced Air Stability in Low-Bandgap Metal Halide Perovskites.

Mixed lead-tin halide perovskites have sufficiently low bandgaps (∼1.2 eV) to be promising absorbers for perovskite-perovskite tandem solar cells. Previous reports on lead-tin perovskites have typically shown poor optoelectronic properties compared to neat lead counterparts: short photoluminescence lifetimes (<100 ns) and low photoluminescence quantum efficiencies (<1%).

Accuracy of the Surprise Question on an Inpatient Oncology Service: A Multidisciplinary Perspective.

The surprise question (SQ), "Would you be surprised if your patient died within a year?", has been studied in the cancer population as a prognostic prompt. Studies have almost exclusively directed the SQ to physicians, whereas perspectives of nurses remain underevaluated. We asked the SQ for patients admitted to an inpatient medical oncology service to medical oncology, palliative care, and hospital medicine teams and bedside nurses.

Facile Synthesis of Stable and Highly Luminescent Methylammonium Lead Halide Nanocrystals for Efficient Light Emitting Devices.

Metal halide perovskites are promising candidates for use in light emitting diodes (LEDs), due to their potential for color tunable and high luminescence efficiency. While recent advances in perovskite-based light emitting diodes have resulted in external quantum efficiencies exceeding 12.4% for the green emitters, and infrared emitters based on 3 D/2D mixed dimensional perovskites have exceeded 20%, the external quantum efficiencies of the red and blue emitters still lag behind.

Impact of Bi Heterovalent Doping in Organic-Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskite Crystals.

Intrinsic organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites (OIHP) based semiconductors have shown wide applications in optoelectronic devices. There have been several attempts to incorporate heterovalent metal (e.g.

Consolidation of the optoelectronic properties of CHNHPbBr perovskite single crystals.

Ultralow trap densities, exceptional optical and electronic properties have been reported for lead halide perovskites single crystals; however, ambiguities in basic properties, such as the band gap, and the electronic defect densities in the bulk and at the surface prevail. Here, we synthesize single crystals of methylammonium lead bromide (CHNHPbBr), characterise the optical absorption and photoluminescence and show that the optical properties of single crystals are almost identical to those of polycrystalline thin films. We observe significantly longer lifetimes and show that carrier diffusion plays a substantial role in the photoluminescence decay.

CsInAgCl: A New Lead-Free Halide Double Perovskite with Direct Band Gap.

ABB'X halide double perovskites based on bismuth and silver have recently been proposed as potential environmentally friendly alternatives to lead-based hybrid halide perovskites. In particular, CsBiAgX (X = Cl, Br) have been synthesized and found to exhibit band gaps in the visible range. However, the band gaps of these compounds are indirect, which is not ideal for applications in thin film photovoltaics.

Sexual Health: Exploring Patient Needs and Healthcare Provider Comfort and Knowledge.

Background: Sexual health is an important quality-of-life issue for many cancer survivors; however, this issue remains inadequately discussed by healthcare providers (HCPs) and patients.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore whether clinical oncology HCPs have adequate knowledge and are comfortable addressing sexual health issues, and to explore and describe patients' attitudes, beliefs, and informational needs regarding sexual health.

Methods: A survey was completed by HCPs and three patient focus groups were conducted to learn more about sexual health.

Mechanism for rapid growth of organic-inorganic halide perovskite crystals.

Optoelectronic devices based on hybrid halide perovskites have shown remarkable progress to high performance. However, despite their apparent success, there remain many open questions about their intrinsic properties. Single crystals are often seen as the ideal platform for understanding the limits of crystalline materials, and recent reports of rapid, high-temperature crystallization of single crystals should enable a variety of studies.

Lead-Free Halide Double Perovskites via Heterovalent Substitution of Noble Metals.

Lead-based halide perovskites are emerging as the most promising class of materials for next-generation optoelectronics; however, despite the enormous success of lead-halide perovskite solar cells, the issues of stability and toxicity are yet to be resolved. Here we report on the computational design and the experimental synthesis of a new family of Pb-free inorganic halide double perovskites based on bismuth or antimony and noble metals. Using first-principles calculations we show that this hitherto unknown family of perovskites exhibits very promising optoelectronic properties, such as tunable band gaps in the visible range and low carrier effective masses.

Structured Organic-Inorganic Perovskite toward a Distributed Feedback Laser.

A general strategy for the in-plane structuring of organic-inorganic perovskite films is presented. The method is used to fabricate an industrially relevant distributed feedback (DFB) cavity, which is a critical step toward all-electrially pumped injection laser diodes. This approach opens the prospects of perovskite materials for much improved optical control in LEDs, solar cells, and also toward applications as optical devices.

Distinct increased outliers among 136 rectal cancer patients assessed by γH2AX.

Background: In recent years attention has focused on γH2AX as a very sensitive double strand break indicator. It has been suggested that γH2AX might be able to predict individual radiosensitivity. Our aim was to study the induction and repair of DNA double strand breaks labelled by γH2AX in a large cohort.

Development of an intravenous skills module for graduate nurses.

Graduate nurses (GNs) are a major part of hospital recruitment. Forty-two percent of new hires are likely to be GNs. Many GNs feel ill prepared in intravenous (i.

Part 1: Evidence-based facility design using Transforming Care at the Bedside principles.

An academic hospital used Transforming Care at the Bedside (TCAB) principles as the framework for generating evidence-based recommendations for the design of an expansion of the current hospital. The interdisciplinary team used the table of evidence-based data to advocate for a patient- and family-centered, safe, and positive work environment. A nurse project manager acted as liaison between the TCAB design team, architects, and facilities and design consultants.

Controlling mesopore size and processability of transparent enzyme-loaded silica films for biosensing applications.

Silica-based nanoporous thin films including large mesopores are relevant as enzyme supports for applications in biosensing. The diffusion and immobilization of large biomolecules such as enzymes in such porous films require the presence of large mesopores. Creating such morphologies based on a bottom-up synthesis using colloidal templates is a challenge in view of the combination of desired material properties and the robustness of the casting process for the fabrication of thin films.

Intradermal lidocaine or bacteriostatic normal saline to decrease pain before intravenous catheter insertion: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: Anesthetics used to decrease pain during peripheral intravenous catheter insertion have been studied with equivocal results. This meta-analysis determined if lidocaine or bacteriostatic normal saline (BaNS) is more effective in reducing pain associated with peripheral intravenous catheter cannulation in adults.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses, and Web of Science databases were queried.

PML-nuclear bodies decrease with age and their stress response is impaired in aged individuals.

Background: Promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) have been depicted as structures which are involved in processing cell damages and DNA double-strand break repairs. The study was designed to evaluate differences in patients' PML-NBs response to stress factors like a cancerous disease and ionizing radiation exposure dependent on age.

Methods: In order to clarify the role of PML-NBs in the aging process, we examined peripheral blood monocytes of 134 cancer patients and 41 healthy individuals between 22 and 92 years of age, both before and after in vitro irradiation.